英语四种时态综合复习.ppt
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,英语四种时态复习,1.一般现在时,2.现在进行时,3.一般过去时,4.一般将来时,Grammar,1.一般现在时(SimplePresent)概念:
表示习惯、经常性的动作或存在的状态、特征或客观真理。
结构:
(1)主语+am/is/are+其它Theyarenewstudents.
(2)主语+行为动词+其它IspeakEnglisheveryday.标志语:
usually、often、never、sometimes、always、onceaweek、twiceamonth、everyyear、,Exercise,Weoften_(go)toschoolbybike.They(be)friends.Mike_(like)cookingSometimeshe_(play)basketballoverthere.Tomalways(watch)TVatnight.Theearth(move)aroundthesun.,likes,plays,go,watches,moves,are,第三人称单数,用一句话概括:
“非你、非我、非复数”,1)sheheit;2)单个人名、地名;3)单数可数名词或this/that/the+单数可数名词;4)不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something,anything;5)不可数名词;6)数字和字母,动词三单变化规律,1、一般动词,在词尾加;如:
work-live-play-sing-eg:
She_(live)inNingbo.她住在宁波。
workslivesplayssings,s,lives,2.以,-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的加。
读作/iz/如:
eg:
Mymother_(wash)thecoat.我母亲洗了大衣。
washes,teach-wash-miss-pass-mix-fix-push-wish-,teacheswashesmissespassesmixesfixespusheswishes,-es,3.以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i,再加-es。
注意一定是辅音字母加y才变,若是元音字母加y,则直接加-s。
如:
flytryfrycopybuyenjoyplaysaypay,fliestriesfriescopiesbuysenjoysplayssayspays,4.以辅音字母+o结尾的词,一般情况是在词尾加es,读作z,godo,goes,does,5.特殊情况:
havebe(am,are),hasis,1.be动词的一般现在时的句式:
肯定句:
主语+be+表语(n.,adj.等)e.g.He_aworker.You_thirteen.They_intheclassroom.否定句:
主语+be+not+表语.e.g.He_(notbe)aworker.You_(notbe)thirteen.They_(notbe)intheclassroom.,句式结构的变化,is,are,are,arent,arent,isnt,一般疑问句:
Be+主语+表语?
e.g._heaworker?
Yes,he_./No,he_._youthirteen?
_theyintheclassroom?
Yes,they_./No,they_.特殊疑问句:
疑问词+be+主语?
e.g.What_he?
Whatcolor_thatbird?
Howold_you?
Where_they?
Is,Are,Are,are,arent,is,isnt,is,is,are,are,小结:
be动词的一般现在时的句式:
肯定句:
主语+be+表语(n.,adj.等)否定句:
主语+be+not+表语.一般疑问句:
Be+主语+表语?
回答:
Yes,主语+be./No,主语+be+not.特殊疑问句:
疑问词+be+主语?
回答:
主语+be+其它,2.实义动词的一般现在时句式结构:
肯定句:
主语(非三单)+v.原形+其他.1)I_(stay)athomeonSaturdays.2)They_(have)sportseveryday.3)Myparents_(give)metenyuaneveryweek.主语(三单)+v.-s/v.-es+其他.He_(stay)athomeonSaturdays.Lucy_(have)sportseveryday.,stay,have,give,stays,has,否定句:
主语(非三单)+dont+v.原形+其他4)I_(notstay)athomeonSaturdays.5)They_(nothave)sportseveryday.6)Myparents_(notgive)tenyuantomeeveryweek.主语(三单)+doesnt+v.原形+其他He_(notstay)athomeonSaturdays.Lucy_(nothave)sportseveryday.,dontstay,donthave,dontgive,doesntstay,doesnthave,一般疑问句:
Do+主语(非三单)+v.原形+其他?
肯定回答:
Yes,主语+do.否定回答:
No,主语+dont.1)_you_(stay)athomeonSaturdays?
2)_they_(have)sportseveryday?
Does+主语(三单)+v.原形+其他?
_he_(stay)athomeonSaturdays?
_Lucy_(have)sportseveryday?
Do,stay,Do,have,Does,Does,stay,have,特殊疑问句:
疑问词+do/does+主语+v.原形+其他?
e.g.What_you_(want)?
What_she_(want)?
Whattime_you_(have)lunch?
Whattime_she_(have)lunch?
What_you_(do)?
What_she_(do)?
How_you_(spell)it?
How_he_(spell)it?
do,do,do,do,want,have,have,want,do,do,spell,does,does,does,does,spell,小结:
(1).如果主语是I/We/You/They及名词复数,谓语动词不用做任何变化,即仍然用动词原形表示:
肯定句:
主语+动词原形+其他否定句:
主语+dont+动词原形+其他一般疑问句:
Do+主语+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答:
Yes,主语+do.否定回答:
No,主语+dont.特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句,
(2).主语是第三人称单数,肯定句:
主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句:
主语+doesnt+动词原形+其他一般疑问句:
Does+主语+动词原形+其他肯定回答:
Yes,主语+does否定回答:
No,主语+doesnt特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句,Grammar,现在进行时(PresentProgressive),概念:
表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态结构:
主语+be+动词ing标志语:
Look!
