英语阅读理解专项训练判断推理型.docx

英语阅读理解专项训练判断推理型.docx

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英语阅读理解专项训练判断推理型

2008年英语阅读理解专项训练---判断推理型

判断推理型１

这类题主要考查学生根据文章字面意思及语篇逻辑关系，从而看出细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等的能力。

判断推理题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。

做这类题时，应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理和判断。

提问整篇文章或某段某句的含蓄意思时，问句中一般都含有infer,imply,indicate,suggest（推断，暗指）等词。

对付这类题时不仅要弄懂文章的字面意思，还要知道其潜在的含义，和作者所给的提示，同时要对它们作合理的猜测。

考核考生对整个语篇进行推理分析的能力时，通常是以下列方式提出问题的：

1.FromParagraph4wecaninferthat______.

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

3.Wecaninferfromthetextthat…?

4.Whatcanwelearnfrom…?

5.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat______.

6.Wecanconcludethat... 

7.Thelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthat______.

8.Theauthorimpliesthat_______.

9.Thewritersuggeststhat... 

10.ByaskingaseriesofquestionsinPara5,theauthormainlyintendstoindicatethat________.

考核考生对作者观点、态度及语气、语调的理解时，常见的设问有：

1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkof...?

2.Howdoestheauthorfeelabout...?

3.What'sthetoneofthispassage?

4.Thepurposeinwritingthistextisto______.

5.Theauthorwritesthispassageto________.

6.Theauthorinthispassageintendsto_____.

7.Theauthor’sattitudetoward…is______?

解题技巧：

1）判断有据,推论有理,忠实原文。

切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意。

2）全面分析所有相关信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。

3）善于揣摩作者思路，尽可能与作者的思路吻合。

4）不可直接选取文中的原句。

Passage1

Aroundtheworldmoreandmorepeoplearetakingpartindangeroussportsandactivities.Ofcourse,therehavealwaysbeenpeoplewhohavelookedforadventure---thosewhohaveclimbedthehighestmountains,traveledintounknownpartsoftheworldorsailedinsmallboatsacrossthegreatestoceans.Now,however,therearepeoplewholookforanimmediateexcitementfromariskyactivity,whichmayonlylastafewminutesorevenseconds.Iwouldconsiderbungeejumping（蹦极跳）tobeagoodexampleofsuchanactivity.Youjumpfromahighplace（perhapsabridgeorahotairballoon）200metersabovethegroundwithanelastic（有弹性的）ropetiedtoyourankles.Youfallatupto150kilometersanhouruntiltheropestopsyoufromhittingtheground.Itissaidthatabout2millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavenowtriedbungeejumping.Otheractivitieswhichmostpeoplewouldsayasriskyasbungeejumpingincludejumpingfromtallbuildingsanddivingintotheseafromthetopofhighcliffs.Whydopeopletakepartinsuchactivitiesasthese?

Somepsychologists（心理学家）suggestthatitisbecauselifeinmodernsocietieshasbecomesafeandboring.Notverylongago,people'sliveswereconstantlyindanger.Theyhadtogooutandhuntforfood,diseasescouldnoteasilybecuredandlifewasacontinuousbattleforsurvival（生存）.

Nowadays,accordingtomanypeople,lifeofferslittleexcitement.Theyliveandworkincomparativelysafeconditions;theybuyfoodinshops;andtherearedoctorsandhospitalstolookafterthemiftheybecomeill.Theanswerforsomeofthesepeopleistolookfordangerinactivitiessuchasbungeejumping. 

1.Thewriterofthetexthasa____attitude（态度）towardsdangeroussports.

　A.positive（肯定的）　　B.negative（否定的）

　C.neutral（中立的）　D.nervous

C

Passage2

Sincemyretirement（退休）fromteachingmusicin2001,Ihavespentagooddealoftimepaintingasanartist.Iactuallybegandrawingagaininthesummerof1995whenmylatherdied.soperhapsIwastryingtorecoverfromthelossofmyfather,ormaybeitwasjustthatitbroughtbackmemoriesofhim.Inanycase,Idrewpenandinkanimalsandlandscapes（风景画）muchinfluenced（影响）byKrenkelandSt.Johnforfiveyears.

Forsomestrangereason,Ihadbeenwaitinguntilmyretirementtostartdoingwatercolorsagain,butassoonasIwalkedoutoftheschooldoorforthelasttimeIpickedupmybrushesandrediscoveredAndrewWyeth,whoquicklybecamemyfavoriteartist.IhadlookedthroughalltheartbooksIhadonmyshelvesandfoundhiswatercolorstobetheclosesttohowIthoughtgoodwatercolorsshouldlook.SoIpaintedlandscapesaroundMinnesotaforthreeyearsandtriedoutmanyothertypesofpainting.However,watercolorsremainedmyfirstchoice,andIthinkIdidmybestworkthere,showingmypaintingsatanumberofartexhibitions.

Artisnowtogetherwithmypianoplayingandreading.Thereisatimeforeverythinginmyworld,anditiswonderfultohavesometimedoingwhatIwanttodo.AsConfuciusoncesaid,"AtseventyIcanfollowmyheart'sdesire."

1.Wecaninferfromthetextthattheauthor ____.

A.hadbeentaughtbyKrenkelandSt.John

B.paintedlandscapesinMinnesotafor5years

C.believedWyethtobethebestinwatercolors

D.startedhisretirementlifeattheageofseventy

2.Howdoestheauthorprobablyfeelabouthislifeasanartist?

A.Veryenjoyable.                   B.Abitregretful.

C.Ratherbusy.                      D.Fairlydull.

