高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 3 Life in the future练习 新人教版必修5.docx

高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 3 Life in the future练习 新人教版必修5.docx

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高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit3Lifeinthefuture练习新人教版必修5

2019高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit3Lifeinthefuture练习新人教版必修5

一、阅读理解（共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分）

A

MaryMoemaylooklikeanaveragegrandmother.Butsheisnot.Shejustlearnedhowtoflyanairplane,adreamshehashadsinceshewasalittlegirl.ButMaryMoecouldnotfindtimetomakeherdreamcometrue.Atage34,shewasjusttoobusytothinkaboutflyingaplane.Lessonswerecostly.EverythingseemedtobeworkingagainstMary.Herdreamhadtowait.

MaryMoehasdonealotduringthepast91years.Formuchofthattime,shewantedtofly,butneverhadthechanceuntilnow.

MsMoelearnedaboutWishofaLifetime,anon-profitorganization.Itsgoalistochangethewayoursocietythinksaboutagingandolderadults.SallyWebsterworksforthegroup.ShesaidMsMoe’swishisoneofhundredstheyreceiveeachyear.

WishofaLifetimehelpsolderpeopletoenjoyadream.Italsosendsthemessagethatitisnevertoolateforadream.ButMsWebstersaysitalsowantstosendanothermessagetosocietythatolderAmericanscanachievethingsjustlikeyoungerAmericanscan.

SusieDanickalsobelievesinthisgoal.ShefoundedTADRelocation,abusinessthathelpsseniorcitizenswhentheymove.MsDanickgave$5,000totheWishofaLifetimetohelpseniorsrealizeadream.MaryMoewasoneofthem.

MaryMoereceivedthreeflyinglessons.Andonthebigdayofherfirstflight,herfamilyandfriendsallcametocheerheron.Mary’ssuccessmadeeveryonearoundherexcitedandproud.Itwasjustagreatevent,agreatday.

Itisnevertoolatetospreadyourwingsandtrysomethingnew.Youarenevertoooldtotrytomakeyourdreamscometrue.

1.WhywasMaryMoe’sdreamdifficulttocometrue?

A.Shehadnoenoughtimeandmoneyinthepast.

B.Shedidnothingforflyinglessons.

C.Nopilotswerewillingtohelpher.

D.Herfamilydidnotsupportherwish.

2.WhatdoweknowaboutWishofaLifetime?

A.Itcanmakemuchmoneyeveryyear.

B.MsMoedidmuchforitsdevelopment.

C.ItispopularwiththeyoungAmericans.

D.Itencouragesmanyoldadultstosucceed.

3.FromMaryMoe’ssuccess,wecanknowsheis　　　　. 

A.determinedB.stubborn

C.unrealisticD.delicate

4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellusabout?

A.Oneshouldtrytobesuccessfulwhenyoung.

B.Youarenevertoooldtotrytomakeyourdreamscometrue.

C.Oldpeopleshouldnotbelookeddownupon.

D.Flyinglessonsaremoredifficulttolearn.

【文章大意】本文是记叙文,讲述了一位91岁的老太太锲而不舍,努力实现飞行梦想的故事。

1.A　细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“ButMaryMoecouldnotfindtimetomakeherdreamcometrue....Lessonswerecostly.”可知,她没有足够的时间和金钱去实现自己的飞行梦想。

2.D　细节理解题。

由第四段第一、二句“WishofaLifetimehelpsolderpeopletoenjoyadream.Italsosendsthemessagethatitisnevertoolateforadream.”可看出,该组织的宗旨就是帮助老年人实现梦想,D项符合文意。

3.A　推理判断题。

由第二段“MaryMoehasdonealotduringthepast91years.Formuchofthattime,shewantedtofly...”可知,玛丽·莫伊对儿时的梦想矢志不渝,是一位意志非常坚定的人。

determined“坚定的,决意的”;stubborn“顽强的;顽固的”;unrealistic“想象的,不切实际的”;delicate“优美的,优雅的”。

4.B　主旨大意题。

最后一段点明主题:

努力实现梦想永远不晚。

故B项正确。

B

Theoddnessoflifeinspaceneverquitegoesaway.Herearesomeexamples.

