精校版论《失乐园》中撒旦的形象.docx

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AnAnalysisofSataninParadiseLost

论《失乐园》中撒旦的形象

AnanalysisofSataninParadiseLost

摘要

约翰·弥尔顿是英语文化历史上非常有名的一位作家。

他的著作—《失乐园》是英语文化史上的一座里程碑。

在约翰·弥尔顿所有的著作中，《失乐园》是最复杂，最难理解的一部作品，并为他赢得了永久的荣誉.他的史诗使得撒旦的形象更加生动，更加具有人性，并且使其在某些方面成为了一名特殊的英雄。

弥尔顿用了很多的语句来描写撒旦对他的追随者所做的雄辩。

撒旦追求自由，但是却不能用暴力手段得到他想要的.这就是撒旦在弥尔顿的著作中具有一种矛盾性。

尽管弥尔顿用了一种积极的态度来描写撒旦，但是撒旦邪恶的本性却从未改变.他的矛盾情感鲜明地遍及整个诗篇。

这种矛盾的情感吸引了众多批评家的目光，引起了几个世纪的争论。

本文通过分析撒旦在《失乐园》中的形象，使得人们获得一种不同的视角来重新审视邪恶的撒旦.他的字句反映了他毕生所挚爱的自由,同时暗示通过暴力方式所进行的革命终将会失败，这也体现了弥尔顿自己的意志与精神.

关键词：

撒旦；自由；英雄；失败

Abstract

JohnMiltonwasaveryfamouswriterduringthehistoryofEnglishliterature。

HismasterpieceParadiseLostwasundoubtedlyamilestoneinthehistoryofEnglishliterature.AmongallofJohnMilton’sgreatworks,ParadiseLostwasthemostcomplicatedandmostprofoundone,whichwonhimendlesshonor。

HisepicmadeSatanmorevividmorehumanizedandmadehimaspecialheroinsomeaspects。

MiltonwrotealotofsentencestodescribeSatan’sdefenseforhisfollowers。

Satansoughtforfreedom，buthecouldn’tgetwhathewantedbyviolence。

That'swhySataninMilton’smasterpiecehadakindofcontradiction。

AlthoughMiltonadoptedapositiveattitudetodescribeSatan，hisevilcharacteristicdidn’tchangeatall.Hisambivalencewasobviouslythroughoutthewholepoem。

Thiskindofambivalencecaughtallcritics’eyesandledtocenturies'disputes。

ByanalyzingSataninParadiseLost,theauthorofthispaperaimstomakepeopleobtainadifferentangletorevisittheevilone,Satan。

Hiswordsshowedhislifelongloveforfreedom,andimpliedthattherevolutionwouldbefailedbyviolence，whichalsoreflectedMilton’sownideaandspirit。

KeyWords：

Satan;freedom；hero;failure

Contents

1。

Introduction

WhileShakespearewasstillwritinghisgreatplays，anotherexcellentEnglishpoetwasborninLondon.HewasJohnMilton.JohnMilton，oneofthegreatestpoetsoftheEnglishlanguage,wasapoliticalcommentatoroftheEnglishBourgeoisRevolution，whoseimportancewasacknowledgedaroundtheworld.AlthoughMilton’sfatherwasapuritan,hewasamusicandbooklover.PuritansrefertothepeoplewhoassertthemselvesthemostrigidbelieversofGod.What’smorehetaughtlittleMiltontoenjoymusicandbooks.Miltonhasreceivedhumanisticthoughtsfrom16thcenturyandacceptedthegreatscienceachievementsofthe17thcentury，atthesametimehehadacriticalattitudetowardshislife。

Hethoughtthatsciencewasnoteverything。

Withoutjusticeandscience，peoplecouldn’tgetpeaceandrealhappiness。

Milton’sliteraryambitionwastowriteanepicandhewantedhisepictobereadbypeopleindifferentcountries。

IttookMiltonsevenyearstofinishthegreatepicParadiseLost.AmongallofJohnMilton'sgreatworks，paradiseLostwasthemostcomplexandmostimpressiveone，whichwonhimeverlastinghonor.ThisbooktoldthestoryofhowSatanfoughtagainstGodandhowAdamandEvewerebanishedfromtheEden.SatanwasthemajorcharacterinParadiseLost.Hisimageswereimpressiveandpowerful.Themaincharacterofthisbookwasintricateandcontradictory。

Afterfinishinghisfamouspoem,JohnMiltonwroteParadiseRegainedandaplaytellingthestoryofSamson。

2.TheRealisticSignificanceofParadiseLost

2.1ThePresentationofEveryImageofDifferentClasses

Inthisepic,Miltongavedetaileddescriptionofeveryimage，andasweknow，theepicreflectedthesocietyMiltonlived,soeachimagehaditsownpresentation.

Miltonwasapuritan，whowasveryloyaltohisbeliefs.Fromthisbook，wecansensethestrongwilloffreedomfromMilton。

Obviously,Godwasonbehalfoftheauthority,andhewasanotherbestdescriptionofMilton’spersonalities.SomepeopleagreedwithSatanandregardedGodasatyrantandegoist.WhileotherpeoplewhocondemnedSatan，tookGodasamerciful，justandlenientauthority.TheauthoralsotoldussomethingfromAbdiel’smouththatthecompliancewithGodwasnotservility,buttheonlywayofgettingfreedom.Thesepeoplewhodefiedtheirsuperiorsandstirredupanewrebellionwerenotservileandinferior.AndastoAdamandEve，theyweretemptedbySatanandpunishedbyGod，likeallthecommonpeople，allthecivilianclass,theydidn’thavethepowerorcouragetofightagainsttheauthority,sotheychosetoadaptthemselvestoit。

Becauseoftheprominentbackground,thestoryinParadiseLostandtheBiblehadalotincommon。

That'saveryimportantreasonwhyParadiseLostbecamesopopular.

