届高考英语调研卷联考卷二全国1卷通用版解析Word版.docx

届高考英语调研卷联考卷二全国1卷通用版解析Word版.docx

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届高考英语调研卷联考卷二全国1卷通用版解析Word版

2020年高考调研卷&联考卷

（二）

英语试卷

本试卷6页，满分120分。

考试用时120分钟

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。

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3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂。

A

BuckinghamPalace

ItistheofficialresidenceofQueenElizabethIIinLondon.ThearchitecturalcoreofBuckinghamPalaceistheformerBuckinghamHouse，builtin1703.YoucanvisitthestateroomsfromAugusttoOctoberwhentheQueenisonholiday.Itisoneoftheworld’smostfamiliarbuildings.Ithas775rooms.DuringthesummerthefamousChangingoftheGuardstakesplaceatthefrontofthepalaceat11:

30andisapopulareventforvisitorstothecapital.

BigBenandWestminsterPalace

ItisoneofLondon’sbest-knownlandmarks.BiglienisthenameoftheclockinsidetheClockTower.Itliesatthenorth-easternendoftheHousesofParliament.WestminsterPalaceisoneofthelargestparliamentsintheworld.Itwasbuiltbetween1840and1880.

TheTowerofLondon

TheTowerofLondonisahistoricalmonumentinCentralLondononthenorthbankoftheriverThames.ItwasfoundedbyWilliamtheConqueror.Itwasapalaceandaprison（forQueenElizabethIforexample）.Thereyoucanseestrangeguardscalled“theBeefeaters”.Sincethebeginningofthe14thcentury,theTowerofLondonhasbeenthehomeoftheworldfamousBritishCrownJewels-theyareamustofyourvisit!

TrafalgarSquare

Itwasnamedin1835togivehonourtothememoryoftheBritishvictoryovertheFrenchatTrafalgarin1805.ThereisahugestatueofAdmiralNelson（theBritishherokilledduringthebattle）inthemiddleofthesquare.Itisapopulartouristattractionwiththefourlionstatues.

1．Whichhasthesecondlongesthistory?

A．TrafalgarSquare.B．TheTowerofLondon.

C．WestminsterPalace.D．BuckinghamHouse.

2．WhatisTheTowerofLondonnotedforintheworld?

A．Itsstrangeguards.B．ItsBritishCrownJewels.

C．Itsfounder.D．Itsgeographicalsite.

3．WhywasTrafalgarSquarebuilt?

A．Abattlehappenedhere.B．Itcouldbegoodfortourism.

C．AdmiralNelsonwashornhere.D．Fourlionstatueshadbeenbuilt.

B

ItwaswithnoblepurposethatEricLichtblaucametowrite“ReturntotheReich”.Hewantedtocelebratetheanonymous,unsungheroesofWorldWarⅡ.EliRosenbaum,along-timeNazihunter,suggestedtheauthorlookupFreddyMayer,wholedoneofthewar'smostsuccessfulspyefforts.Mr.LichtblauseizedontheadviceandimmediatelysetouttomeetMayer,whowasbythen94.

Duringtheirconversation,theauthorlearnedhowaJewishkidfromFreiburgfledNaziGermany,arrivedinAmericaandeventuallyjoinedtheOfficeofStrategicServices（OSS）,tobedroppedasaspyintooccupiedAustria.Laterinlife,hewasaskedbyaninterviewerwhatmadehimsuchagoodspy.“Chutzpah!

”heresponded.“Iwasafraidofabsolutelynothing.”

Mayerwasonly11yearsoldin1933whenHitlerbecamechancellor（JI）ofGermany.Theboy'sfather,adecoratedwarveteran,thoughthispriorservicetohiscountrywouldprotecthisfamilyfromtherisingtideofanti-Jewish.Thisdidn'tstopaboyatschoolfromcallingFreddya“stinkingJude”.EventuallyhewasforcedoutofschoolandinMarchof1938theMayerfamilyemigratedtotheUnitedStates.InBrooklyn,NewYork,16-year-oldFreddyworkedasanautomobilemechanic,bouncingfromjobtojobashesoughtbetterwagestohelpsupporthisfamily.InOctober1942,Mayerfinallysucceededinenlistingandleftforbasictraining.Hemadehimselfanaturalleaderandaningenioussoldierwitharemarkableabilitytoimproviseinunexpectedsituations.Giventhathewasalsotrilingual—hespokeGerman,EnglishandFrench—it'sawondertheOSStooksolongtorecruithim.

Mr.Lichtblaudeliverstheaccountwithpureadmirationforhishero.Despitehisintentiontorevealanuntoldstoryofbravery,Mr.Lichtblaudoesnotfurrowmuchnewgroundhere.Butonecanunderstandwhytheauthorpursuedit:

FreddyMayer,whodiedtwomonthsafterhismeetingwithMr.Lichtblau,isanirresistiblesubject,andhedeservesadozenmoreaccountsofhisadventures.

4．WhydidEricLichtblauwanttowrite“ReturntotheReich”?

A．Becausehewasanobleman.

B．BecausehewantedtosinghighpraiseforthoseunknownheroesinWorldWarⅡ.

C．BecauseheenjoyedtheexperienceofFreddyMayerinWorldWarⅡverymuch.

D．BecausehewantedhisreaderstoknowmoreaboutthesecretsofWorldWarⅡ.

5．Whatdoestheword“Chutzpah”inthesecondparagraphmean?

A．Craziness.B．Cleverness.

C．Fearlessness.D．Devotion.

6．WhatwasthereasonforFreddyMayerandhisfamily'semigrationtotheUS?

