从习语中看翻译和文化的关系以及影响文化的因素模板.docx

从习语中看翻译和文化的关系以及影响文化的因素模板.docx

《从习语中看翻译和文化的关系以及影响文化的因素模板.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《从习语中看翻译和文化的关系以及影响文化的因素模板.docx（17页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

从习语中看翻译和文化的关系以及影响文化的因素模板

从习语中看翻译和文化的关系以及影响文化的因素

TheRelationbetweenTranslationandCulturefromtheAspectofIdiomsandtheFactorswhichInfluencetheCulture

Acknowledgments

ThisthesisconcludesmypostgraduatestudyinHenanNormalUniversity.IwouldliketoexpressmysincereappreciationtotheprofessorsintheCollegeofForeignLanguage,whoseprecisenessandstrictnesssetagoodexampleformeinthefutureacademiccareer.Ifeltgratitudeespeciallygoestomysupervisor,GuoYingzhen,whoseilluminatinginstructionandendlessassistancehavegreatlyconducedtotheacplishmentofthisthesis.

I’malsoverygratefultotheteacherswhohavetaughtmeinvariouswaysduringthecourseofmystudyforthebachelor’swouldliketothankProfessorGuoYingzhenandotherprofessorsintheFaultyofForeigninstitutionwhoinspiredmealot.

   Lastbutnotleast,Icontributethisarticletomydearfamilyfortheirhelpduringmycollegelife.

摘要

   翻译是一个复杂的过程,对于文化翻译尤其如此。

一般来说,翻译涉及语言以及文化。

译者应该知道外国文化以及文化自己的人民。

此外,译者应连续比较两种文化之间的等价获得意义。

翻译的主要任务是翻译源语言到目标语言。

如何消除不同文化之间的语言障碍,如何传达源语言的意义的重点到底是不同国家的人。

本文说明了不同文化的影响已经在翻译。

文能从不同的方面分析:

如思维的差异,心理学的文化之间的差异,不同的宗教、环境和生活环境不同的人,等等。

   翻译是一个复杂的过程,它是关于文化翻译尤其如此。

一般来说,翻译涉及语言以及文化。

译者应该知道外国文化以及文化自己的人民。

此外,译者应连续比较两种文化之间的等价获得意义。

翻译的主要任务是翻译源语言到目标语言。

如何消除不同文化之间的语言障碍,如何传达源语言的意义。

本文说明了不同文化的影响已经在翻译。

文能从不同的方面分析:

如思维的差异,心理学的文化之间的差异,不同的宗教、环境和生活环境不同的人,等等。

                            关键字：

翻译；文化意识；文化和思维；文化差别；习语

Abstract

 Translationisaplexprocess,especiallywhenwetranslatetheculturaltext.Generallyspeaking,translationinvolveslanguageaswellasculture.Atranslatorshouldknowforeigncultureaswellasthecultureofhisownpeople.Moreover,atranslatorshouldmakecontinuousparisonsbetweenthetwoculturesforgettingtheequivalencemeaning.ThemajortaskoftranslationistotranslatethesourcelanguagetothetargetlanguageHowtogetridofthelanguagebarrierbetweendifferentculture,howtoconveythemeaningofthesourcelanguageexactlyisthefocusofthepeopleindifferentcountries.Thisthesisillustratetheinfluencesofdifferentcultureshaveupontranslation.Wencananalysisitfromdifferentaspects:

suchasthedifferenceofthinking,thepsychologyofculture,thedifferencebetweendifferentreligion,theenvironmentandlivingsurroundingsofdifferentpeople,andsoon.

KeyWords:

translation;theconsciousnessofculture;cultureandthinking;culturaldifference;idioms

TableofContents 

Acknowledgments I

摘要 

Abstract III

TableofContents IV

Introduction 1

PARTONETHECONCEPTOFTRANSLATIONANDCULTURE 2

Theconceptoftranslation 3

Theconceptofculture 5

PARTTWOTHEFACTORSWHICHINFLUENCECULTURE 7

Religion 7

Thepsychologyofculture 8

Thewayofthinking 9

differentwaysoflife 10

Geographicalenvironment 14

Geographicalenvironment 15

PARTTHREEBETWEENCULTUREANDTRANSLATION 16

CONSLUSIONS 18

Bibliography 19 

Introduction

Thisarticlecontainstheconceptoftranslationandtheconceptofaimoftranslationistomakingmunication.Human’ssocialdevelopmentandprocessneedtranslationandhuman’ssocialdevelopmentandprogressshouldmakemunicationbetweendifferentnations,andduringtheprocessofmunication,translationisindispensable.Translation,asanculturalphenomenon,thinkingactivity,relatedtotheeraandsocialbackgroundallinistorenderthemeaningofatextintoanotherlanguageinthewaytheauthorintendedthetext.Translationisanartthatinvolvesthere-creationofaworkinanotherlanguageforreaderswithadifferentbackground.Cultureisaverybroadconcept,togiveitarigorousandprecisedefinitionisaverydifficultthing.Manyphilosophers,sociologists,anthropologists,historiansandlinguistshavebeentryingtodefinetheconceptofculturefromtheperspectiveoftherespectivediscipline.However,sofaritstillhasnothavearecognizedandsatisfactorytostatistics,about“culture”atleast,ithasmorethantwohundredkindsofdifferentdefinition.Broadlyspeaking,cultureisasocialphenomenon,whichisthecreationoftheproductsforalongtime.Butitisalsoakindofhistoricalphenomenonandisthesocialhistory,culturereferstoastateornationalhistory,geography,localconditionsandcustoms,traditions,lifestyles,literatureandart,behaviorstandards,wayofthinking,values,etc.Whenwetranslatesomething,thebackgroundofthecultureandthebackgroundofhistoryshouldbeconsidered.Therelationbetweencultureandtranslationisverycloseinagreatextent.Inthiscontext,weanalysisthisproblemfromdifferentaspects:

thewayofthinking,thepsychologyofthinking,andthecustomsandhabitsindifferentnations.Ifthebackgroundofcultureandhistoryisignored,thetrulymeaningofthecontextwillbelost.

