新视野大学英语2综合训练15选10总结.docx

新视野大学英语2综合训练15选10总结.docx

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新视野大学英语2综合训练15选10总结

【综合训练15选10】

【U10】

Skillful熟练的，巧妙的

occurred发生

appropriate适当的，占用

managed管理，负责

satisfactory满意的，符合要求的

conducted管理，引导

threat威胁，恐吓

attempted企图的

hazard危险，冒险

succeed成功，继任

competitions比赛，竞争

approached接近

conflict冲突，矛盾

applied应用，实施

existed生存，存在

Isitpossibletopersuademankindtolivewithoutwar？

Warisanancientinstitution，whichhasexistedforatleastsixthousandyears.Itwasalwaysbadandusuallyfoolish，butinthepasthumanracemanagedtolivewithit.Forthepresent，itisatomicbombsthatcausethemostseriousdanger，butbacteriologicalorchemicalweaponsmay，beforelong，offeranevengreaterthreat.Itseemstahtwewillneversucceedingettingridofwar.Todothis，weneedtopersuademankindtolookuponinternationalquestionsinanewway，notascompetitionsofforce.Attitudesmustbechangedsothatvictoriesaren’tachievedbythesidewhichismostskillfulinkillingpeople，butaccordingtoagreedprinciplesoflaw.Itisnoteasytochangeveryoldmentalhabits，butthisiswhatmustbeattempted.

Nuclearwarmustbeavoid.Ofcourseverydifficultproblemsremainintheworld，butthespiritinwhichtheyarebeingapproachedisabetteronethanitwassomeyearsago.Ithasbeguntobethought，evenbythepowerfulmenwhodecidewhetherweshallliveordie，thatnegotiationsshouldreachagreementsevenifbothsidesdonotfindtheseagreementswhollysatisfactory.Ithasbeguntobeunderstoodthattheimportantconflictnowadayscanbesolvedthoughtalks.

【U9】

genius天才，天赋

hardship困难，苦难

genuine真实的

count计算，认为

discouraged劝阻，气馁的

converse交谈，相反的

encourages鼓励

pity怜悯，同情

deserve应受，应得

account解释，导致

fulfill履行，实现

contrary相反地

acquire获得，取得

while虽然，一会

but但是

Self-confidencegivesushope.Itisaservantwhogivesitsmasterlightwhenheisinthedark.Anditisencouragementwhenapersonisdiscouraged.Apersonisafoolifhethinksthatheisunabletocarryoutadifficulttaskwhileothersdonotfinditdifficult.Itisneithergeniusnorextraordinaryabilitythatgivesusthepowertodealwithandovercomewhateverhardshipwemeet.Intruthitisthemagicofself-trustthatencouragesuswithbravery.

Somepeoplefindmostthingsimpossiblebecausetheydonottrusttheirownability.Actually,theyhavetheabilitytomakethemselvessuccessful,butitisapitythattheydonotbelieveinthemselves.Peopleofthiskindaremorefoolishthanthosewhoactuallycannotfulfillthework.Thisisonaccountoftheirignorance.Peoplewhocan’tdoajobarepardonable,butthosewhodonotbelieveinthemselvesdeservenoexcuse.Inshort,successwillnotcometothedoorofapersonwhothinksheisnotworthyenoughtoacceptit.Onthecontrary,failurewouldbehislifecompanion.Thisiswhyapersonoughttobelieveinhimself.

【U8】

powerful

render

limit

employment

dominant

appointment

removed

community

suffered

connection

eliminated

interaction

fustrated

disadvantage

provide

Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesbegan.Itmademanypeopledependentonpaidjobsbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople'shomes.Later,astransportimproved,firstbyrailthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemployment.Eventually,manypeople'sworklostall

connectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylived.

Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantageasmenandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Now,itbecomescustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamilytohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationslimitmoreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.

Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffersd.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewerenotincluded.Thisisaproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.

【U7】

stress

retire

demand

quit

challenge

employment

advantages

entertainment

benefits

financial

addition

superficial

conclusion

creative

relax

Workaholismcanbeaseriousproblem. Trueworkaholics（工作狂）wouldratherworkthandoanythingelseandtheyprobablydon'tknowhowtorelax.thatis,theymightnotenjoymovies,sports,orothertypesofentertainment.Mostofall,theyhatetositanddonothing.Thelivesofworkaholicsareusuallystressful,andthistensionandworrycancausehealthproblemssuchasheartattacksorstomachulcers.Inaddition,typicalworkaholicsdon'tpaymuchattentiontotheirfamilies.Theyspendlittletimewiththeirchildren,andtheirmarriagesmayendindivorce.

Isworkaholismalwaysdangerous?

