话题八 社会现象冲刺高考英语阅读理解热点话题专练原卷版.docx

话题八 社会现象冲刺高考英语阅读理解热点话题专练原卷版.docx

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话题八社会现象冲刺高考英语阅读理解热点话题专练原卷版

话题八社会现象

No.1

（2020.山西省2020届摸底考）Drivingwhiletalkingonthephoneincreasesthelikelihoodofanaccidentandisactuallymoredangerousthandrivingdrunk,U.S.researchersreport.Thisholdstruewhetherthedriverisholdingacellphoneorusingahands⁃freedevice.

“Asasociety,wehaveagreedonnottoleratingtheriskassociatedwithdrunkdriving,”saidresearcherFrankDrews,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofUtah.“Thisstudyshowsusthatsomebodywhoisconversingonacellphoneisexposinghimorherselfandotherstoasimilarrisk—cellphonesactuallyareahigherrisk,”hesaid.

Inthestudy,40peoplefollowedapacecaralongaprescribedcourse,usingadrivingsimulator（模拟仪）.Somepeopledrovewhiletalkingonacellphone,othersdrovewhiledrunk（meaningtheirblood-alcohollimitmatchedthelegallimitof0.08percent）,andothersdrovewithnosuchdistractions.Theresearchersfoundanincreasedaccidentratewhenpeoplewereconversingonthecellphone.Driversoncellphoneswere5.36timesmorelikelytogetinanaccident.

Thebottomline:

Cell⁃phoneusewaslinkedto“asignificantincreaseintheaccidentrate,”Drewssaid.

Thephoneusersdidevenworsethantheinebriated,theUtahteamfound.Therewerethreeaccidentsamongthosetalkingoncellphones—alloftheminvolvingarear⁃ending（追尾）ofthepacecar.Incontrast,therewerenoaccidentsrecordedamongparticipantswhoweredrunk.

Inresponsetosafetyconcerns,somestateshavedeclareditillegaltousehand⁃heldcellphoneswhiledriving.Butthattypeoflawmaynotbeeffective,becausetheUtahresearchersfoundnodifferenceindriverperformancewhetherthedriverwasholdingthephoneortalkingonahands⁃freemodel.

“Wehaveseenagainandagainthatthereisnodifferencebetweenhands⁃freeandhand⁃helddevices,”Drewssaid.“Theproblemistheconversation.Thebestsolutiontotheproblemisobvious:

Don’ttalkonthephonewhileyouaredriving.”

1.Whichgroupofdriversperformedworstinthestudy?

A.Thosephoneusers.

B.Thosewhoaredrunk.

C.Thosefollowingapacecar.

D.Thosewithhearingproblems.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“theinebriated”inparagraph5referto?

A.Thedrunkdrivers.

B.Theresearchers.

C.Thecell⁃phone⁃freedrivers.

D.TheUtahteam.

3.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Driverperformancehasnothingtodowiththeuseofmobilephones.

B.Itistimelytobantheuseofhand⁃heldphoneswhiledriving.

C.TheUtahresearchersfindthetrafficsafetylawworksaswellasbefore.

D.Talkingonthephonewhiledrivingshouldbeavoided.

4.Inwhichsectionofanewspaperisthistextfrom?

A.Sports.

B.Economy.

C.Society.

D.Entertainment.

No.2

（2020.山东省泰安市高三五模）Samisafourth-yearstudentatHarvardMedicalSchool，butpoetryisstillabigpartofhislife，nowwithanewteacher，RafaelCampo，whobelievespoetrycanbenefiteverydoctor’seducationandwork.Rafaelisaphysician，professorandahighlyrespectedpoet.

“Poetryisineveryencounter（邂逅）withmypatients.Ithinkhealingisreallyinaverygreatwayaboutpoetry.Andifwedoanythingwhenwe’rewithourpatients，we’rereallyimmersing（使沉浸于）ourselvesintheirstories，reallyhearingtheirvoices.And，certainly，that’swhatapoemdoes，”hesaid.

Rafaelworriesthatsomethingimportanthasbeenlostinmedicineandmedicaleducationtoday：

humanity，whichhefindsinpoetry.Toendthat，heleadsaweeklyreadingandwritingworkshopformedicalstudentsandresidents（住院医生）.

Hethinksmedicaltrainingfocusestoomuchondistancingthedoctorfromhisorherpatients，andpoemscanhelpclosethatgap.

Third-yearresidentAndreaSchwartzwasoneoftheworkshopregulars.Shesaid.“Ithinkthere’snootherprofessionotherthanmedicinethatproducesasmanywritersasitdoes.AndIthinkthatisbecausethere’sjustsomuchpowerindoctorsandpatientsinteractingwhenpatientsareattheirsaddest.”Noteveryonebelievesthat’swhatdoctorsshoulddo，though.

Rafaelsaid，“Iwasafraidofhowpeoplemightjudgeme，actually.Inthemedicalprofession，asmanypeopleknow，wemustalwaysputtheemergencyfirst.But，youknow，thatkindoftreatment，ifit’shappeninginthehospital，veryregrettably，sadly，resultsinabadoutcome.Thefamilyissittingbythebedside.Thepatienthasn’tsurvivedthecancer.Don’twestillhavearoleashealersthere?

