组织学与胚胎学组培英语词汇表双语.docx

组织学与胚胎学组培英语词汇表双语.docx

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组织学与胚胎学组培英语词汇表双语

Glossary

EpithelialTissue[,epi'9l]：

li?

['ti?

u]

上皮组织

coveringepithelium

被覆上皮

simplesquamousepithelium['skweim?

s]

单层扁平上皮

endothelium[,end?

u'9i：

lim?

]

内皮

mesothelium[,mes?

u'9i：

lim?

]

间皮

simplecuboidalepithelium[kju：

'b?

idl]

单层立方上皮

simplecolumnarepithelium[k?

'l?

mn?

]

单层柱状上皮

pesudostratifiedciliatedcolumnarepithelium

假复层纤毛柱状上皮

stratifiedsquamousepithelium['str?

tifaid]

复层扁平上皮

transitionalepithelium

变移上皮

cellcoat

细胞衣

microvillus（microvilli）[,maikr?

u'vil?

s]

微绒毛

cilium（cilia）['sili?

m]

纤毛

tightjunction

紧密连接

intermediatejunction

中间连接

desmosome['dezm?

s?

um]

桥粒

gapjunction

缝隙连接

basementmembrane

基膜

plasmamembraneinfolding['pl?

zm?

]

质膜内褶

hemidesmosome

半桥粒

ConnectiveTissue

结缔组织

connectivetissueproper

固有结缔组织

looseconnectivetissue

疏松结缔组织

denseconnectivetissue

致密结缔组织

reticulartissue[ri'tikjul?

]

网状组织

adiposetissue['?

dip?

us]

脂肪组织

fibroblast['faibr?

ubla:

st]

成纤维细胞

macrophage['m?

kr?

ufeid?

巨噬细胞

plasmacell

浆细胞

mastcell

肥大细胞

fatcell

脂肪细胞

groundsubstance

基质

collagenousfiber[k?

'l?

d?

?

n?

s]

胶原纤维

elasticfiber

弹性纤维

reticularfiber

网状纤维

reticularcell

网状细胞

cartilage['ka:

tilid?

]

cartilagetissuehyalinecartilage['hai?

lainelasticcartilagefibrouscartilage/fibrocartilagechondrocyte['k?

ndr?

sait]isogenousgroup[ai's?

d?

in?

s]perichondrium[,peri'k?

ndri?

m]bone

软骨软骨组织透明软骨弹性软骨纤维软骨软骨细胞同源细胞群软骨膜骨骨组织骨质

osseoustissue/bonetissu[e'?

si?

s]bonematrix

osteoprogenitorcell

骨祖细胞

osteoblast['?

sti?

ubl?

st]

成骨细胞

osteocyte['?

sti?

sait]

骨细胞

osteoclast['?

sti?

ukl?

st]

破骨细胞

circumferentiallamella[l?

'mel?

]

环骨板

osteone

骨单位

Haversiansystem

哈弗斯系统

interstitiallamella

间骨板

periosteum[,peri,?

sti?

m]

骨外膜

endosteum[en'd?

sti?

m]

骨内膜

Blood

血液

serum['si?

r?

m]

血清

bloodplasma

血浆

Wright'sstain

瑞氏染色

hemocyte['hi:

m?

sait

血细胞

erythrocyte[i'riusait

红细胞

hemoglobin（Hb）[,hi:

m?

u'gl?

ubin,,hem-]

血红蛋白

reticulocyte[ri'tikjul?

usait]

网织红细胞

leukocyte['lju:

k?

usait

白细胞

granulocyte['gr?

njul?

usait]

有粒白细胞

agranulocyte[ei'gr?

njul?

usait]

无粒白细胞

azurophilicgranules[gr?

nju:

ls

嗜天青颗粒

neutrophil（neutrophilicgranulocyte）['nju:

tr?

fil]

中性粒细胞

eosinophil[,i:

?

'sin?

fil,-fail,-fil]

嗜酸性粒细胞

basophil['beis?

fil]

嗜碱性粒细胞

monocyte['m?

n?

usait]

单核细胞

lymphocyte['limf?

usait]

淋巴细胞

bloodplatelet['pleitlit]

血小板

肌组织

MuscleTissue

musclefiber

sarcolemma[,sa:

k?

u'lem?