Perhapsnot.Thereare,certainly, peoplewhoworkwellunderstress.Somestudiesshowthatmanyworkaholicshavegreatenergyandinterestinlife.Theirworkissopleasurablethattheyareactuallyveryhappy. Formostworkaholics,workandentertainmentarethethesamethings.Theirjobsprovidethemwithachallenge.Thiskeepsthembusyandcreative.Otherpeopleretirefromworkatagesix-five.Workaholics,ontheotherhand,usuallyprefernottoquitworking.Theyarestillenthusiasticaboutwork-andlife-intheireightiesandnineties.

Whydoworkaholicsenjoytheirjobssomuch?

Thereareseveraladvantagestowork.Ofcourse,itprovidespeoplewithpaychecks,andthisisimportant.Butitoffersmorethanfinancialsecurity.Itprovidespeoplewithself-confidence;theyhaveafeelingofsatisfactionwhenthey'veproducedachallengingpieceofwork

.

【U6】

extending

until

suicide

directed

substituting

spreading

intentionally

informed

communicated

unless

pointing

consciously

meaning

accompanying

indicating

Someofthemoreobviousformsofnonverbalcommunicationaregestures.Althoughwemaythinkofthemasmainlyhandandarmmovements,gesturescanbecommunicatedbyotherpartsofthebodyaswell.Emblemsareonetypeofmovements.

Emblemsdonotneedspeechtocommunicatemeaning.Puttingthetipofanindexfingeronthetipofathumbupwiththeremainingfingerspointingupandspreadingoutisanexampleofanemblem.Thisrecognizedsignfor"OK"or"success"doesnotneedanyaccompanyingwordtoidentifyit.

Emblemsnotonlyservethesubstitutingroleinnonverbalcommunicationbuttheyalsohavedirecttranslation.Forexample,athumb-upsignmeans"yes"or"go".Acuppedhandbehindtheearmeans"Ican'thearyou."wedon'twalkaroundwithourthumbsuporahandcuppedbehindourear.Unlesswearesendinganonverbalmessagetosomeone.Thesemessagesareconsciouslysentandwemusttakeresponsibilityforthem.Nonverbalmessagesthathavedirecttranslationandexactmeaning,whicharedirectedataspecificreceiver,andconsciouslysent,areemblems.Emblemsarealsodifferentacrosscultures.IntheUnitedStates,pointingyourindexfingeratyourtemplewiththethumbuprightmeans"shootingyourselfinthehead".InJapan,anemblemdescribingsuicideispushingaclosedfistnearyourstomachtodescribetheplungeofaknifeinyourvitalorgans.

【U5】

specify

appointment

define

campaign

quit

applied

retire

claimed

kick

carriedout

ban

takein

forbid

embrace

interview

Jobseekersarediscoveringthatsmokingcanendangertheircareers.Newspaperclassifiedadvertisementsfrequentlyspecifythatemployersarelookingfor"nonsmokersonly."OneofthefirstquestionsaskedofthepersonwhoapplicantsforthejobatVanguardElectronicToolinRedmond,Washington,is"Doyousmoke?

"Iftheanswerisyes,theinterviewisover.Thatisperfectlylegal.Ontheotherhand,federallawsforbidanemployertodiscriminateonthebasisofrace,sex,religion,ormaritalstatus.

Manysmokersmaysecretlywelcomethecompany’scampaignagainstsmoking.,saysRobertRosner,executivedirectoroftheSeattle-basedSmokingPolicyInstitute,aconsultingfirmthatadvisescompaniesonhowtoformulatesmokingpolicies."Thefactismostsmokerswanttoquit."Manyofthemembracethenewcorporateactivismasanincentivetogiveuptobaccoonceandforall.AtRhodeIsland'sNewportDailyNews,itwasthesmokerswhovotedtobansmokingfromtheworkplaces.

Moreandmorecompanieshavecarriedoutrestrictionsonsmoking.Thesecompaniesareattemptingtohelptheiremployeeskickthehabit.BMCSoftware,aTexascompanythatprohibitssmokingonthejob,hassentemployeestoanti-smokinghypnosissessions.Thefivesessionscostemployees$30,butiftheystayoffcigarettesforfourmonths,themoneywillberefunded.

【U4】

acquire

signaled

obtain

recognition

fulfill

conflicts

compare

encounters

match

close

denied

available

granted

appropriate

admitted

Oneofthemoreimportantcommunicativetasksmayconfrontatraveler.Thatistherecognitionofwhenaspeakerhassaid"no."Thatis,oneneedstobeabletorecognizethatarespondenthasrefusedordeniedwhatthespeakerhasdemanded,solicited,oroffered.Equally,oneneedstoacquiretheappropriatemannerinwhichtorespondinthenegativewhenoffered,solicited,ordemandedsomething.Itisgrantedthatitissometimesdifficulttorecognizearefusalinone'smothertonguewheretheanswermightbeunclear.However,inmanyencountersthemeaningcanbemadeclear.Thisispossibleifoneknowshowtoreadtheappropriatesignals.

Afirsttaskforthevisitorabroadistodiscoverwhichformsareusedtofulfillthisfunction.Ifwecompareformandfunctionacr