热点09 智力水平的发展的历程解析版备战中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练.docx

热点09 智力水平的发展的历程解析版备战中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练.docx

《热点09 智力水平的发展的历程解析版备战中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《热点09 智力水平的发展的历程解析版备战中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练.docx（19页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

热点09智力水平的发展的历程解析版备战中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练

备战2021年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练

热点09智力水平的发展的历程

一、阅读问答

Athree-year-oldhasbeendubbedBritain’sbrainiestchildwithanIQof171makingher“smarterthanEinstein”,whohadanIQof160.

OpheliaMorgan-Dew,ofRoss-on-Wye,Herefordshirespokeherfirstword“hiya”whichhadtwosyllablesateightmonthsandquicklylearnednumbers,coloursandthealphabet.ShecanevenrememberthingsthathappenedbeforeshewasONE-mostadultshavenomemoriesbeforetheageofthree.

HermumNatalierealizedshewasbrightandtookhertoexpertswhohavegivenheranIQscore-of171,whichishigherthanArnavSharma,11,（162）,andRahulDoshi,12,（162）previouslyhailedasBritain’scleverestkids.

OpheliaisnowBritain’syoungestmemberofMENSAandissaidtohavetheintellectualcapacityofachildmorethantwiceherage.Sheisnowinthetop0.03percentofthepopulationintermsofbrainpower.

阅读短文，回答问题

1.WhohasanIQof171?

_____________________________________________________________

2.Wheredoesshecomefrom?

_____________________________________________________________

【答案】

1.OpheliaMorgan-Dew.

2.Ross-on-Wye，Herefordshire.

【解析】本文介绍了来自赫里福德郡罗斯河畔的奥菲莉亚·摩根-露被评为英国最聪明的孩子，她的智商为171，比智商160的爱因斯坦还要聪明。

1.根据OpheliaMorgan-Dew,ofRoss-on-Wye,Herefordshirespokeherfirstword“hiya”whichhadtwosyllablesateightmonthsandquicklylearnednumbers,coloursandthealphabet.可知，OpheliaMorgan-Dew的智商是171，故此处为：

OpheliaMorgan-Dew.

2.根据OpheliaMorgan-Dew,ofRoss-on-Wye,Herefordshirespokeherfirstword“hiya”whichhadtwosyllablesateightmonthsandquicklylearnednumbers,coloursandthealphabet.可知，她来自赫里福德郡罗斯河畔，故此处为：

Ross-on-Wye，Herefordshire.

二、阅读理解

1

AteamofUSpsychologists（心理学家）havefoundthattalkingtoanotherpersonfortenminutesadayhelpswithmemory.

“Socializing（交际）isjustaseffectiveasmoretraditionalkindsofmentalexerciseinboostingmemoryandintellectual（智力的）performance,”OscarYbarra,apsychologistattheUniversityofMichiganInstituteforSocialResearch,saidinastatement.

Inoneinvestigation,theyanalyzeddataon3610people,aged24to96.

Theyfoundthatthehighertheirlevelofsocialinteraction（交流）,thebettertheircognitive（认知的）functioning.Socialinteractionincludesgettingtogetherorhavingphonechatswithrelatives,friendsandneighbors.

Inanotherexperiment,theresearchersconductedlaboratorytestson76collegestudents,aged18to21,toevaluate（评估）howsocialinteractionsandintellectualexercisesaffectedtheresultsofmemoryandmentalperformancetests.

Thestudentsweredividedintothreegroups:

thesocialinteractiongrouphadadiscussionofasocialissuefor10minutesbeforetakingthetests;theintellectualactivitiesgroupcompletedthreetasks（includingareadingcomprehensionexerciseandacrosswordpuzzle）beforethetests;andacontrolgroup（对照组）watcheda10-minuteclip（电影片段）oftheSeinfeldtelevisionshow.

“Wefoundthatshort-termsocialinteractionlastingforjust10minutesimprovedparticipants’（参与者）intellectualperformanceasmuchasengagingin（从事）so-called‘intellectual’activitiesforthesameamountoftime,”Ybarrasaid.

ThestudywasexpectedtobepublishedintheFebruaryissueofthejournalPersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boosting”inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?