A．Thathisfatherwasadecoratedwarveteran.

B．ThataboyatschoolcalledFreddya“stinkingJude”.

C．Thathehadtosupporthisfamilywithahighsalary.

D．ThatheandhisfamilywereJews.

7．Amongthefollowingstatements,whichisWRONG?

A．FreddyMayeronceslippedintooccupiedAustriaasaspy.

B．YoungFreddyMayerlivedahardlifewhenhewasinNewYork.

C．TheOSSvaluedFreddyMayerbecausehewasanaturalleaderandaningenioussoldier.

D．Mr.Lichtblaurevealedalotofunknownstoriesofthehero'sbraveryin“ReturntoReich”.

C

Thekakapo,abirdthatlivesinNewZealand,isnotdesignedforsurvival.Weighingupto4kilograms,itistheworld'sfattestparrot.Itmates（交配）onlywhentherimutreeisinfruit,whichhappenseveryfewyears.Itdevelopedgraduallyintheabsenceofland-basednaturalenemies,soinsteadofflyingabovethetreesitwalkslikeaduckacrossthedryforestfloor.Whenitmovesunsteadilyacrosssomethingthatmightkillit,itwillstandstill.

Suchunusualcharacteristicsturneditintofastfoodforhumansettlers,andforthecatsandratstheybroughtwiththem.Itseemedtohavedisappearedbythe1970s,untilscientistscameacrosstwoundiscoveredpopulationsinthecountry'ssouth.Thesesurvivorswereeventuallymovedtosmallenemy-freeislands,whereresearchershavespentdecadestryingtogetthemtobreed（繁殖）.

Thescientists'patienceisfinallyrewarded.Therimuwasinfruitthisyear,andmorethan80chickshatched,makingthisthebestbreedingseasononrecord.Manyhavesurvivedintoadolescence,increasingthenumberofadultkakaposbyathird,to200birds.

Anotherdangertothekakapoisalackofgeneticdiversity.Thisisonereasonwhyfewerthanhalfofkakapoeggshatch.Byarrangingthegenome（基因组）ofeverylivingbird,scientistscanidentifyclosely-relatedindividualsandputthemondifferentislands.Everybirdisfittedwithsomethingtotrackitsslightestmovement.Ifafemalemateswithan"unsuitable”male,theprocesscanbestopped.

AlltheseeffortscostalmostNewZealand$1.3millionthisbreedingseason.Yetthekakapo'sfuturestilllooksunsafe.Earlierthisyearaseverediseasetorethroughthepopulation.Andtinyasthenumberofkakaposis,spaceisrunningoutonthetwoislandswheremostofthemlive.Newenemy-freesettlementmustsoonbefound.

8．Whichofthefollowingisadangerforthesurvivalofthekakapo?

A．Itisthesmallestbirdintheworld.B．Itlacksexerciseandusuallystandsstill.

C．Itadaptsslowlyingeneticdevelopment.D．Itcan'trespondactivelywhenfacingdanger.

9．Inwhatwaymaythescientists'patienceberewarded?

A．Theyhatched80kakapos'eggsthisyear.

B．Theytriedtomaketherimutreeinfruitthisyear.

C．Twosurvivorsweremovedtoenemy-freeislands.

D．50chickshatchedhavesurvivedintoadultsthisyear.

10．Whydidthescientistsputkakapoindifferentislands?

A．Tostopclosely-relatedkakaposmating.B．Toincreasethepopulationofkakapo.

C．Tostopfemalesmatingwithmales.D．Tohatchmorekakapos'eggs.

11．Accordingtotheauthor,theeffortstoprotectthekakapoinNewZealandare_______.

A．successfulB．unsafe

C．doubtfulD．inadequate

D

Agoodwaytolookatfailurestraightinthefaceisbywritingafailureresume（简历）orCV.Likesocialmedia，there，weusuallyonlyseeourfriends’“highlightpart”.Whenwelookatothers’resumes，wegetscaredandthinkhowoursdoesn’tmeasureup.Buteventhemostaccomplishedpeoplehaveplentyoffailurebehindthem—wejustdon’tseeit.

Stefanfeltthisdeeplyasascientist，soshewroteadifferentCVwhichofcourseboasted（夸耀）abouthergoodgrades，PhD，andpublishedpapers.ButthewayshedealswithherfailureCVisamodelofwhatwecoulda11do.

“MyCVdoesnotreflectmygreatacademicefforts—itdoesnotmentiontheexamsIfailed，myunsuccessfulPhDorscholarshipapplications，orthepapersneveracceptedforpublication.Duringtheinterviews，Italkabouttheoneprojectthatworked，notaboutthemanythatfailed，”writesStefaninacolumnforN.

Stefansuggestskeepingadraftonwhichyoulog，casuallybutregularly，everyunsuccessfulapplication，refusedgrantproposalandrejectedpaper.

Andthat’sthepoint：

nottoconsiderwhatwegotwrong，buttousethatinformationtobothlookatfailureandrealizeit’sreallyokay，andalsotouseourfailuresforanotherpurpose：

aslearningtools.

Thepointistobereal—withourselvesandabouthowtheworldworks.Beingrealmeanstakinganhonest，critical，butalsokindlookatwhatwedidn’tgetright，andthendoingourbesttochangewhatwecan.Insteadoffocusingonhowthatfailuremakesyoufeel，takethetimetostepbackandanalyzethepractical，operationalreasonsthatyoufailed.

So，prcticebeingokaywithfailure，andturningyourfailuresintolessonslearned.Andyes，sometimeswehavetolearnthoselessonsmorethanonce，let