自考汉语言本科00015英语二讲义Unit 12 A Break from Life1205.docx

自考汉语言本科00015英语二讲义Unit 12 A Break from Life1205.docx

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自考汉语言本科00015英语二讲义Unit12ABreakfromLife1205

II.TextLearning

Self-EsteemandBodyImage

1I'mfat.I'mtooskinny.I'dbehappyifIweretaller,shorter,hadcurly

hair,straighthair,asmallernose,,biggermuscles,longerlegs.

2Doanyofthesestatementssoundfamiliar?

（承上句）Areyouusedtoputting

yourselfdown?

Ifso,you'renotalone.Asateen,you'regoingthroughatonof

changes（大量的变化）inyourbody.Andasyourbodychanges,sodoesyourimageof

yourself.Lotsofpeoplehavetroubleadjusting,andthiscanaffecttheir

self-esteem.

3WhyAreSelf-EsteemandBodyImageImportant?

Self-esteemisallabouthowmuchpeoplevaluethemselves,thepridetheyfeel

inthemselves,andhowworthwhiletheyfeel.Self-esteemisimportantbecause

feelinggoodaboutyourselfcanaffecthowyouact.Apersonwhohashigh

self-esteemwillmakefriendseasily,ismoreincontrolofhisorherbehavior,

andwillenjoylifemore.

Bodyimageishowsomeonefeelsabouthisorherownphysicalappearance.For

manypeople,especiallythoseintheirearlyteens,bodyimagecanbeclosely

linkedtoself-esteem.That'sbecauseaskidsdevelopintoteens,theycaremore

abouthowothersseethem.（承上句）

4WhatInfluencesaPerson'sSelf-Esteem?

Puberty

Someteensstrugglewiththeirself-esteemwhentheybeginpubertybecausethe

bodygoesthroughmanychanges.

（1）Thesechanges,combinedwithanaturaldesire

tofeelaccepted,meanitcanbetemptingforpeopletocomparethemselveswith

others.Theymaycomparethemselveswiththepeoplearoundthemorwithactors

andcelebstheyseeonTV,inmovies,orinmagazines.

本部分重点及难点：

显示重难点解析

1.Thesechanges,combinedwithanaturaldesiretofeelaccepted,meanitcan

betemptingforpeopletocomparethemselveswithothers.

（1）naturaldesire

天生的欲望

（2）itcanbetempting（吸引人的，诱惑人的）forpeopletocomparethemselveswith

others中it是形式主语，真正的主语是forpeopletocomparethemselveswithothers,for

people作不定式的逻辑主语。

注意不定式和动名词逻辑主语的选择It'sselfishofyoutothinkofyourselfallthe

time（你老是想着自己）.It'simportantforyoutomasteraforeignlanguage（你掌握一门外语）.It's

+adj.+ofsb.todosth.此类形容词包括：

nice,kind,cruel,selfish,selfless,brave,

wise,foolish,stupid等。

Doyoumindmy/me/Tom's/Tomopeningthe

window（我/汤姆开窗）?

His/Tom'shavinglefthome（他/汤姆离家出走）madehisparentsverysad.

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】24.It'sessential______tokeepadictionaryat

handwhileyouarereadinganEnglishnovel.A．thatyouB．yourC．ofyouD．for

you【答案】D【解析】本题考查不定式的逻辑主语。

形容词essential不是表示人的品质、行为的词，故选择foryou而不是of

you。

如果选择A应该把题干中空格后的to去掉，即essential后接用虚拟语气的从句。

【知识点】不定式的逻辑主语

（2）Butit'simpossibletomeasureourselvesagainstothersbecausethechanges

thatcomewithpubertyaredifferentforeveryone.（承上启下句、主题句）Somepeoplestart

developingearly;othersarelatebloomers.Somegetatemporarylayeroffatto

prepareforagrowthspurt（急剧增长）;othersfilloutpermanently,andstillothers

feelliketheystayskinnynomatterhowmuchtheyeat.（3）Italldependsonhow

ourgeneshaveprogrammedourbodiestoact.（承上总结句）

Thechangesthatcomewithpubertycanaffecthowbothgirlsandguysfeelabout

themselves.Somegirlsmayfeeluncomfortableorembarrassedabouttheir

maturingbodies.Othersmaywishthattheyweredevelopingfaster.Girlsmay

feetpressuretobethinbutguysmayfeelliketheydon'tlookbigormuscular

enough.

本部分重点及难点：

显示重难点解析

2.Butit'simpossibletomeasureourselvesagainstothersbecausethechanges

thatcomewithpubertyaredifferentforeveryone.measureoneselfagainst...

