新课改省份高考英语大一轮复习Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars课下作业一三新人教版必修3.docx

新课改省份高考英语大一轮复习Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars课下作业一三新人教版必修3.docx

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新课改省份高考英语大一轮复习Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars课下作业一三新人教版必修3

Unit4Astronomy：

thescienceofthestars

课下作业（一~三）

课下作业

（一）考点过关针对练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．Accustomedtotheclimate（气候）inthecountryside,theoldcoupleprefernottomovetothecity.

2．Theycompletelyignoredtheseproblemsasiftheyneverexisted（存在）．

3．Wearesofarfromtheearththatwecan'tfeelitspull（牵引力）．

4．Hewasquitepuzzled（困惑的）aboutwhattodonext,soheturnedtohisfatherforhelp.

5．Theoldscientisttoldhisstudentsthatscientifictheories（理论）mustbebasedonfacts.

6．Hefoundsomethingfloating（漂浮）onthelake,whichfrightenedhim.

7．Atruckwentoutofcontrolandcrashed（碰撞）intothebackofabus.

8．Icouldfeelthewindgently（温和地）blowingthroughmyhairanditwasawarmsummerbreeze.

9．Newtonwasoneofthegreatestphysicists（物理学家）intheworldandmanypeopleadmirehimverymuch.

10．Unlike（与……不同）mostpeopleintheofficewhocometoworkbycar,Iusuallycometoworkbybus.

Ⅱ.语境语法填空

1．The❶existence（exist）ofterrorismletstheworldnotbestable.Terrorists'activities,manyofwhicharelinkedto❷religious（religion）extremism（极端主义）,haveresultedinaglobaldisaster.Theynotonlybringthreattothesafetyofhumans,buthavea❸harmful（harm）effectoneconomicgrowth.Manypeopleareforcedtofleetheirhomesbecauseofgrowingfearsof❹violence（violent）．Allgovernmentsarepayinggreatattentiontothisissue,buttostopterrorismisindeedasystematicproject,whichrequireseffort,wisdomandcooperation.

2．Aconflict❶broke（break）outwhenthevillagerstriedtopreventthefactory❷fromsendingwastewaterintotheirfields.Thevillagershadbeenwatchingout❸forthewastewaterforsometime.Theyfounditwasveryharmful❹totheirhealthaswellastheircrops.Officialscamejustintime❺to_stop（stop）thesituationgettingworse.

3．Thedevelopmentofsciencemakesitpossibleforus❶to_visit（visit）themoon.Butyouwillfind❷itdifficulttostaythere.Theearthis49times❸thesizeofthemoon.Asaresult,thegravityoftheearthisaboutsixtimesasgreatas❹thatofthemoon.Whenwegetclosertothemoon,wewillfeelitsgravitypullingus,butitisnotasstrong❺apullastheearth's.

Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子

1．显而易见，正是团队合作才使得他们去想去的地方成为可能。

（makeit＋adj.＋forsb.todo）

Obviously,itistheteamworkthat_makes_it_possible_for_them_to_goanywheretheywantto.

2．既然我们谁也不知道她的电话号码，只有派人去把消息告诉她了。

（nowthat）

Now_that_none_of_us_knows_her_telephone_number,_wewillhavetosendsomeonetodeliverthemessage.

3．李明的手机看起来和张华的一样，但价格是他的两倍。

（倍数表达法）

LiMing'smobilephonelookedjustthesameasZhangHua's,butitcosttwice_as_much_ashis.

4．这些游客们回到宾馆，又累又困。

（形容词短语作状语）

Thesetravelersreturnedtothehotel,tired_and_sleepy.

5．当这个教授出现时，所有的学生欢呼起来。

（cheer）

Whentheprofessorturnedup,all_the_students_cheered_up.

6．我的父母一天天的变老，该轮到我开始照顾他们的时候了。

（turn）

Myparentsaregettingolderandolder,soit_is_my_turn_to_startlookingafterthem.