 PARTONETHECONCEPTOFTRANSLATIONANDCULTURE

OnelinguistinChinahassaid:

“whatisthemostdifficultthingduringtheprocessoftranslation,itisthedifferencesbetweentwocultures.”Nidahasmentionedthistoo:

“translationisthemunicationbetweentwodifferentcultures.”Andwecannotignoretheimportanceofthebackgroundofcultureandthebackgroundofhistoryifwewanttotranslateapieceoftextwhichcontainstheinformationaboutcultureorsomethingtranslatingsomething,masteringtheknowledgeofcultureandhistoryisindispensable.Therearetoomuchfactorswhichcaninfluencethecultureofthesourcelanguage. 

 ZhuGuangqian,onewriterinmoderntimes,thinkstheassociatemeaningisthemostdifficultthingwhenwetranslateonelanguageintoanotherlanguage.Becauseinthedictionaryyoucannotfindthetrulymeaningunderacertaincontext. 

Butforliterarystudy,itisoneimportantfactoryoucannotignore.Thisrequiresustoknowthecustomandhabitofthecountrywewanttotranslatethelanguageofit.Orwewillfindwedonotknowhowtotranslatewhenwearegivenapieceoftext.Wecantakeapoemasanexample.Forexamplethepoem:

       《静夜思》“窗前明月光，疑是地上霜。

举头望明月。

低头思故乡。

”

UsingEnglish,wecannotconveytheessenceofthispoemwithoutthebackgroundofoldChineseandthethoughtwhentheauthorwritethispoem.Andtherearesomanyversionsofit.Forinstance:

（1）Inthestillofthenight:

Idescrybrightmoonlightinfrontofmybed.Isuspectittobehoaryfrostonthefloor.Iwatchthebrightmoon,asItilebackmyhead.Yearn,whilestooping,formyhomelandmore. 

（2）Atranquilnight:

beforemybedIseeasilverlight,Ithinkthegroundiscoveredwithhoarfrost.Raisingmyhead,Ifindthefullmoonbright;andbowingdown,inthoughtofhomeI’mlost.Andtherearelotsofotherversionstranslatedbyothertranslators.Nomatterwhichversion,theemotionoftheauthormustbeconsidered,ortheywillruintheessenceofthepoem.Tyler,oneanthropologistinEngland,whosebookprimitivecultureraisestheconceptofcultureanddescribesitas“cultureisakindofplexabilitiesandhabits,whichincludesknowledge,faith,art,moral,lawandcustom”.Thuswecanknowthewidecoverageofculture,itisaplexsystem.Language,asaponentofculture,reflectthephenomenonofaresourcefulculture. 

Translationissodifficultaslanguagereflecttheculture,whichconveystomuchculturalcontentandlimitedbyculture.Oncelanguageenteredthehuman’slifeasatoolofmunication,theproblemofculturalconnotationandtheabilityofexpresssomethingwillarise.Thisnotonlyrequiresthetranslatormastertheknowledgeofbilingualabilitybutmultilingualability,especiallytheymustknowtheconsciousnessoftwodifferentculture,religiouscultureandthegeographicfeatures,thehistoricalcustomsandtraditions,theprocessofformingculture,etc.Forthesefactors,thelanguageculturesofdifferentnationsreflecttheirownnationalfeaturesandthebackgroundofthenation.

Theconceptoftranslation

Therearemanydifferentdefinitionsoftranslation,inTheOxfordEnglishDictionaryitmeans“toturnfromonelanguageintoanother”.Orrecreatingaccordingtheoriginaltext.Webster’sThirdNewInternationalDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagegivesusthedefinitionoftranslationis“toturnintoone’sownoranotherlanguage”.WhilethedefinitioninColumbiaEncyclopediaisthattranslationistheartofreposingaworkinanotherlanguagewithoutlosingitsoriginalflavor.“Translationisthereplacementoftextualmaterialinonelanguagebyequivalenttextualinanotherlanguage.（,1994）”.“Translationconsistsinreproducinginthereceptorlanguagetheclosestnaturalequivalentofthesourcelanguagemessage,firstintermsofmeaningandsecondlyintermsofstyle.（EugeneNida,1969）”.Translationisanoldandyoungwork,whicheintoexistsincetheoldtimesanditbeessohotinmoderntimes. 

Translationistheneedofhuman’sdevelopmentandprogress.Theconceptoftranslationcanbedefinedfromtwoaspects:

broadsenseandnarrowsense.Generalizedtranslationreferstothelanguageandthelanguage,languagevariationandlanguagevariants,suchaslanguageandnonverbalcodeconversionwhichconveythebasicinformation.Extensionoftheconceptisquitebroad,includinghistranslationbetweendifferentlanguages,translationbetweenlanguagevariation,languageandothersymbolsofthemunicationconversion,etc.Thecontentsoftranslationrulesonlyemphasizesthe“basicinformation”,doesnotemphasize“pletelyloyal”.Sometranslationtheoristsputforwardtheunderstandingandtranslationtheory,sothelanguageandthinkingarealsoincludedinthegeneraltranslation. 

Narrowsensetranslationisalinguisticactivity,whichisakindoflanguagetoexpressthecontentofthefaithfullyexpressedinanotherlanguage.Thisdefinitionemphasizes“translationisalanguageactivity”.Thenatureoftranslationdeterminesthe