对照……评价自己，一较高下，与……较量3.Italldependsonhowourgeneshaveprogrammedourbodies

toact.

（1）dependon取决于Itdepends.看情况吧。

（2）program使按预定的步骤进行ourgeneshave

programmedourbodiestoact我们的基因已经设定好了身体将如何成长

OutsideInfluences

It'snotjustdevelopmentthataffectsself-esteem,though.Manyotherfactors

（likemediaimagesofskinnygirlsandbulked-upguys）canaffectaperson's

bodyimagetoo.

Familylifecansometimesinfluenceself-esteem.Someparentsspendmoretime

criticizingtheirkidsandthewaytheylookthanpraisingthem,whichcan

reducekids'abilitytodevelopgoodself-esteem.

Peoplealsomayexperiencenegativecommentsandhurtfulteasingabouttheway

theylookfromclassmatesandpeers.Sometimesracialandethnicprejudiceis

thesourceofsuchcomments.Althoughtheseoftencomefromignorance,sometimes

theycanaffectsomeone'sbodyimageandself-esteem.

5HealthySelf-Esteem

Ifyouhaveapositivebodyimage,youprobablylikeandacceptyourselftheway

youare.Thishealthyattitudeallowsyoutoexploreotheraspectsofgrowing

up,suchasdevelopinggoodfriendships,growingmoreindependentfromyour

parents,andchallengingyourselfphysicallyandmentally.Developingthese

partsofyourselfcanhelpboostyourself-esteem.

Apositive,optimisticattitudecanhelppeopledevelopstrongself-esteem.For

example,saying,"Hey,I'mhuman"insteadof"Wow,I'msuchaloser"whenyou've

madeamistake,ornotblamingotherswhenthingsdon'tgoasexpected.

Knowingwhatmakesyouhappyandhowtomeetyourgoalscanhelpyoufeel

capable,strong,andincontrolofyourlife.Apositiveattitudeandahealthy

lifestyle（suchasexercisingandeatingright）areagreatcombinationfor

buildinggoodself-esteem.

6TipsforImprovingYourBodyImage

Somepeoplethinktheyneedtochangehowtheylookoracttofeelgoodabout

themselves.Butactuallyallyouneedtodoischangethewayyouseeyourbody

andhowyouthinkaboutyourself.

Thefirstthingtodoisrecognizethatyourbodyisyourown,nomatterwhat

shape,size,orcoloritcomesin.Ifyou'reveryworriedaboutyourweightor

size,checkwithyourdoctortoverifythatthingsareOK.Butit'snoone's

businessbutyourownwhatyourbodyislike.Ultimately,youhavetobehappy

withyourself.

Next,identifywhichaspectsofyourappearanceyoucanrealisticallychangeand

whichyoucan't.Everyone（eventhemostperfect-seeming（表面上）celeb）hasthings

aboutthemselvesthattheycan'tchangeandneedtoaccept,liketheirheight,

forexample,ortheirshoesize.

（4）Iftherearethingsaboutyourselfthatyouwanttochangeandcan（suchas

howfityouare）,dothisbymakinggoalsforyourself.Forexample,ifyouwant

togetfit,makeaplantoexerciseeverydayandeatnutritiousfoods.Then

keeptrackofyourprogressuntilyoureachyourgoal.Meetingachallengeyou

setforyourselfisagreatwaytoboostself-esteem!

本部分重点及难点

显示重难点解析

4.Iftherearethingsaboutyourselfthatyouwanttochangeandcan（suchas

howfityouare）,dothisbymakinggoalsforyourself.　dosth.foroneself　Good

studentsshouldlearntothinkforthemselves.　dosth.byoneself　Becausethere

wasnobodyelse,hehadtodoitbyhimself.　livetooneself　Heboughtahouse

nearhiswidowedmother'sbecausehedidn'twanthertolivetoherself.

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】25.Youareover18now,sotrytocarryoutthetask

______oneself.Thatis,pleasetrytodoit_______.A．by,independentB．for,

independentlyC．to,dependentlyD．in,dependently【答案】B【解析】本题考查for/to/by

oneself及dependently/independently。

for

oneself相当于independently，强调主观能动性，意为"独立地"；by

oneself相当于alone，强调客观含义，意为"独自地"。

故本题选择B，句意为"你已经超过18岁了，所以尽量独立完成这样任务。

也就是说，请独立做这件事。

"【知识点】for

/to/byoneself及dependently/independently