]sarcoplasm['sa:

k?

pi?

z?

m]sarcoplasmicreticulumskeletalmuscle['skelit?

l]epimysium[,epi'misi?

m]perimysium[,peri'mi?

i?

m,-zi?

m]endomysium[,end?

'mizi?

m]striatedmuscle['straieitid]myofilament[,mai?

u'fil?

m?

nt]isotropicband[,ais?

u'tr?

pik]anisotropicband[?

n,ais?

u'tr?

pik]sarcomere['sa:

k?

mi?

]myofibril[,mai?

u'faibril]transversetubule（Ttubule）longitudinaltubule[,l?

nd?

i'tju:

din?

l]terminalcisternae['t?

:

min?

l][si'st?

:

ni:

]triad'trai?

d,-?

dcardiacmuscle['ka:

di?

k]intercalateddiscdiad['dai?

d]smoothmuscle

肌纤维肌膜肌浆肌浆网骨骼肌肌外膜肌束膜肌内膜横纹肌肌丝

I带A带肌节肌原纤维横小管纵小管终池三联体心肌闰盘二联体平滑肌

神经组织神经细胞神经胶质细胞神经元胞体突起树突轴突尼氏体神经原纤维神经丝微管

NervousTissuenervouscellneuroglialcellneuron['nju?

r?

n]soma['s?

um?

]neurite['nju?

raitdendrite['dendrait]axon['?

ks?

nNissl'sbodyneurofibril[,nju?

r?

u'faibril]neurofilament[,nu?

r?

'fil?

m?

nt]microtubule[,maikr?

u'tju:

bju:

l

synapse['sain?

ps,

突触

axosomaticsynapse

轴体突触

axodendritesynapse

轴树突触

chemicalsynapse

化学性突触

presynapticelement[,pri:

si'n?

ptik]

突触前成分

synapticvesicle['vesikl]

突触小泡

synapticcleft

突触间隙

postsynapticelement

突触后成分

glialcell['glai?

l]

胶质细胞

astrocyte['?

str?

sait]

星形胶质细胞

oligodendrocyte['?

lig?

u'dendr?

sait

少突胶质细胞

microglia[mai'kr?

glai?

]

小胶质细胞

ependymalcell[e'pend?

me?

ri]

室管膜细胞

Schwann'scell

施万细胞

neurilemmalcell[,njur?

l?

'm?

tik

神经膜细胞

satellitecell['s?

t?

lait]

卫星细胞

nervefiber

神经纤维

myelinatednervefiber['mai?

lineitid,

有髓神经纤维

unmyelinatednervefiber

无髓神经纤维

centralaxon['?

ks?

n

轴索

myelinsheath

髓鞘

neurilemma

神经膜

Ranvier'snode

郎飞结

internode['int?

n?

ud]

结间体

nerve

神经

epineurium[,epi'nju?

ri?

m]

神经外膜

perineurium[,per?

'nju:

ri?

m]

神经束膜

endoneurium[,per?

'nju:

ri?

m]

神经内膜

sensorynerveending

感觉神经末梢

freenerveending

游离神经末梢

encapsulatednerveending[in'k?

ps?

leitid]

被囊神经末梢

tactile['t?

ktailcorpuscle['k?

:

p?

sl]

触觉小体

lamellercorpuscle['k?

:

p?

sl]

环层小体

musclespindle['spindl]

肌梭

motornerveending

运动神经末梢

somatic[s?

u'm?

tik]motornerveendingvisceral'vis?

r?

l]motornerveendingmotorendplate

躯体运动神经末梢内脏运动神经末梢运动终板

CirculatorySystem

循环系统

Cardiovascularsystem[,ka:

di?

u'v?

skjui?

]

心血管系统

heart

心

wallsofheart

心壁

endocardium[,end?

u'ka:

di?

m]

心内膜

endothelium[,end?

u'ei：

im]

内皮

subendotheliallayer['lei?

