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情态动词无答案
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语法专题(四)情态动词
一、情态动词的基本含义
1.表示能力用can,could,beableto。
注意:
can与beableto常可互换,但也有不可互换的情况:
①can可用于人或物作主语的句子中,但beableto只能由有生命的名词作主语。
②can只有一般现在时和一般过去时(could),但beableto可以用于一般现在时、一般过去时、将来时、完成时。
还可用于非谓语动词短语。
③beableto用于过去时表示经过一番努力才能做到,一般用肯定句和疑问句,不能用could代替。
如:
Afterdoingmorepractice,hewasabletospeakEnglishatthemeeting.做了更多的练习之后,他能在会上说英语了。
这样考过
①(2007·东城)We________finishitaheadoftime,thoughitwassuchatoughtask.
A.could B.would
C.wereableto D.oughtto
.
②(2008·湖南)Youdon'thavetoknowthenameoftheauthortofindabook.You________findthebookbythetitle.
A.must B.need
C.can D.would
③(2007·湖南)Thebiggestproblemformostplants,which________justgetupandrunawaywhenthreatened,isthatanimalsliketoeatthem.
A.shan't B.can't
C.needn't D.mustn't
.
2.表示可能性
注意:
①can,could,may,might可能性依次减少。
②can表示理论上的可能性,指某事或情况可能发生,但并不说明实际上真会发生;如要表达某事发生的实际可能性,要用may,could或might等:
Anybodycanmakemistakes.任何人都可能犯错误。
这样考过
④(2009·宁波两地联考)He________thetestagain;inthatcase,hismotherwillbeverydisappointed.
A.shouldfail B.musthavefailed
C.mightfail D.couldhavefailed
,.⑤(2008·浙江)You________behungryalready—youhadlunchonlytwohoursago!
A.wouldn't B.can't
C.mustn't D.needn't
⑥(2009·北京朝阳区)—WillHelengetdisappointedifItellhershefailed?
—Ithinkshe ________.
A.may B.hasto
C.should D.need
.⑦(2009·潍坊质检)Mymotherisagreatcookandwe________nevergetenoughofhercookies.
A.may B.need
C.should D.can
.⑧(2009·北京丰台区)—It'ssupposedtoraintomorrow.
—Iknow,buttheforecast________bewrong.Weatherforecastsarefarfrom100percentaccurate.
A.must B.could
C.should D.will
.
3.表示许可
注意:
①在会话中,用could和might征求许可,表示语气委婉。
②给予许可时也可以使用其他委婉用语,如sure,certainly,goahead,please等。
这样考过
⑨(2009·宁波质检)—MrSmith,________hehavealltheseletterstypedforyourightaway?
—He________.Theyshouldbereadyby10o'clockthismorning.
A.will;must B.shall;hasto
C.need;will D.would;oughtto
.⑩(2009·江西师大附中)—________Ibookatablefordinnerafewdaysaheadoftime?
—Yes,you________.Therestaurantisalwaysfull,especiallyduringtheholidays.
A.Must;will B.Must;can
C.Shall;shall D.Shall;must
答案:
D
?
(2008·成都)Ifyouthinkthepriceofporkistoohigh,you________aswellbuysomebeef.Itdependsonyou!
A.should B.will
C.would D.may
.
4.表示建议可用can,may,will,would,you'dbetter(not)等。
这样考过
?
(2009·北京东城区)—Ifeelboredwithnothinginterestingtodo.
—You________watchTV.TherewillbeaverygoodHollywoodfilmonthisevening.
A.need B.could
C.would D.shall
?
You________phonehimifyouwantto,butyou________.He'llsurelyphoneyou.
A.may;mustn't B.haveto;needn't
C.might;won't D.can;needn't
.
5.表示义务、命令、要求等用must,haveto,should,oughtto等,意为“必须,应该”
这样考过
?
(2009·四川)—Idon'tcarewhatpeoplethink.
—Well,you________.
A.could B.would
C.should D.might
?
(2009·湖南)—It'stheoffice!
Soyou________knoweatingisnotallowedhere.
—Oh,sorry.
A.must B.will
C.may D.need
.?
(2008·海淀)—Pleasecarryacellphonetomakeiteasierformetogetholdofyou.
—OK,Dad.ButIameighteen.You________worrysomuch.
A.can't B.mustn't
C.shouldn't D.wouldn't
注意:
①must的否定形式是neednot(不必,没有必要),不用mustnot(禁止)。
②should还表示吃惊,不耐烦,不相信等。
?