Ⅳ.语境辨义

根据语境选出动词multiply的词义

1．Itispossibletomultiplythesebacteriainthelaboratory.__C__

2．Inmathsclassthechildrenarealreadylearningtomultiplyanddivide.__A__

3．Ourproblemshavemultipliedsincelastyear.__B__

课下作业

（二）话题阅读培优练

Ⅰ.根据提示填空

Withthedevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology,wehave❶made_it_possible_to_explore_space（使探索太空成为可能）．Whileanincreasingnumberofcitizensclaimthatthiskindoflaunchis❷a_waste_of_time_and_money（浪费时间和金钱）becausetheyholdtheviewthatitcannotbringanybenefitsforthem.However,❸I_hold_the_different_opinions（我持不同的意见）．

❹There_is_no_doubt_that（毫无疑问）spaceexplorationwillspendmuchmoney.However,❺in_the_long_run（从长远看）,itisalonginvestmentandwillbe❻beneficial（benefit）tousinthefuture.Tobeginwith,space❼exploration（explore）willbringbenefitsforustosearchfornaturalresource.Thatistosay,otherplanetsmayberichin❽various（variety）resourcesthatareingreatshortageontheearth.ItisreportedthatMars❾contains（contain）agreatdealofnaturalgasandiron.Moreover,engineershavealsonoticedthattheseresourcesontheplanetareabletoexploreandcan❿be_used（use）intheearthiftheycouldsolvetheproblemoftransportation.

Ⅱ.片段选词填空

produce，planet，nutritious，reach，enjoyone'slife，development，treasure，fresh，cometrue，prevent

Marsisoneoftheeightmajor❶planetsofthesolarsystem.ThereisnoliquidwateronMars.Withthincarbondioxideanddustintheatmosphereitiscoldanddryallyearround.Inwinterthecoldtemperaturecan❷reachminus130degreescentigradewhileinsummertimeitcanriseto27degreesCelsius.

Withtherapid❸developmentofscienceandtechnology,theMarswillchangealotinmanywaysinthefuture.Bighousesaremadebyspecialmaterialwhichcould❹preventtheradiationofthesun.Moreover,fruitsandvegetablesonMarsaremore❺nutritiousthanthoseontheearth.Also,newenergiesonMarsdonot❻producecarbondioxide,orcreategreenhouseeffect.

WewillfindtheMarshaven'tbeenpolluted.Airandwaterbecomestidierand❼fresherthanourearth.Ontheonehand,wecanstudyinthespaceshipandworkbycomputerathomeinsteadofgoingtoworkregularly.Ontheotherhand,itisveryeasyforustovisitotherstarsbyspaceship.Ihopeallthesecan❽come_true.Butfirst,wemust❾treasureandprotectMarsandavoiditbecominganotherpollutedearth.Ifallofustryourbesttodoit,wewill❿enjoy_our_life.

课下作业（三）高考语篇提能练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

（2019·南昌市二模）Astronomers（天文学家）saytheyareonthepointoffindingplanetslikeEarthorbitingotherstars,whichisakeystepindeterminingifwearealoneintheuniverse.

AtopNASAofficialandotherleadingscientistssaythatwithinfourorfiveyearstheyshoulddiscoverthefirstEarthlikeplanetwherelifecoulddevelop,ormayhavealready.AplanetclosetothesizeofEarthcouldevenbefoundsometimethisyear.

AttheannualAmericanAstronomicalSocietyconferencethisweek,eachdiscoveryinvolvingsocalled“exoplanets”—thoseoutsideoursolarsystem—pointedtothesameconclusion:

QuietplanetslikeEarthwherelifecoulddevelopprobablyareplentiful.

NASA'snewKeplertelescopeandalotofnewresearchfromthesuddenlyhotandcompetitiveexoplanetfieldcausednoticeablebuzzatthemeeting.Scientistsaretalkingaboutbeingat“anincrediblespecialplaceinhistory”andclosertoansweringaquestionthathasdoggedhumanitysincethebeginningofcivilization.“Arewealone?

Forthefirsttime,there'sanoptimismthatsometimeinourlifetimeswe'regoingtoget_to_the_bottom_ofthat，”saidSimonWorden,anastronomerwhoheadsNASA'sAmesResearchCenter.“IfIwereabettingman,whichIam,Iwouldbetwe'renotalone.”