内皮下层

subendocardiaiiayer

心内膜下层

Purkinjefibers

浦肯野纤维

myocardium[,mai?

u'ka:

di?

m]

心肌膜

epicardium[,epi'ka:

di?

m]

心外膜

artery['a:

t?

ri]

动脉

medium-sizedartery

中动脉

muscuiarartery

肌性动脉

tunicaintima['tju:

nik?

]['intim?

]

内膜

internaieiasticmembrane

内弹性膜

tunicamedia

中膜

tunicaadventitia[,?

dven'ti?

i?

外膜

externaieiasticmembrane

外弹性膜

iargeartery

大动脉

eiasticartery

弹性动脉

smaiiartery

小动脉

arterioie[a:

'ti?

ri?

u]

微动脉

capiiiary[k?

'pii?

ri,'k?

pi-]

毛细血管

continuouscapiiiary

连续性毛细血管

fenestrated[fi'nestreitid]capiiiary

有孔毛细血管

discontinuoussinusoidai[,sin?

's?

idi]capiiiary

不连续毛细血管

bioodsinusoid

血窦

vein[vein]

静脉

iymphatic[,iim'f?

tik]system

淋巴系统

iymphaticcapiiiary

毛细淋巴管

iymphaticvessei['ves?

i]

淋巴管

iymphatictrunks

淋巴干

iymphaticducts

淋巴导管

Immune[i'mju:

n]Systemlymphoid['limf?

id]organcentrallymphoidorganperipheral[p?

'rif?

r?

l]lymphoidorganlymphatictissuediffuselymphoidtissuelymphoidnodule['n?

dju:

l,-d?

u:

l]immunecell

thymus['0aim?

capsule['k?

psju:

l]interlobularseptum

thymocyte['0aimsa?

it]epithelialreticularcellthymicepithelialcellthymiccorpusclelymphoidnode

trabeculacorticalsinus['sain?

s]subcapsularsinusperitrabecularsinussuperficial[,sju:

p?

'fi?

?

l]cortex['k?

:

teks]paracortexzone[p?

r?

'k?

:

teks]thymusdependentareamedullarycord['med?

l?

ri]medullarysinus

spleenwhitepulp[p?

lp]

periarteriallymphaticsheath

centralarteryspleniccorpuscle['k?

:

p?

sl]redpulpspleniccord

splenicsinusmarginalzone['ma:

d?

in?

l]palatine['p?

l?

tain]tonsil['t?

nsil]mononuclear[,m?

n?

u'nju:

kli?

]phagocytic[,f?

g?

'sitik]单核吞噬细胞系统system

DigestiveSystem

消化系统

digestive[di'd?

estivtract

消化管

mucosa[mju:

'k?

us?

]

粘膜

laminapropria

固有层

muscularismucosa

粘膜肌层

submucosa

粘膜下层

muscularis

肌层

adventitia[,?

dven'ti?

i?

]

外膜

tongue[t?

?

]

舌

lingual['li?

gvpkplla[p?

'pil?

]

舌乳头

filiformpapilla

丝状乳头

fungiform['filif?

:

m]papilla

菌状乳头

circumvallate[,s?

:

k?

m'v?

leit]papilla

轮廓乳头

esophagus[i:

's?

f?

gs?

]

食管

stomach

胃

fundic['f?

ndik]gland

胃底腺

chiefcell

主细胞

zymogencell['zaim?

ud?

?

n]

胃酶细胞

parietalcell[p?

'raiit?

l]

壁细胞

oxyntic['?

ksintik]cell

泌酸细胞

mucous['mju:

k?

s]neckcell

颈粘液细胞

smallintestine[in'testin]

小肠

plicae['plaik?

circularis

环行皱襞

absorptive[?

b's?

:

ptiv]cell

吸收细胞

striatedborder

纹状缘

gobletcell

杯状细胞

endocrinecell['end?

ukrain,

内分泌细胞

smallintestinalgland

小肠腺

Panethcell

潘氏细胞

undifferentiatedcell

未分化细胞

intestinalvilus

肠绒毛

largeintestine

大肠

digestivegland

消化腺

pancreas['p?

nkri?

s]

胰

exocrineportion['eks?

krain]

外分泌部

pancreasislet['ailit]

胰岛

glucagon['glu:

k?

g?

n]

胰高血糖素

insulin['insjulin

胰岛素

somatostatin[,s?

um?

t?