(2009·海淀)Thepurposeofeducation________betoprovidestudentswithavaluesystem—nottopreparethemforaspecificjob.
A.will B.should
C.could D.may
6.表示意愿和决心用shall,will,would,wouldrather。
(1)shall表示说话人的强烈意志,有“命令,警告,允诺,威胁”等含义,因此用于第二、第三人称。
这样考过
?
(2008·北京)Johnpromisedhisdoctorhe________notsmoke,andhehasneversmokedeversince.
A.might B.should
C.could D.would
.?
(2009·合肥一六八中联考)—Hello,Peter.Wouldyoupleasegoshoppingwithmeafterschool?
—Sorry.Ourschoolisaboardingschool.Inschooldaysnobody ________gooutofschoolwithouttheheadteacher'spermission.
A.will B.can
C.may D.shall
.?
(2009·北京东城区)Afterthebellrings,whichindicatestheendingoftheexam,you________staywhereyouareuntilallyourpapersarecollected.
A.shall B.would
C.Will D.can
.(2009·洛阳统考)Theywanttotakepossessionofmyhouse,butthey________nothaveit.
A.shall B.must
C.would D.need
(2)will可以用于各种人称,表示意愿。
这样考过
(2009·江西吉安一中)Ifyou________letmepayforthebilltoday,thenatleastallowmetodriveyouhome.
A.shouldn't B.needn't
C.won't D.mustn't
(2006·重庆)—Mr.Gordonaskedmetoremindyouofthemeetingthisafternoon.Don'tyouforgetit!
—OK.I________.
A.won't B.don't
C.will D.do
特例:
will的主语若是无生命的东西,则表示它本身的一种特性或自然属性;won't则表示失去某种功能,意为“不起作用,就是不……”如:
Oilwillfloatonwater.油会浮到水面上。
Thoughhetriedhard,thedoorwouldn'topen.
尽管他费尽了力气,门就是不开。
(3)wouldrather意为“宁愿”。
这样考过
(2008·山东寿光现代中学)—Ididn'tgotothemuseumyesterday.
—Yes,butIwouldratheryou________theretoo.
A.went B.hadgone
C.shouldgo D.wouldhavegone还可能这样考
—Wouldyouliketohaveataxi?
—No,I________walkthere.It'ssuchalovelyday.
A.can B.oughtto
C.hadbetter D.wouldrather
7.would或“usedto+动词原形”表过去的习惯。
(1)在表示过去重复的习惯时,usedto可用would代替。
这样考过
(2007·郑州)Itriedtogetthroughtoher,butshesimply________notturnonhercellphoneasshewasbusy.
A.could B.might
C.would D.should
(2)usedto强调过去的行为同现在的对比,含有“过去怎样,而现在却不这样了”的含义;而would则单纯表示过去的习惯性动作,常同often,everyday等连用。
Sheisn'twhatsheusedtobe.她跟过去不一样了。
(表示对比,不可用would)
Wewouldsitintheyardeveryeveningandlistenedtohisstory.我们每天晚上坐在院子里,听他讲故事。
(表示过去的重复性行为)
可能这样考
Mother________usstorieswhenwewereyoung.
A.usedtotell B.usedtotelling
C.wouldtell D.willtell
(3)表示过去的状态,只能用usedto,不可用would。
Thereusedtobeaparkhere.以前这里有一个公园。
可能这样考
He________awaiter,butnowataxidriver.
A.wouldbe B.usedtobe
C.couldbe D.shouldbe
8.dare和need的用法
(1)dare的用法:
情态动词dare主要用于疑问句与否定句中,后接动词原形(不带to),没有人称和数的变化,但过去式为dared;dare也可以用作行为动词,后跟todo不定式。
可能这样考
—MissWhitehasdecidedtoexploreintheforestbyherself.
—She________askherboyfriendtoifshe________gowalkingintheforest.
A.needn'tto;daresto
B.doesn'tneed;dares
C.neednotto;dareto
D.needn't;dare
—Thereisalotofsmokecomingoutoftheteachingbuildingthere.
—Really?
It________beafire,mostprobably.
A.oughtto B.can
C.haveto D.must
(2)need的用法:
need作情态动词时。
没有人称时态的变化,后接动词原形,多用于疑问句或否定句中;need也可用作行为动词,后接名词、代词或带to的不定式。
这样考过
(2007·长沙)Generally,reporterstakepositivelines.Theydopointoutafewproblemsthatwe________awareof,butthere'snothingworrying.
