统编高中英语人教版必修第二册 学习助手 Unit 4 Period One.docx

统编高中英语人教版必修第二册 学习助手 Unit 4 Period One.docx

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统编高中英语人教版必修第二册学习助手Unit4PeriodOne

Sailorsusedtospeakofa“Jack”whentheymeantaflagwhichwassetnearthebowofasailingship.Theflagshowedthecountrytowhichtheshipbelonged1.TheUnionJackbecametheflagofGreatBritain.Australia’sflaghastheUnionJackinthetoplefthandcornertogetherwiththestarsoftheSouthernCross.TheyhavekeptthissmallpartofBritainontheirflagbecausetheircountrywasfirstsettledbypeoplefromBritain.

Australia’sflagisthesamecolorastheUnionJack—red，whiteandblue.Theactofjoiningtogetheriscalleda“Union”．TheUnionJackwasthenameoftheflagmadewhenEngland，ScotlandandIrelandjoinedtogethertomakeonecountry.Itallbeganin1707whenEnglandandScotlandjoinedtogethertobecomeonenation.Aflagwasmadeusingtwocrosses—oneforthepatronsaint（守护神）ofeachcountry.Theword“patron”meansprotector.ManycenturiesbeforetheEnglishhadtakenStGeorgeastheirpatronsaint，hisemblem（标志）wasaredcrossonawhitebackground.TheScottishpatronsaintwasStAndrew.Inmemoryofhim，theyusedawhitecrossonabluebackground.Thiscrosswasshapedliketheletter“X”．Thenewflagwasamixtureofbothflagswithtwosetsofcrosses2.WhenIrelandjoinedEnglandandScotlandin1800，anothercrosswasadded.StPatrick’scrossofIrelandwasredandalsoshapedlikean“X”．AllthreeflagsmadeuptheUnionJack.

靓句运用于写作

1．Moreover，withthestadiumsetup，awiderangeofsportseventsareabletobeheld，ofwhichpingpong，footballaswellasrunningcompetitionsenjoygreatpopularity.

（2018·全国Ⅲ，书面表达）

2．Attheclassmeeting,ourteachertoldusabouttheprogrammewiththetheme“Labouristhemostglorious”．（2019·北京，书面表达）

PeriodOne　ListeningandSpeaking&ReadingandThinking—Comprehending

匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思

[第一组]

1．charge　　A．围绕；包围

2．achievementB．占领；征服；控制

3．conquerC．收费；指控；主管

4．surroundD．宣布；通知；声称

5.announceE．成就；成绩；达到

答案　1.C　2.E　3.B　4.A　5.D

[第二组]

6．locationA．迷惑；使困惑

7．puzzleB．证据；证明

8．legalC．保证；确保；担保

9．evidenceD．地方；地点；位置

10．ensureE．法律的；合法的

答案　6.D　7.A　8.E　9.B　10.C

[第三组]

11．approachA．慷慨的；大方的；丰富的

12．amountB．方法；途径；接近

13．fascinatingC．金额；数量

14．individualD．单独的；个别的

15．generousE．迷人的；极有吸引力的

答案　11.B　12.C　13.E　14.D　15.A

[第四组]

16．mansionA．墓地；公墓

17．cemeteryB．公馆；宅第

18．chiefC．应在（某处）；适应

19．belongD．防御；保卫

20．defenceE．最重要的；最高级别的

答案　16.B　17.A　18.E　19.C　20.D

1．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

A．ThehistoryoftheUnitedKingdom.

B．ThegeographyoftheUnitedKingdom.

C．ThepeopleoftheUnitedKingdom.

D．ThepoliticsoftheUnitedKingdom.

答案　A

2．Matcheachparagraphwithitstopicsentence.

Para.1　A．TheUKisacountrythatiswellworthvisiting.

Para.2B．Thesimilarities（相似点）anddifferencesofthefourcountriesthatmakeuptheUK.

Para.3C．ThefourgroupsofpeoplethatinfluencedthehistoryandtraditionsoftheUK.

Para.4D．People’sconfusionaboutthedifferentnamesoftheUK.

Para.5E．HowtheUKcameintobeing.

答案　Para.1D　Para.2E　Para.3B　Para.4CPara.5A

Ⅰ.Judgewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue（T）orfalse（F）．

1．ScotlandwasthefirstcountrythatwasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.（F）

2．ThefourcountriesthatmakeuptheUKallhavethearmyoftheirown.（F）

3．TheNormansaddedsomeFrenchwordstotheEnglishlanguage.（T）

4．TheAnglo-SaxonsinfluencedthebuildingstylesoftheUK.（T）

5．IfyouwanttovisittheUnitedKingdom，itisagoodideatostartwithLondon.（T）

Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswer.