'st?

tin,

生长抑素

liver['liv?

]

肝

hepatic[hi'p?

tik]lobule/liverlobule[/'l?

bju:

l/]

肝小叶

hepaticplate/liverplate

肝板

limitingplate

界板

hepatocyte['hep?

t?

sait,

肝细胞

Kupffercell

库普弗细胞

hepaticsinusoid['sain?

s?

id]

肝血窦

Dissespace

狄氏间隙

perisinusoidalspace

窦周隙

bile[bail]canaliculus[,k?

n?

'likjul?

s]

胆小管

portalcanalarea

门管区

interlobularvein

小叶间静脉

interlobularartery

小叶间动脉

interlobularbileduct

小叶间胆管

Respiratory['resp?

r?

t?

ri,]System

呼吸系统

trachea[tr?

'ki:

?

'treiki?

]

气管

lung[l?

?

]

肺

conductingportion

导气部

lobarbronchus['br?

?

k?

s]

叶支气管

smallbronchus

小支气管

bronchiole['br?

?

ki?

ul]

细支气管

terminal['t?

:

min?

l]bronchiole

终末细支气管

respiratory['resp?

r?

t?

ri,portion

呼吸部

respiratorybronchiole

呼吸性细支气管

alveolar[?

l'vi?

l?

]duct

肺泡管

alveolarsac

肺泡囊

pulmonary,['p?

lm?

n?

riacinus['?

sin?

s]

肺泡

alveolarepithelium

肺泡上皮

typeIalveolarcell

I型肺泡细胞

typenalveolarcell

n型肺泡细胞

surfactant[s?

:

'f?

kt?

nt]

表面活性物质

alveolarseptum['sep?

tm]

肺泡隔

alveolarpore

肺泡孔

pulmonarymacrophage

肺巨噬细胞

dustcell

尘细胞

blood-airbarrier

血－气屏障

respiratorymembrane

呼吸膜

Urinary['ju?

rin?

ri]System

泌尿系统

kidney['kidni]

肾

renal['ri:

n?

l]cortex['k?

:

teks]

肾皮质

renalmedulla[me'd?

l?

]

肾髓质

corticallabyrinth['l?

b?

rin0]

皮质迷路

medullaryray

髓放线

uriniferoustubule

泌尿小管

nephron['nefr?

n]

肾单位

renalcorpuscle

肾小体

vascular['v?

skjul?

]pole

血管极

urinarypole

尿极

renalglomerulus[gl?

'merjul?

s]

肾小球

mesangium[me's?

nd?

i?

m]

血管系膜

mesangialcell

系膜细胞

mesangialmatrix['meitriks]

系膜基质

renalcapsule['k?

psju:

l]

肾小囊

parietallayer[p?

'raiit?

l]

壁层

viscerallayer['vis?

r?

l]

脏层

capsularspace

肾小囊腔

podocyte[p?

d?

'sait]

足细胞

slitmembrane

裂孔膜

filtration[fil'trei?

?

n]membrane

滤过膜

filtrationbarrier

滤过屏障

renaltubule

肾小管

proximal['pr?

ksim?

l]tubule

近端小管

thinsegment['segm?

nt

细段

distaltubule[dis't?

l]

远端小管

parsconvolute['k?

nv?

lu:

t]

曲部

parsrecta['rekt?

]

直部

proximalconvolutedtubule

近曲小管

brushborder

刷状缘

lateralprocess

侧突

basalstriation

基底纵纹

distalconvolutedtubule

远曲小管

collectiontubule

集合管

juxtaglomerular[,d?

?

kst?

gl?

'merjul?

]complex

球旁复合体

juxtaglomerularapparatus[,?

p?

'reit?

s]

肾小球旁器

juxtaglomerularcell

球旁细胞

renin['ri:

nin,'re-]

肾素

macula['m?

kjul?

]densaextraglomerularmesangialcell

Skinepidermis[,epi'd?

:

mis]dermis['d?

:

mis]stratum['str