Firstconsidersomethingassimpleassleep.Itspositionpresentsitsownchallenges.Themainquestioniswhetheryouwantyourarmsinsideoroutsidethesleepingbag.Ifyouleaveyourarmsout,theyfloatfreeinzerogravity,oftengivingasleepingastronautthelookofafunnyballet（芭蕾）dancer.“I’maninsideguy,”MikeHopkinssays,whoreturnedfromasix-monthtourontheInternationalSpaceStation.“Iliketobewrappedup.”

Onthestation,theordinarybecomesstrange.TheexercisebikefortheAmericanastronautshasnohandlebars.Italsohasnoseat.Withnogravity,it’sjustaseasytopedalviolently.Youcanwatchamoviewhileyoupedalbyfloatingamicrocomputeranywhereyouwant.Butstationresidentshavetobecarefulaboutstayinginoneplacetoolong.Withoutgravitytohelpcirculateair,thecarbondioxideyouexhale（呼气）hasatendencytoformaninvisible（隐形的）cloudaroundyourhead.Youcanendupwithwhatastronautscallacarbon-dioxideheadache.

LeroyChiao,54,anAmericanretiredastronautafterfourflights,describeswhathappensevenbeforeyoufloatoutofyourseat.“Yourinnerearthinksyou’refalling.Meanwhileyoureyesaretellingyouyou’restandingstraight.Thatcanbeannoying—that’swhysomepeoplefeelsick.”Withinacoupleofdays—trulyterribledaysforsome—astronauts’brainslearntoignorethepanickysignalsfromtheinnerear,andspacesicknessdisappears.

Spacetravelcanbesodelightfulbutatthesametimeinvisiblydangerous.Forinstance,astronautslosebonemass.That’swhyexerciseisconsideredsovitalthatNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration（NASA）putsitrightontheworkdayschedule.Thefocusonfitnessisasmuchaboutscienceandthefutureasitisaboutkeepinganyindividualastronauthealthy.NASAisworriedabouttwothings:

recoverytimeonceastronautsreturnhome,andmoreimportantly,howtomaintainstrengthandfitnessforthetwoandahalfyearsormorethatitwouldtaketomakearound-triptoMars.

（2015·湖北高考）

1.Whatisthemajorchallengetoastronautswhentheysleepinspace?

A.Decidingonapropersleepposition.

B.Choosingacomfortablesleepingbag.

C.Seekingawaytofallasleepquickly.

D.Findingarighttimetogotosleep.

2.Theastronautswillsufferfromacarbon-dioxideheadachewhen　　　　. 

A.theycirclearoundontheirbikes

B.theyusemicrocomputerswithoutastop

C.theyexerciseinoneplaceforalongtime

D.theywatchamoviewhilepedaling

3.Someastronautsfeelsickonthestationduringthefirstfewdaysbecause　　　　. 

A.theirsensesstopworking

B.theyhavetostandupstraight

C.theyfloatoutoftheirseatsunexpectedly

D.theirbrainsreceivecontradictorymessages

4.OneofNASA’smajorconcernsaboutastronautsis　　　　. 

A.howmuchexercisetheydoonthestation

B.howtheycanremainhealthyforlonginspace

C.whethertheycanrecoverafterreturninghome

D.whethertheyareabletogobacktothestation

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,作者通过举例介绍在太空中生活是什么样的。

1.A　细节理解题。

根据第二段第二句“Itspositionpresentsitsownchallenges.”以及下文的介绍可知,应选A项。

2.C　细节理解题。

根据第三段倒数第三句和最后一句“Youcanendupwithwhatastronautscallacarbon-dioxideheadache.”可知应选C项。

3.D　推理判断题。

根据第四段中的“Yourinnerearthinksyou’refalling.Meanwhileyoureyesaretellingyouyou’restandingstraight.Thatcanbeannoying—that’swhysomepeoplefeelsick.”可知应选D项。

4.B　细节理解题。

根据第五段最后一句“NASAisworriedabouttwothings...howtomaintain...toMars.”可知应选B项。

二、语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）

ReneLaennecwasaFrenchdoctorwholearnedtotaponpeople’scheststofindoutillnessfromanAustriandoctor1.