2。

2TheThemeoftheWholeBook

IfyouhaveknownMiltonverywell，youmayfindoutthatbeforehewrotethisepichislifewasnotthatpositive。

Whenhelivedinthisworld，helovedfreedomverymuchandtriedhisbesttogetfreedom。

Freedomasatopicisthroughoutthewholemasterpiece。

ThebookhassomethingtodowithMilton'sownlifeexperience。

Hewasatoughguy，whonevergaveuphisownbeliefandwouldsticktohiswillforever.Miltondidn'tagreewiththeoldwayofteaching，whichreflectedhisdisobediencetofeudalisticforce,justasSatan’srebellionagainstGodandtheconflictfromheaven.“Wemaywithmoresuccessfulhoperesolvetowagebyforceorguideeternalwar，irreconcilabletoourgrandfoe,whonowtriumphs,andintheexcessofjoy.Solereigningholdsthetyrannyofheaven。

"（Milton，1667:

1608）

Insteadofwithdrawingfromsociety，Miltonstillplayedanactiveroleinpoliticalaffairs。

Althoughhewasnotgoingtotakepartinpoliticsdirectly,hecontinuedtoworkwithfriendsandcolleaguesclosely.Satan'srebelliousandheroicimageswerepresentedinMilton'sthoughts。

Healwayssoughtforfreedom，likeSatanalwaystooksomemeasurestogetridofGod’scontrol.

2.3TheDoomedEndingofSatan

Miltonwasaloyalpuritanandheknewthatfreedomwastheonlywaytoget

happiness。

Andrevolutionwasagoodwaytogetfreedom。

Butatlast，Miltonrealizedthattherevolutionatthattimecouldn’tgetrealfreedom。

So,tosomedegree，therevolutionmustbeafailureinhisopinion。

What'smore,fromthisbookwecanseethatSatanwasthetypicalrepresentativeoftherevolutionaryclass,sowecansaythatfailurewasthedoomedendingofSatan.BystudyingEnglishhistory，weknewthatthepuritanrevolutionwasafailurejustlikeMiltonimpliedinParadiseLost。

Violenceisnotagoodwaytosolveproblems.Miltonwasapuritan。

AlthoughhewasnotsatisfiedwiththeCrown,hedidn’tagreetousetheviolencewaytosolvetheconflict,either。

Maybethispointofviewwasnotthatrightinreader’seyes，butinfact，weallknowthatwarwillneverbringhappiness。

3.TheChangesofSatan

3。

1SatanintheBible

3。

1。

1TheCongregationofAlltheSinsintheBible

ThereweretwomajorreasonswhichmadeSatanacompletemonsterinBible。

Thefirstreasonwasthatheseducedgoodpeopleintodoingevilthings。

ThesecondonewashisbetrayalofGod。

Ifwedidn’tknowsomethingaboutSatanandhisforces，wewouldnothaveaclearunderstandingofbasicspiritualrealitiesoftheuniverse.ThereasonwhySatanbecamethebiggestenemyofGodwasthathewasagainstthefoundationoftheearth。

Hismainpurposewastogettheworshipthatonlybelongedtotheoriginator，God.Tomostpeople，Satan’smajorworkwastobeagainsthumanbeings.Hewouldtryhisbesttodestroythemankind。

What'smore,hewoulddoitforgoodandwithoutspecificreasons。

FearandpridewerethemajormotivationsinSatan’skingdom.That'swhyBibledirectedpeopletoregardSatanasadevilinthisuniverse.

3。

1。

2Satan’sWisdomandEmotion

Satan'swisdomasanimportantaspectwasworthytobementioned.TotemptAdamandEvetoeatapplefromthetreeofknowledge，whichwasforbiddenbygod,Satandisguisedhimselfasasnake.Hewaitedsilentlyforagoodtime.OnceEveworkedbyherselfandAdamwasn’taroundher，Satanwouldcomeoutandapproachher。

Satanknewwhatwomenprefertohear，sohenormallystartedtheconversationwithpraiseforEve’sbeauty。

ThenhecouldgetwhathewantedandmadetheemotionalEveloseherlastlineofprotectionandcouldn’twaittoeatthefruit.What'smore,Satanwasalsoemotional。

Forexample,whenhefoundoutAdamandEvewereinlove,hewasmovedbytheirpurefeelings。

Andhewouldburstintotearsatthesightofthesufferingofhisfollowers.Afterreadingthisepic,wecouldalsosensethatSatanhadthedreamtosharehappinessandtearstogetherwithhisbelovedfollowers.

3。

2SataninParadiseLost

JohnMiltonwasagreatpoet,thinkerandpoliticalcommentatorofEnglandinthe17thcentury。

HismasterpieceParadiseLostwasalongepicwith12books,writteninblankverse。

ThesestoriesweretakenfromtheOldTestament，suchasthemakingoftheearth，thelovestoriesbetweenAdamandEve,thefallenangelsinhellplottingagainstGod,Satan’stemptationofEve，andtheleasingofAdamandEvefromEden。

AlthoughSatanandhisadherentsweredrivenoutofheavenintohell，Satanandhisfollowerswerenotdiscouraged。

Themiserablepunishment，insteadofrubbingofftheirwill,makesthemmuchangrier。

ThepurposeofthispoemwastotellpeopletojustifythemannerofGodtowardspeople。

ThisoutstandingworkwastheproductofPuritanism,whichhasshownMilton’sownwillandbeliefsoffreedom。

SataninhismasterpiecewasnotthesameastheoneintheBibleandotherbooks。

InParadiseLost，Satanwasanindependentimagewhichcanbestudiedandbediscussedfromadifferentpersp