CA

Passage3

Iwasthemiddlechildofthree,buttherewasagapoffiveyearsoneitherside,andIhardlysawmyfatherbeforeIwaseight.ForthisandotherreasonsIwassomewhatlonely.Ihadthelonelychild’shabitofmakingupstoriesandholdingconversationswithimaginarypersons,andIthinkfromtheverystartmyliteraryambitions（文学志向）weremixedupwiththefeelingofbeingisolated（孤独）andundervalued.IknewthatIhadanaturalabilitywithwordsandapoweroffacingunpleasantfacts,andIfeltthatthiscreatedasortofprivateworldinwhichIcouldgetmyownbackformyfailureineverydaylife.

   However,thequantityofseriouswritingwhichIproducedallthroughmychildhoodwouldnotadduptohalfadozenpages.Iwrotemyfirstpoemattheageoffourorfive,mymothertakingitdowntodictation.Icannotrememberanythingaboutitexceptthatitwasaboutatigerandthetigerhad“chair-liketeeth”-agoodenoughexpression.Ateleven,whenthewarof1914-18brokeout,Iwroteapoemwhichwasprintedinthelocal（地方的）newspaper,aswasanother,twoyearslater,onthedeathofKitchener.Fromtimetotime,whenIwasabitolder,Iwrotebadandusuallyunfinished“naturepoems”.Ialso,abouttwice,attemptedashortstorywhichwasafailure.Thatwasthetotalofthewould-beseriousworkthatIactuallysetdownonpaperduringallthoseyears.

1.Fromthetext,welearnthatasalittleboythewriter    .

   A.hadnoplaymates

   B.showedhisgiftforwriting

   C.putoutlotsofpoemsandstories

   D.gothisfirstpoempublishedin1916

2.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewriter?

   A.Hewasleastfavouredinhisfamily.

   B.Hehadmuchdifficultyintalkingwithothers.

   C.Hehadanunhappychildhoodforlackofcare.

   D.Hislonelinessresultedinhisinterestinwriting.

.B D 

Passage4

Iwas9yearsoldwhenIfoundoutmyfatherwasill.Itwas1994,butIcanremembermymother'swordsasifitwereyesterday:

“Kerrel,Idon'twantyoutotakefoodfromyourfather,becausehehasAIDS.Beverycarefulwhenyouarearoundhim.”

AIDSwasn'tsomethingwetalkedaboutinmycountrywhenIwasgrowingup.Fromthenon,Iknewthatthiswouldbeafamilysecret.Myparentswerenottogetheranymore,andmydadlivedalone.Forawhile,hecouldtakecareofhimself.ButwhenIwas12,hisconditionworsened.Myfather'sotherchildrenlivedfaraway,soitfelltometolookafterhim.

Wecouldn'taffordallthenecessarymedicationforhim,andbecauseDadwasunabletowork,Ihadnomoneyforschoolsuppliesandoftencouldn'tevenbuyfoodfordinner.Iwouldsitinclassfeelingcompletelylost,theteacher'swordsmuffledasItriedtofigureouthowIwasgoingtomanage.

Ididnotsharemyburden（负担）withanyone.IhadseenhowpeoplereactedtoAIDS.Kidslaughedatclassmateswhohadparentswiththedisease.Andevenadultscouldbecruel.Whenmyfatherwasmovedtothehospital,thenurseswouldleavehisfoodonthebedsidetableeventhoughhewastooweaktofeedhimself.

Ihadknownthathewasgoingtodie,butaftersomanyyearsofkeepinghisconditionasecret.Iwascompletelyunpreparedwhenhereachedhisfinaldays.Sadandhopeless,IcalledawomanatthenonprofitNationalAIDSSupport.Thatday,shekeptmeonthephoneforhours.Iwassoluckytofindsomeonewhocared.Shesavedmylife.

Iwas15whenmyfatherdied.Hetookhissecretawaywithhim,havingneverspokenaboutAIDStoanyone,evenme.Hedidn'twanttocallattentiontoAIDS.Ido.

1.WhydidKerrelkeepherfather'sdiseaseasecret?

A.Shewasafraidofbeinglookeddownupon.

B.ShethoughtitwasshamefultohaveAIDS.

C.Shefoundnoonewillingtolistentoher.

D.Shewantedtoobeyhermother.

2.WhydidKerrelwritethepassage?

A.Totellpeopleaboutthesufferingsofherfather.

B.ToshowhowlittlepeopleknewaboutAIDS.

C.Todrawpeople'sattentiontoAIDS.

D.Torememberedherfather.

AC

Passage5

AstudyofEnglishlearningproblemswascarriedoutamongatotalof106foreignstudents.ItshowsthatmoststudentsconsideredunderstandingspokenEnglishtobetheirbiggerproblemonarrival.Thiswasfollowedbyspeaking,Writingincreasedasaproblemasstudentsdiscovereddifficultiesinwritingpapersthattheywerenowexpectedtohandin.Readingremainedasasignificant（显著的）problem.

Theinformationsignedhelpedupindeterminingwherespecialattentionshouldbepaidinourcourse.Althoughmanystudentshavechosentojointhecoursewithareasonablemotivation（动机）,weconsidereditimportanttonotewhatseemedtoencourageinterest.Nearlyallthestudentshaveexperiencedsomekindofgrammar-basedEnglishteachingintheirowncountry.Tousethesamemethodwouldbeself-defeatingbecauseitmightreducemotivation,especiallyifithasfailedinthepest.Thereforeadifferentmethodmayhelpbecauseitisdifferent.

Varietyofactivitywasalsoseenasaway