情态动词使用语法教案.docx
《情态动词使用语法教案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《情态动词使用语法教案.docx(20页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
![情态动词使用语法教案.docx](https://file1.bingdoc.com/fileroot1/2023-5/8/0b5c9ec4-946e-472f-b861-d6b04af35773/0b5c9ec4-946e-472f-b861-d6b04af357731.gif)
情态动词使用语法教案
课程名称:
情态动词
教学内容:
情态动词的定义,用法
教学对象:
初中生
教学目标:
准确掌握情态动词的用法
教学重难点:
辨析情态动词的用法
TeachingSteps
Step1:
Leading-in
聊学生的兴趣和特长,引入能或会干什么
Step2:
Warming-up
找出两个句子的不同之处
Iplaytheguitar.
Icanplaytheguitar.
Idrawapicture
Icandrawapicture.
Step3:
TeachingandDrills
知识卡片1
定义
是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪、态度或与语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。
知识卡片2
情态动词有五类:
1.只做情态动词:
must,can(could),may(might)……
E.gShemaybeateacher.
Icandoit.
2.可做情态动词又可做实义动词:
need,dare
E.gIneedtodomyhomework.
Ineedabook
3.可做情态动词又可做助动词:
would/will,shall/should
E.gWillyoucomethisway,please?
Iwillgohometomorrow.
4具有情态动词特征:
have(had,has)to,usedto
E.gIhavetostayathome.
Weusedtogothereeveryyear.
5.情态动词表猜测
注:
mustn't代表强烈禁止must表示主观,haveto表示客观。
常用的有:
can,may,could,must,haveto,use.
E.gIthinkLilymaybeintheclassroomnow.
Shecan’tbeintheclassroom.Isawherinthelibraryjustnow.
练习
1.-______ I have a look at your dictionary?
-Of course you can.Here you are.
A.NeedB.CanC.MustD.Should
2.Lily is often in a yellow skirt.She _____ like yellow very much.A.willB.canC.must
3.
知识卡片3
情态动词特点
1.情态助动词则有自己的词义,能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法,或表示主观设想:
IamafraidImustbegoing.(一定要)
Youmayhavereadsomeaccountofthematter.(或许已经)
2.情态动词无人称和数的变化,情态动词后面跟的动词须用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加"not"。
Wecan'tcarrytheheavybox.我们搬不动那箱子。
I'msorryIcan'thelpyou.对不起,我帮不上你。
3.个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式,过去式用来表达更加客气,委婉的语气,时态性不强,可用于过去,现在或将来。
情态动词属非及物动词,故没有被动语态。
Hecouldbeheresoon.他很快就来。
I'msorryIcan'thelpyou.对不起,我帮不上你。
练习
1.根据括号中所给的情态动词改写句子
1.ShespeaksEnglish.(may)
_____________________________.
2.Hestaysathome.(must)
_____________________________.
3.Thelittledogcatchestheball.(can)
_____________________________.
4.Idomyhomework.(haveto)
_____________________________.
5.Shehasarest.(need)
_____________________________.
知识卡片4
用法
1.can/could
1)表示能力(会)
1)MarycanspeakEnglish,butshecannotspeakFrench.
2)Canyouliftthisheavybox?
3)Canyouskate?
2)表示允许(可以)
1)CanIuseyourdictionary?
2)-----CanIgohomenow?
-----Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.
3)could是can的过去式;表示过去的能力;用于婉转语气,多用于问句。
“能,可以”
Hecouldrideabikeattheageoffive.
Couldyoupleasecleantheroom?
----CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow?
----Yes,youcan.(No,youcan’t.)
此处could不是过去式,只是语气更委婉,答语中不能用could和couldn’t,要用can和can’t。
练习
1.--Is that man Mr Green?
--It–_be him.He has gone to Paris on business.
A.mayB.mustC.can'tD.shouldn't
2.--Could I keep the book for two more days?
--Yes,you _______.( )
A.couldB.canC.needD.must
3.-Hi,Jack!
Could you come to our English party?
-Sorry,I______.I have to look after my little sister at home.
A.mustB.couldC.can't
2.may/might
1)表示请求和允许(可以),比can 正式.
MayIcomein?
He may come if he likes.
may的一般疑问句,其否定回答用can’t或mustn’t。
--MayIgohomenow?
--Yes,youmay./Sure./Yes,please.
No,youcan’t./mustn’t.
2)may也表示猜测,意为“可能”。
WhereismyEnglishbook?