A.Improving.B.Reducing.

C.Preventing.D.Training.

4.Whichisnotincludedinsocialinteraction?

A.Havingatalkwithaneighbor.

B.Attendingabirthdayparty.

C.WatchingTVathomealone.

D.Callingyourclassmates.

5.What’sthepurposeoftheexperimenton76collegestudents?

A.Tojudgetheeffectofsocialinteractiononmemoryandintelligence.

B.Tofindoutwhatisrealsocialinteraction.

C.Tolearnhowmuchtimeisneededforsocialinteraction.

D.Toshowthefunctionofpeople'scognition.

6.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Intellectualexercisesmakeyourmemorybetter.

B.Differentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofcommunication.

C.Communicatingwithotherskeepsyouhealthy.

D.Socialinteractionmakesyousmart.

【答案】3.A4.C5.A6.D

【解析】试题分析：

美国心理学家近日发现，每天与人交谈十分钟能够提高记忆力。

社会交往与传统的思维训练方式对于提高记忆力和智力表现具有同样效果。

，社会交往越多的人认知表现越好。

聚会、与亲戚、朋友或邻居进行电话交谈都属于社会交往范畴。

3.词意猜测题。

由第一段talkingtoanotherpersonfortenminutesadayhelpswithmemory.可推断出，每天与人交谈十分钟能够提高记忆力。

故答案为A。

4.细节理解题。

由第四段第二句话Socialinteractionincludesgettingtogetherorhavingphonechatswithrelatives,friendsandneighbors.可知，聚会、与亲戚、朋友或邻居进行电话交谈都属于社会交往范畴。

故答案为C。

5.细节理解题。

由第五段第二行可知toevaluatehowsocialinteractionsandintellectualexercisesaffectedtheresultsofmemoryandmentalperformancetests.可知，以了解社会交往与智力训练是如何影响他们的记忆效果及智力测试结果的。

答案为A。

6.主旨大意题。

根据第一段和第二段第一句话Socializingisjustaseffectiveasmoretraditionalkindsofmentalexerciseinboostingmemoryandintellectualperformance,"可知。

答案为D。

2

“Growingup,Einsteinsawhisfatherstruggletosupportthefamilyandmovethefamilyfordifferentjobs,Einsteinhadtomovebetweenschoolsanditwaschallengingforhimtocatchupwithhisnewclass.”

Thisstoryaboutthestruggles（f+）offamousscientistscan'tbefoundinyoursciencetextbook,butanewstudysuggestedmaybeitshouldbe.

Inthestudy,4029th-and10th-gradestudentsfromfourNewYorkCityhighschoolsinlow-incomeareasweredividedintothreegroups.Thestudentsreadsome800-wordstoriesaboutAlbertEinsteinandMarieCurie.Thecontrolgroupreadaregularsciencetextbookdescriptionabouttheirgreatachievements.Anothergroupreadaboutthescientists'personalstruggles,likeEinstein'srunningawayfromNaziGermany.Thethirdgroupreadaboutthescientists'intellectualstruggles,astheytrieddifferentexperiments---andfailed.

Asitturnedout.thestudentswhohadreadaboutscientists'struggles,whetherpersonalorintellectual,hadhighergradesthanstudentswhohadreadaboutachievements.Thosewhoweren’tgettinggoodgradestobeginwithgainedthemost.Thoseinthecontrolgroupnotonlydidn'tseeagradeincrease,theyhadlowergradesthanthegradingbeforethestudybegan.

“Wethinkthatstrugglestoriesshowedscientists'weaknesses.”theresearcherswrite,“whichcreatesasenseofconnectionbetweenthestudentsandscientists.Andthatmaymakeiteasierforstudentstoseethemasrolemodels.”

“WhenkidsthinkEinsteinisatalentwhoisuntouchable,thentheybelievetheywillnevergetthere,"saidleadresearcherXiaodongLin-Siegler,PhD.Ifwewanttoeducateafuturegenerationofgreatscientists,wecanstartbychangingthewaywetalkaboutthegreatscientistsofthepast.An800-wordstoryaboutscientists’failures,notjusttheirachievements,insciencetextbookswillmakeithappen.

7.Whatdoesthearticlemainlytalkabout?