（name）LeopoldAuenbrugger.Asaboy,Leopoldusedtotapwinecontainersinhisfather’sinntoseehowmuchwinetheyheld.Afullonemadeadifferentsound2.　　　　anemptyone.Whenhebecameadoctor,hetappedpeople’scheststoseehowmuchliquidwasintheirlungs.Laennecdid3.　　　　sameandlearnedtotellbytappingcarefullyonachest4.　　　　itwasdiseasedornot.Buthewasevenmoreinterestedindiseasesoftheheart,andhewishedthathecouldhearheartbeats5.　　　　（clear）.Inthosedays,adoctorwouldplacehisheadonapatient’schesttolisten,butifthepatientwasextremelyfatitwas6.

（possible）tohearanyheartbeatatall. 

OnedaywhenLaennecwaswalkinginthepark,hesawsomegirls7.　　　　（play）withasee-saw（跷跷板）.Oneofthemscratchedtheendoftheboardwhiletheothersplacedtheirearsagainsttheotherend.Onwalkingup,thedoctor8.　　　　（ask）whythesoundstraveledalongthewood.“Thesoundsaremagnified（放大）,girls,er...”Suddenlyheturnedandrushedbacktothehospital.Quicklytakingsomethickpaper,herolledituplikeatubeand9.　　　　（begin）listeningtopatients’chests.Heheardtheheartbeatsandtheirbreathing.Laennecsoonmadeabetterinstrumentofwood,10.　　　　hecalledastethoscope.Later,theyweremadeofsteelandrubber. 

（2015·山东济宁一模）

1.named。

空前的doctor是name的动作承受者,应用过去分词表示动宾关系,故填named。

2.from。

differentfrom...“不同于……”。

3.the。

same必须与定冠词the连用。

4.whether。

空后是telling的宾语从句,由“itwasdiseasedornot”可知,应填表“是否”含义的连词。

5.clearly。

此处应用副词修饰动词hear,故填clearly。

6.impossible。

根据前文的but可知,这里是语意的转折,应表示“太胖而不可能听到心脏的跳动”。

故填impossible。

7.playing。

seesb.doing“看到某人正在做某事”,为固定搭配。

8.wasasked。

doctor是ask的动作承受者,再联系上下文语境可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填wasasked。

9.began。

begin与前文的rolled是并列的谓语动词,应用过去式began。

10.one/which。

此处是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少called的宾语,应用which引导;或者填one作wood的同位语,后跟省略了引导词that的定语从句。

PartB

一、完形填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分）

Onedayanoldmanandhissonweregoingwiththeirdonkeytomarket.Astheywalkedthroughavillage,themanwas　1　thedonkeyandtheboywaswalkingbehind.Acountrymansaidtheoldmanwasa　2　fornotriding,sohe　3　upontheanimal’sback. 

Soontheypassedagroupofmen,oneofwhomsaidtheoldmanwas　4　toletthechildwalkwhilehe　5　theride.Hearingthis,hegotoffand　6　theboyontheanimal’sback.Buttheyhadn’tgonefarwhenpeople　7　thechildofbeinglazyformakingtheoldmanwalk,andthe　8　wasmadethattheybothride.　9　,themanclimbedonandtheysetoff　10　. 

Bythetimetheyhadcometothetown,thepassers-byalltook　11　onthedonkey.Somewereeven　12　aboutthecrueltytothedonkeybecausehewasmadetocarrytwopeople.　13　,thediscouragedmanandhissonwereseen　14　thedonkeyontheirshouldersdowntheroad. 

Tryingto　15　everyoneisimpossible,andwillresultin　16　tosatisfyanyone.Ifyou’retryingto　17　alltheexpectationsthatcrowdinonyoufrompeopleandsocietyatlarge—you’llendupcarryinga　18　burdenbecauseyou’renotlivingthe　19　youwantto,andyou’llnecessarilynot　20　tomeetallthecompetingdemands. 

1.A.drivingB.leading

C.trainingD.riding

2.A.pioneerB.pilot

C.foolD.loser

3.A.flewB.rested

C.marchedD.cl