Itmaybeinyourdesk.
3)might是may的过去式。
表示推测,可能性较小。
He might be very busy now.
Your mothermight know the truth.
练习
1.-Tom,where is Kate?
-She_____ be in the garden.She sometimes plays with
her dog there.
A.mustB.needC.shallD.may
2.-Mom,______i visit the art museum next Monday?
-I'm afraid you can't.All museums in the city are closed on Monday.
A.wouldB.needC.shouldD.may
3.-Excuse me,______ I take the magazine out of the
reading room?
-Sorry,you can't.Just here,please.
A.mustB.wouldC.mayD.need
3.Must
1)must必须,表示说话人的主观意志。
Youmustdoyourhomeworkfirst.
2)mustn’t表示禁止,不准,不允许。
Youmustn’tsmokehere.
You mustn’t play with fire.
以must开头的疑问句,肯定回答:
Yes,…must.
否定回答:
No,…needn’t.
或No,…don’thaveto.
练习
1.-Mum,must I clean the room right now?
-No,you ______.( )
A.shouldn'tB.wouldn'tC.mustn'tD.needn't
2.一一Listen!
IsProfessorJohnsongivingareportinthehall?
一一No,it________behim.HehasgonetoJapan.
A.needn'tB.maynotC.mustn'tD.can't
3.—Can I go swimming,Mom?
—Certainly.But you ____ be back by four.
A.canB.mayC.mightD.must
4.Need
1)在表否定的句子中,表示“不必”
Thereisenoughtime.Youneedn’thurry.
2)在疑问句和肯定句中表“需要”
IwonderifIneedgotoGuangZhouagain.
练习
1.There is still a lot of time left and we _____ be in such a hurry.( )
A.can'tB.shouldn'tC.mustn'tD.needn't
2.一Mum,mustIcleanmyroom?
-No,you____.
A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can't
3.-Let's go to the Art Museum by taxi.
-It's only ten minutes'walk.We ______take a taxi.
A.needn'tB.can'tC.mustn't
5.shall的用法
1)征求对方意见,用于第一、第三人称疑问句
Shallwesay6o’clockthen?
Henryiswaitingoutside.Shallhecomein?
2)用于第二、第三人称中,表示说话者的意图、决心、许诺、命令、警告、威胁等。
TellJackthatheshallgetagiftifheisnice.
练习
1.---Theroomissodirty.______wecleanit?
----Ok.
A.willB.Shall
C.WouldD.Do
2._____wegooutforamealtogether?
A.willB.Shall
C.WouldD.Do
3.You_____besorryforwhatyouhavedone,Itellyou.
A.shallB.mayC.mightD.must
6.should的用法
1)作为shall的过去式,用于第一、第三人称,多在间接引语中,以征求对方意见。
Mr.Leeaskedifheshouldgetthevisatomorrow.
2)表达义务、职责等,这种用法往往表示说话者的观点
Youshouldbesocareless.
3)shouldhavedone表示“本应该做而没有做”,否定式表示“本不该做而做了”
Youshouldhaveinvitedmetothepartyyesterday.Ihadexoectedyouto.
Jimshouldn’thavedonealltheworkwithinoneday.Therewasstilltime.
练习
情态动词
虚拟语气
1.-MustIrenewthenovelnow?
-No,you______.Butyou______itthedaybeforeyesterday.( )
A.mustn't;shouldhaverenew
B.maynot;shoulddo
C.needn't;mustrenew
D.can't;shouldhavedone
2.Iinsistedthathe____,whichmeansIinsistedon____.( )
A.shouldgo;hegoes
B.go;hegoes
C.shouldgo;himgoing
D.wouldgo;hisgoing
3.-Didyoupunishhimforlosingyourdigitalcamera?
-Yes,butIdon'tthinkI______.( )
A.shoulddothat
B.needtohavedoneso
C.oughthavedonethat
D.shouldhavedoneso
7.dare的用法
1)用于否定句中,表示“不敢”
Idaren’tgooutaloneatnight.
2)用于疑问句和条件句中,表示“敢”
Howdareyouspeaktomelikethat?
练习
1._____hetellyouthetruth?
A.couldB.mustC.dareD.need
2.I______saytherearemistakesthere.
A.couldB.mustC.needD.dare
3.He______tellmethatsortofthing
A.needB.dareC.couldD.must
8.Usedto的用法
表示“过去常常,过去是”,现在不是如此,没有人称和数的变化,否定式usedn’tto或者didn’tuseto
Heisnotwhatheusedtobe.