A.Learningaboutstrugglesofscientistsmayhelpstudentssucceedinscience.

B.Readingstoriesofscientists'achievementswillhelpeducatefuturescientists.

C.Sciencetextbooksshoulddescribescientistsfailuresinsteadoftheirachievements.

D.Storiesofscientists'strugglesmaymakestudentsseescientistsasbeinguntouchable.

8.FromParagraph4,wecanknowthat.

A.thosegoodatscienceachievedmostfromthisexercise

B.thecontrolgrouphadlowergradesthantheothertwogroups

C.thestudents'gradesinthecontrolgroupremainedthesame

D.thestudentsinthethirdgrouphadthehighestgrades

9.What'sthemainideaforParagraphs5and6?

A.Findingsofthestudy

B.Explanationsfromtheresearchers

C.Processofthestud

D.Suggestionsfromtheresearchers

10.Inthestudy,whichofthefollowingwouldthethirdgroupprobablyread?

A.Einsteinwonmanyawardsinhislife,includingthe1921NobelPrizeinphysics.

B.GoingtocollegewashardforCuriebecauseatthattimewomenwerenotallowedtoattendschool.So,Curiehadtostudyatsecretclasses.

C.Bythetimeshereachedcollege,Curiewasabletounderstandfivelanguagesthattopscientistsspokeatthattime.

D.Oftenworkinghourafterhouranddayafterday.Curiedevotedherselftosolvingchallengingproblemsandlearningfromhermistakes.

【答案】7.A8.B9.B10.D

【解析】短文大意：

本文通过对来自纽约市低收入地区四所高中的九年级和十年级学生的分组研究，科学家得出结论：

读过科学家的奋斗经历的学生，无论是个人的还是智力的，都比读过科学家的成就的学生成绩要高。

所以，如果我们想培养下一代的伟大科学家，我们可以从改变我们谈论过去伟大科学家的方式开始。

7.题意：

这篇文章主要讲了什么?

考查文意理解题。

根据短文内容和主题句Ifwewanttoeducateafuturegenerationofgreatscientists,wecanstartbychangingthewaywetalkaboutthegreatscientistsofthepast.，可知了解科学家的奋斗可以帮助学生在科学上取得成功，故选A。

8.题意：

从第4段，我们可以知道。

考查细节理解题。

A.thosegoodatscienceachievedmostfromthisexercise那些擅长科学的人从这个练习中收获最多；根据Thosewhoweren’tgettinggoodgradestobeginwithgainedthemost.，可知说法错误。

B.thecontrolgrouphadlowergradesthantheothertwogroups对照组的成绩低于其他两组；根据Thoseinthecontrolgroupnotonlydidn'tseeagradeincrease,theyhadlowergradesthanthegradingbeforethestudybegan.，可知说法正确。

C.thestudents'gradesinthecontrolgroupremainedthesame对照组学生的成绩保持不变；根据Thoseinthecontrolgroupnotonlydidn'tseeagradeincrease,theyhadlowergradesthanthegradingbeforethestudybegan.，可知说法错误。

D.thestudentsinthethirdgrouphadthehighestgrades第三组的学生成绩最好；本段没有提及，可知说法错误。

综合以上分析，故选B。

9.题意：

第5和第6段的大意是什么?

考查段意理解题。

A.Findingsofthestudy研究结果；B.Explanationsfromtheresearchers研究人员的解释；C.Processofthestud螺柱加工；D.Suggestionsfromtheresearchers研究人员的建议。

根据5和6段内容，可知是研究人员和首席研究员林晓东博士的解释，故选B。

10.题意：

在这项研究中，第三组可能会读下面哪一个?

考查细节推断题。

A.Einsteinwonmanyawardsinhislife,includingthe1921NobelPrizeinphysics.爱因斯坦一生中获得过许多奖项，包括1921年的诺贝尔物理学奖。

B.GoingtocollegewashardforCuriebecauseatthattimewomenwerenotallowedtoattendschool.So,Curiehadtostudyatsecretclasses.上大学对居里夫人来说很困难，因为当时妇女不允许上学。

因此，居里夫人不得不在秘密班级学习。

C.Bythetimeshereachedcollege,Curiewasabletounderstan