“Thesearebigquestionsthatreflectuponthemeaningofthehumanraceintheuniverse，”thedirectoroftheVaticanObservatory,theRev.JoseFunes,saidonWednesdayinaninterviewatthisweek'sconference.

WordentoldTheAssociatedPress:

“Iwouldcertainlyexpectinthenextfourorfiveyearswe'dhaveanEarthsizedplanetinthehabitable（可居住的）zone.”

语篇解读：

天文学家说，他们即将在其他恒星周围找到类似地球的行星，在那里生命可以形成，或者可能已经形成。

到那时候就可以回答人类在宇宙中是否孤单这一问题了。

1．Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswecanlearn________.

A．astronomershavefoundplanetslikeEarthorbitingotherstars

B．findingotherstarsisakeystepindeterminingifwearealone

C．it'spossiblethataplanetlikeEarthwillbefoundthisyear

D．scientistssaythatlifehasdevelopedonthefirstEarthlikeplanet

解析：

选C　细节理解题。

根据第二段最后一句“AplanetclosetothesizeofEarthcouldevenbefoundsometimethisyear.”一颗类似地球的行星可能在今年的某个时候被发现。

故答案为C。

2．Accordingtothepassageanexoplanetisaplanet________.

A．likeEarthB．outsideoursolarsystem

C．orbitingthesunD．wherelifehasdeveloped

解析：

选B　细节理解题。

根据第三段“‘exoplanets’—thoseoutsideoursolarsystem”可得出答案。

3．Theunderlinedwords“gettothebottomof”inParagraph4probablymean“________”.

A．understandfullyB．makefulluseof

C．searchforD．domoreresearchon

解析：

选A　词义猜测题。

西蒙这句话的意思是：

我们第一次有了乐观的看法，在我们的有生之年，我们将能弄清这个问题的真相。

gettothebottomof“弄清真相，彻底弄明白”。

4．Fromthepassagewecanlearn________.

A．anEarthlikeplanethasbeenfound

B．it'sbeenprovedwearenotaloneintheuniverse

C．JoseFuneshasfoundthemeaningofthehumanraceintheuniverse

D．thediscoveryofanEarthlikeplanetcouldhappeninthenearfuture

解析：

选D　推理判断题。

通读全文可知，天文学家们认为在不久的将来，他们将在其他恒星周围找到类似地球的行星，证明人类在宇宙中并不孤单。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

（2019·南昌市一模）WhileyourteenmaygetbyOKbywaitinguntilthelastpossiblesecondtocompletehishighschoolscienceexperimentorhismathproject,procrastination（拖延症）canbeabigproblemlaterinlife.Yourteen'sfuturebossorcollegeprofessorsaren'tlikelytoacceptlatework—ortheexcusesthataccompanydelayedprojects.__1__Thatmeansmanaginghistimewiselywithoutrequiringconstantremindersorassistancefromyoutogethisworkdone.Herearesomestepsyoucantaketoteachyourteenessentialtimemanagementskills：

__2__Ifyou'realwaysrunninglateoryoumissalotofdeadlines,yourteenwillfollowsuit.Practicemanagingyourowntimewiselyandshowyourteenthatyoucanaccomplishthemostimportanttasksinanygivenday.

Encourageyourteentowritedownhisschedule.Yourteen'stimemayeasilygettakenupwithvideogamesorsocialmediaifhe'snotcareful.Teachhimtoschedulehisdaysohecansetasidetimeforchores,homework,andotherresponsibilities.__3__Then,timedoesn'tidlypasswithoutfeelinglikehehasn'tdoneanythingfun.

Helpyourteenprioritize（划分优先顺序）activities.__4__Abasketballgameandbirthdaypartymaycoincide.Talktoyourteenabouthowtoprioritizeactivities,basedonhisvaluesandcommitments.

Avoidnagging（唠叨）．Itcanbeannoyingtonagyourteenorofferrepeatreminders.__5__Setrulesabou