A.needto B.need
C.needbe D.needtobe
(2010·淄博上学期期末)Infact,you________gooutsideatall.There’sasupermarketjustdownstairs.
A.couldn't B.mustn't
C.needn't D.shouldn't
(2007·江西九所)—Ididn'tgotoworktoday.
—You________;itisSunday.
A.didn'tneedto B.mustn'thave
C.can'thave D.needn'thave
二、情态动词表示推测
1.情态动词用于对现在和过去的推测。
注意:
①在表示推测时,can不用于肯定句,may不用于疑问句。
②should可用于表将来的推测。
这样考过
(2009·成都检测)Ican'tfindMr.Lianywhereintheofficebuilding.Where________hehavegone?
A.must B.could
C.should D.would
(2009·重庆)—Hi,Tom.AnyideawhereJaneis?
—She________intheclassroom.Isawhertherejustnow.
A.shallbe B.shouldhavebeen
C.mustbe D.mighthavebeen
(2008·重庆)—Ican'tfindmypurseanywhere.
—You________havelostitwhileshopping.
A.may B.can
C.should D.would
(2009·北京西城区)There________beanydifficultyinpassingtheoraltestsinceyouhavepracticedalotin school.
A.mustn't
B.shan't
C.shouldn't
D.needn't
(2009·上海)It________havebeenTomthatparkedthecarhere,asheistheonlyonewithacar.
A.may B.can
C.Must D.should
(2009·南通调研)—John,howdidyourEnglishexamgo?
—IthoughtI________,butinfactIcameinthetop10%intheclass.
A.shouldhavefailed B.couldn'thavefailed
C.mighthavefailed D.mustn'thavefailed
(2009·福州模拟)—WhereisMichael?
Icannotfindhimanywhere.
—He________havebeenofflong.Isawhimstudyintheroomjustnow.
A.shouldn't B.can't
C.mustn't D.needn't
2.情态动词+havedone的其他含义
(1)“should/oughtto+have+v.-ed“意为“本应该”,表示过去应该做而没有做的事,也可表示惊讶、赞叹等情绪。
这样考过
(2007·陕西)Itoldyourfriendhowtogettothehotel,butperhapsI________havedrivenherthere.
A.could B.must
C.might D.should
(2)“shouldn't/oughtnotto+have+v.-ed”意为“本不应该”,表示过去不应该做某事但却做了。
这样考过
(2009·天津河西区)He ________backtoworkwithoutthedoctor'spermission.Now,hehastostayinbedforacoupleofdays.
A.wouldn'thavegone
B.couldn'thavegone
C.needn'thavegone
D.shouldn'thavegone
(2009·厦门质检)You ________lateforyesterday'sclassmeeting,asitwassoimportant.
A.couldn'tbe
B.shouldn'tbe
C.mustn'thavebeen
D.oughtn'ttohavebeen
(3)“could+have+v.-ed”意为“本能够,本可以”,表示过去本可以做某事,但却没做。
这样考过
(2009·江苏)Hedidnotregretsayingwhathedidbutfeltthathe________itdifferently.
A.couldexpress
B.wouldexpress
C.couldhaveexpressed
D.musthaveexpressed
(4)“needn't+have+v.-ed”意为“本没有必要”,表示过去本没有必要做某事,但却做了。
注意:
“neednot+have+v.-ed”表示过去本不必做但却做了的事;“didnotneedto+动词原形”表示过去不必做某事而实际上也没有做。
如:
Sheneednothavecomeyesterday.她昨天本不必要来的。
(但却来了)
Shedidn'tneedtocomeyesterday.她昨天不必来。
(实际上也没来)
三、固定用法
can'ttoo...无论怎样也不过分,越……越好;can'thelpdoing情不自禁做某事;may/mightaswell还是做……的好;wouldrather...than宁愿做……也不愿做……。
这样考过
(2009·龙岩质检)Trafficsafetyissoimportantthateveryone________takesafetymeasurestooseriously.
A.shouldn't B.mustn't
C.cannot D.won't
解析:
can't...too...表示“怎么都不过分,千万,非常。
”
答案:
C
(2009·北京朝阳区)Shecouldn'thelp,eventhoughshetriednotto,________atthestrangeclothesherfriendwaswearing.
A.tolaugh B.laugh
C.laughing D.laughed
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.—Isn'tthatA