、Listen!
、nowatthemoment、Its.oclock、Bequiet,动词-ing形式的构成:
writingtaking,gettingrunningswimming,going,goask,writetake,getrunswim,asking,特殊变化lie-lying,Exercise,They_(wash)theclothesnow.Look!
He_(play)basketballoverthere.Listen!
_Sally_(sing)?
4.What_(be)you(do)now?
arewashing,isplaying,1.现在进行时的句式:
肯定句:
主语+be动词+动词inge.g.Ialetter.He/She_tothemusic.They_toeachother.否定句:
主语+be+not+动词ing.e.g.I_(notwrite)aletter.He/She_(notlisten)tothemusic.They_(nottalk)toeachother.,句式结构的变化,amwriting,islistening,aretalking,isntlistening,arenttalking,amnotwriting,一般疑问句:
Be+主语+动词ing?
e.g._youwritingaletter?
Yes,I_./No,I_._he/shelisteningtothemusic?
_theytalkingtoeachother?
Yes,they_./No,they_.特殊疑问句:
疑问词+be+主语+doing?
e.g.What_hedoing?
What_youdoing?
Are,Is,Are,are,arent,am,amnot,is,are,小结:
(1).一般现在时表示习惯性或经常性的行为,而现在进行时表示正在进行的行为:
Hecleanshisroomeveryday.Heiscleaninghisroomnow.Weplayfootballeverydayafterschool.WeareplayingfootballTheyoftencometoChinaforavisit.TheyarevisitingChina.,Grammar,一般过去时(PastSimple)概念:
表示过去发生的动作或表示过去的的状态、过去的特征、过去的行为结构:
主语+be动词的过去式(was/were)+表语主语+实义动词过去式+其他标志语:
yesterday、.ago、in1990、last.、atthattime、justnow等,1.was/were动词的一般过去时的句式:
肯定句:
主语+was/were+表语e.g.I_borninBeijing.You_busylastweek.They_herejustnow.He/ShebornonJuly7th1999.否定句:
主语+was/were+not+表语.e.g.I_(notbe)borninBeijing.You_(notbe)busylastweek.They_(notbe)herejustnow.He/She(notbe)bornonJuly7th1999.,句式结构的变化,was,were,were,werent,werent,wasnt,was,wasnt,一般疑问句:
Was/Were+主语+表语?
e.g._youborninBeijing?
Yes,I_./No,I_._theyherejustnow?
Yes,they_./No,they_._he/ShebornonJuly7th1999.Yes,he/she_./No,he/she_.特殊疑问句:
疑问词+was/were+主语+其他?
e.g.What_heborn?
Where_theyjustnow?
Were,Was,Were,was,wasnt,was,wasnt,was,were,were,werent,小结:
be动词的一般过去时的句式:
肯定句:
主语+was/were+表语(n.,adj.等)否定句:
主语+was/were+not+表语.一般疑问句:
was/were+主语+表语?
回答:
Yes,主语+was/were.No,主语+was/were+not.特殊疑问句:
疑问词+was/were+主语+其他?
回答:
主语+was/were+其它,动词-ed形式的构成:
wanted,moveddied,carriedcried,stoppedplanned,answered,got,drank,took,went,swam,ate,cut,were,had,did,came,said,saw,put,不规则过去式,2.实义动词的一般过去时句式结构:
肯定句:
主语+动词过去式+其他.1)I_(start)schoolatfive.2)You_(take)aworkthismorning.3)She_(catch)acoldlastnight.否定句:
主语+didnt+动词原形+其他.1)I_(notstart)schoolatfive.2)You_(nottake)aworkthismorning.3)She_(notcatch)acoldlastnight.,started,took,caught,didntstart,didnttake,didntcatch,一般疑问句:
Did+主语+v.原形+其他?
肯定回答:
Yes,主语+did.否定回答:
No,主语+didnt.1)_you_(start)schoolatfive?
Yes,I_./No,I_2)_she_(catch)acoldlastnight?
Did,start,Did,catch,did,didnt,特殊疑问句:
疑问词+did+主语+v.原形+其他?
e.g.When_he_(die)?
He_in1991.Why_they_(want)him?
Becausethey_(want)himtohelpthem.Howlong_thespaceflight_(last)?
It_twentyonehours.Where_you_(live)before?