练习
1.She–__livealone.Butshe–_livingalonebecauseshefeelslonely.( )
A.usedto;doesn'tusedto
B.isusedto;wasusedto
C.usedto;isnotusedto
D.wasusedto;doesn'tusedto
2.---HowdoesJackusuallygotowork?
---He________driveacar,butnowhe________theretoloseweight.( )
A.usedto;isusedtowalk
B.wasusedto;isusedtowalking
C.wasusedto;isusedtowalk
D.usedto;isusedtowalking
3.Nancy_________eatalotofsnacksbetweenmeals,butnowshe_______greenfood.( )
A.usedto,isusedto
B.usedto,usedto
C.isusedto,usedto
D.isusedto,isusedto
9.hadbetter
hadbetter后接动词原形,表示“最好”
Wehadbettergettherebeforeisgetsdark.
练习
1.Youareill.Youhadbetter_______thedoctorrightnow.( )
A.lookatB.seeC.watch
2..Youhadbetter________yourshoes_________.( )
A.tohave;mended
B.have;mended
C.have;mending
D.tohave;mending
3.-Theweatherreportsaysthereisgoingto________atyphoontonight.
-Sowehadbetter________out.( )
A.be,notgo
B.have,notgo
C.be,nottogo
D.have,nottogo
10.Beableto
beableto后跟动词原形,表示具体的能力,与can的用法相近
Iamnotableto/can’tansweryourquestion.
Areyouabletotype?
=Canyoutape?
练习
1.I'mafraidIwon'tbeable______toyourofficeontime.
A.comeB.tocomeC.comesD.came
2.Thereisnowayyouwillbeable______theproblem
A.toworkoutB.worksoutC.workout
3.Iwouldbeableto______yourmorehelp.
A.giveB.givesC.gave
11.Haveto
Haveto和must意思接近,但是must更强调说话者的主观意愿。
Haveto强调客观上的必要性,常译为“不得不”
Ihavetobeoffnow.Mymumiswaitingforme.
练习
1.You–_afraidofdoinghomework.Youknow,it'seasy.Justbecareful.( )
A.don'thaveto
B.havetobe
C.don'thave
D.don'thavetobe
2.Whenmyparentsaskedmetostudyhardbefore,I–_doit.NowI'magrown-upboy,I–_studyhard.( )
A.must;must
B.hadto;haveto
C.hadto;must
D.haveto;must
3.You–_buyagift,butyoucanifyouwantto.( )
A.mustB.mustn'tC.havetoD.don'thaveto
练习
1.You_______stopwhenthetrafficlightturnsred.
A.canB.hadbetterC.needD.must
2.—IsthatgirlunderthetreeMary?
—No,that_______beMary.SheisinNewYork.
A.canB.mustn’tC.can’t
3.—Mr.Wang,canIfinishmyhomeworktomorrow?
—Sorry,you_______.
A.can’tB.don’tC.needn’tD.won’t
4.—Dad,canIgotothemoviestonight?
—Sure,butyou_______comebackhomebefore9o’clock.
A.canB.mustC.mayD.might
5.—Mom,mustIfinishmyhomeworknow?
—No,you_______.Youmayhavesupperfirst.
A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’t
6.—Willyoustayforsomemoredays?
—Sorry,I______.Mymothercalledtoaskmetogobackatonce.
A.mustn’tB.maynot
C.can’tD.wouldn’t
7.—Shallwetakeataxi?
—No,we_______.It’snotfarfromhere.
A.can’tB.mustn’t
C.shouldn’tD.needn’t
8.—You_______beexcitedthatyou’regoingbacktoyourhometownsoon.
—Yes,Ican’twaitanylonger.
A.shallB.canC.needD.must
9.Tomwillhelpyoufinishtheworkontime,soyou_________worryaboutit.
A.don’tneed
B.needn’t
C.notneed
D.needn’tto
10.Sinceyouareverytired,you___________finishtheworktoday.
A.don’tneed
B.needto
C.notneed
D.needn’t
总结
原形
(过去式)
用法
含义
例句
can
(could)
表示能力(= be able to)
能;会
Tom can swim.
=Tom is able to swim.
汤姆会游泳。
(疑问句中)表示请求
可以
Could you give us a hand?
你可以帮我们一下吗?
(否定句、疑问句中)表示可能性
can可能
can’t不可能
The boy can’t be Jim. He’s much taller.
这个男孩不可能是吉姆。