”

Inapoemtitled“Health”，Rafaelwritesofthewishtoliveforeverinaworldmadepainlessbyourincurablejoy.Hesayshewillcontinueteachingstudents，helpingpatientsandwritingpoems，hisownbrandofmedicine.

1.WhatdoweknowaboutRafaelCampo?

A.Heworksasadoctor.             B.Heisundermedicalcare.

C.Heisaliteratureprofessor.             D.Heknowslittleaboutpoetry.

2.WhatdoestheauthortrytoshowinParagraph2?

A.Theimportanceofmedicaltraining.

B.Theeffectofpoetryinmedicaltreatment.

C.Thesimilarityinvolvedinpoetryandmedicalwork.

D.Thepresentrelationshipbetweenpatientsanddoctors.

3.WhatdoesAndreaSchwaflzthinkofpoetry?

A.Itcomfortspatients’family.

B.Itcontributestomedicalwork.

C.Ithasnothingtodowithdoctors.

D.Itkeepsdoctorsawayfrompatients.

4.WhatisRafaelCampo’sviewonpoetry?

A.Itrequiresalotofsparetime.

B.Itcanprovideausefultoolfordoctors.

C.Ithaslittleeffectonpatients’conditions.

D.Itshouldbeincludedinemergencytreatments.

No.3

（2020.河北省衡水中学高三）MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeach’sBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?

Noneofyourbusiness!

LunchisBechtel’s“me”time.AndlikemoreAmericans,she’snotalone.

Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf（53percent）havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf（46percent）havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74percent,accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.

“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow?

”Bechtelsaid,lookingupfromherbook.Bechtel,whoworksindowntownWestPalmBeach,haslunchwithcoworkerssometimes,butlikemanyofus,toooftenworksthroughlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeelingenergized.“Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,”shesaid.

Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeperwithwhomhe’sonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction（交流）.“Ireflectonhowmyday’sgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,”hesaid.“It’sachanceforself-reflection.Youreturntoworkrechargedandwithaplan.”

Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetable.“Itdoesn’tfeelasaloneasitmayhavebeforealltheadvancesintechnology,”saidLaurieDemeritt,whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.

1.Whatarethestatisticsinparagraph2about?

A.Foodvariety.

B.Eatinghabits.

C.Tablemanners.

D.Restaurantservice.

2WhydoesBechtelprefertogooutforlunch?

A.Tomeetwithhercoworkers.

B.Tocatchupwithherwork.

C.Tohavesometimeonherown.

D.Tocollectdataforherreport.

3.WhatdoweknowaboutMazoleny?

A.Hemakesvideosforthebar.

B.He’sfondofthefoodatthebar.

C.Heinterviewscustomersatthebar.

D.He’sfamiliarwiththebarkeeper.

4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.

B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.

C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.

D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.

No.4

（2020.上海市浦东新区高三一模）Eachyear,backedupbyagrowinganti-consumeristmovement,peopleareusingtheholidayseasontocallonusalltoshopless.

Drivenbyconcernsaboutresourceexhaustion,overrecentyearsenvironmentalistshaveincreasinglyturnedtheirsightsonour“consumerculture”.GroupssuchasTheStoryofStuffandBuyNothingNewDayaregrowingasamovementthatincreasinglyblamesallourillsonourdesiretoshop.

Weclearlyhaveagrowingresourceproblem.Theproduceswemake,buy,anduseareoftenlinkedtothedestructionofourwaterways,biodiversity,climateandthelandonwhichmillionsofpeoplelive.ButtoblametheseissuesonChristmasshoppersismisguided,andputsusintheoldtrapofblamingindividualsforwhatisasystematicproblem.

WhilewecomplainaboutenvironmentaldestructionoverChristmas,environmentalistsoftenforgetwhattheholidayseasonactuallymeansformanypeople.Formost,Christmasisn’tanadd-ontoanalreadyheavyshoppingyear.Infact,itislikelytheonlytimeofyearmanyhavetheopportunitytospendonfriendsandfamily,orevenjusttobuythenecessitiesneededformodernlife.

Thisisparticularly,trueforBoxingDay,oftenthetargetofthestrongestderision（嘲弄）byanti-consumerists.Whilewemaylaughatthequeuesinfrontoftheshops,formany,thosesalesprovidetheonechancetobuyitemsthey’veneededallyear.AsLeighPhillipsargues,“thisisoneofthefewtimesoftheyearthatpeoplecanevenhopetoaffordsuch‘luxuries’,theChristmaspresentstheirkidsareaskingfor,orjustanappliancethatworks.”

Indeed,therichest7%ofpeopleareresponsiblefor50%ofgreenhousegasemissions.ThisbecomesparticularlyharmfulwhenyoutakeintoaccountthatthoseshoppingonBoxingDayareonlyasmallpartofourconsumption“problem”anyway.Why