I_inasmallvillage.,did,did,did,did,want,last,die,live,lived,died,wanted,lasted,小结:
肯定句:
主语+动词过去式+其他否定句:
主语+didnt+动词原形+其他一般疑问句:
Did+主语+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答:
Yes,主语+did.否定回答:
No,主语+didnt.特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句,Exercise,They_(wash)theclothesyesterday.Lastnighthe_(play)basketballoverthere._Sally_(sing)twohoursago?
4.What_(do)shedolastnight?
washed,played,did,Grammar,1.一般将来时(FutureSimple)概念:
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态结构:
主语+be+going+to+动词原形主语+will+动词原形主语(只能为I/We)+shall+do标志语:
tomorrow,thenextday,thisafternoon,thisevening,next,inthefuture,in+一段时间,+,肯定句:
主语+begoingto+doe.g.I_amgoingtovisitBeijing.You_goingtotheparktomorrow.They_goingtohaveaparty.Itgoingtorain.否定句:
主语+benotgoingto+do.e.g.I_(notbe)goingtovisitChina.You_(notbe)goingtoparktomorrow.They_(notbe)goingtohaveaparty.It(notbe)goingtorain.,句式结构的变化一,am,are,are,arent,arent,amnot,is,isnt,一般疑问句:
Be+主语+goingto+其他?
肯定回答:
Yes,主语+be.否定回答:
No,主语+be+not.1)_you_(visit)China?
Yes,I_./No,I_2)_it_(rain)?
Are,goingtovisit,Is,am,amnot,goingtorain,特殊疑问句:
疑问词+be+主语+goingto+其他?
e.g.Where_you_?
When_you_?
What_they_?
are,are,are,goingtopark,goingtohave,goingtovisit,肯定句:
主语+will+doe.g.I_havemanypresents.You_writeabook.There_beacomputeroneverydesk.Ithappen.否定句:
主语+willnot(wont)+do.e.g.I_havemanypresents.You_writeabook.There_beacomputeroneverydesk.Ithappen.,句式结构的变化二,will,will,will,wont,wont,wont,will,wont,一般疑问句:
Will+主语+其他?
肯定回答:
Yes,主语+will.否定回答:
No,主语+willnot(wont).1)_youhavemanypresents?
Yes,I_./No,I_2)_ithappen?
Will,Will,will,willnot,特殊疑问句:
疑问词+will+主语+其他?
e.g.What_youhave?
Who_dotheheavywork?
will,will,Exercise,They_(wash)theclothestomorrow.Nextweekhe_(play)basketballoverthere._Sally_(sing)thisevening?
4.What_(do)shedointheyear2018?
willwash,willplay,will,1、begoingto主要用于:
(1)表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做的事情。
E.g.Whatareyougoingtodotoday?
今天你们打算做什么?
DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathisafternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。
Imgoingtoplaytheviolin.我打算拉小提琴。
Shesgoingtoplaythepiano.她打算弹钢琴。
(2)表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生。
E.g.Look!
Therecomethedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.瞧!
乌云密集,天要下雨。
IamafraidIamgoingtohaveacold.恐怕我要患重感冒。
2.will主要用于在以下几个方面:
(1)表示单纯的未来“将要”通用各个人称。
eg:
Theywillgotovisitthefactorytomorrow.明天他们将去工厂参观。
IllcomewithWangBing,LiuTaoandYangLing.我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。
(2)表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。
eg:
TodayisSaturday.TomorrowwillbeSunday.今天是星期六。
明天是(将)是星期日。
Hewillbethirtyyearsoldthistimenextyear.明年这个时候他就(将)三十岁。
(3)问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令。
eg:
Willyoupleaseturnontheradio?
请打开收音机好吗?
Willyougotothezoowithme?
你和我一起去动物园好吗?
1)be+不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
WearetotalkaboutthereportnextSaturday.2)beaboutto+不定式,意为马上做某事。
HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.,一般将来时的特殊用法,注意:
beaboutto不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
3)有些表趋向性的动词可用现在进行时表将来:
例如:
go,come,arrive,fly(飞往),reach(到达),stay,leave,start,die.如:
Imgoingtogotothezoothisweekend.=Imgoingtothezoothisweekend.HesgoingtoleaveforParis.=HesleavingforParis.Theoldmanisdying.=Theoldmanwilldie.这个老人要去世。
4)要注意“主将从现”这一语法现象:
重要连词有:
if(如果),assoonas(一.就.),when(当.时候),before,after,until(直到)notuntil(直到.才),unless(=not.if除非).Ifitrains,wewonthaveapicnicnextweek.Illtellyouthenewsassoonasyoucomeback.,英语动词的时态练习,二、用动词的适当形式填空。
1、Tom_(swim)intheriverthedayaftertomorrow.2、Why_(be)theynothereyesterday?
3、Yesterdayafternoonthey_(play)footballwiththeirEnglishteacher.4、Sheusually_(do)herhomeworkintheevening.,willswim,were,played,does,