1．Whendidthename“theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”begintoappear?

A．Inthe16thcentury.

B．Inthe18thcentury.

C．Inthe19thcentury.

D．Inthe20thcentury.

答案　D

2．WhichofthefollowingisnotpartoftheUK?

A．England.B．Scotland.

C．NorthernIreland.D．SouthernIreland.

答案　D

3．ThefourcountriesthatmakeuptheUKsharethesamethingsexcept        .

A．nationalflagB．educationsystems

C．currencyD．militarydefence

答案　B

4．WhichgroupofpeoplemadechangestothelegalsystemoftheUK?

A．TheRomans.B．TheVikings.

C．TheNormans.D．TheAnglo-Saxons.

答案　C

5．WhyistheUKagreatplacethatiswellworthvisiting?

A．Ithasalonghistoryandrichculture.

B．Therearealotofhistoricsitesinit.

C．Itsmuseumsarealsowell-known.

D．Alltheabove.

答案　D

Afterreadingthepassage，pleasefillinthefollowingblanks.

TheUK，whichisalsoreferred1.toasBritainorGreatBritain，isa2.fascinating（fascinate）countrywithalonghistory.Itismadeup3.offourcountries—England，Scotland，WalesandNorthernIreland.Thefourcountriesworktogetherinsomeareas，buttheyalsohavesome4.differences（different），suchasdifferenteducationsystems，legalsystems，andnationaldays.TheUKwasoncetakenoverbyfourgroupsofpeople，whohadagreatinfluence5.onthecultureofthiscountryinmanyways.Forexample，theRomans,6.whocameinthefirstcentury，builtmanytownsandroadsalloverthecountry.TheAnglo-Saxons7.introduced（introduce）thebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage.TheVikingsleftbehindthenamesofmanylocationsandtheNormanshadcastles8.built（build）allaroundEngland.Ifyouhaveknownthehistoryandgeographyofthiscountry，youwillnot9.be confused（confuse）bywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.Studyingthehistoryofthecountrywillmakeyourvisitmuch10.more enjoyable（enjoy）．

1．GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.

[句式分析]　本句为一个简单句。

句中GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistory是动名词短语作主语。

动名词（短语）作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。

[自主翻译]　了解一点英国的历史将会帮助你解开这一谜团。

2．Finally，inthe20thcentury，thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK，whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday：

theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.

[句式分析]　本句为一个含有定语从句的复合句。

whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday为非限制性定语从句，关系代词which代指“爱尔兰南部地区从英国脱离出去”这件事。

[自主翻译]　后来到了20世纪，爱尔兰南部地区从英国脱离出去，这才有了我们现在所知的英国的全称：

大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。

3．Theyusethesameflag，knownastheUnionJack，aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.

[句式分析]　本句为一个复合句。

句中knownastheUnionJack为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词flag，相当于非限制性定语从句whichisknownastheUnionJack。

[自主翻译]　像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面被称为联合杰克的国旗。

4．TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland，andmadechangestothelegalsystem.

[句式分析]　本句为一个简单句。

hadcastlesbuilt为“havesth. done”结构，意为“让某事被做”，过去分词在句中作宾语补足语。

[自主翻译]　他们在英格兰到处建立城堡，而且还对法律体系作了更改。

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Newcastle，oneofthefastestdevelopingcitiesintheUnitedKingdom，isbeginningtodrawtouristsfromallcornersofEurope.It’ssaidthatmostvisitorscomeheretoseethefamoussoccerteamplay.Themoodofthelocalsisoftenchangedbythesuccessorfailureofthelocalteam.

Newcastle’smostpopularplaceistheGate，whichisinthecenterofthecityandhasmanyattractionsincludingbars，restaurants，sportsbars，pubsandsoon.Duringahomegameitbecomesarealhometohappiness.

Cultureandlocalhistoryloverscanmaketheirdreamscometruebytakingoneofthelocalcitytourbuses.Theycomeandleaveeveryfewminutesandstopatalltheimportanthistoricalsitesinthecity.Alsotheseatsandtheenvironmentonthebusesarecomfortable.It’sthebestwaytoseethecitywithouttiringyourselfoutorgettingcold.PlacessuchastheHancockMuseumandMillenniumBridgearemust-seeattractions.Butbecarefulifyou’reshortoftime.Newcastleisabigplace，soyoushouldbepreparedtokillafewhoursononeofthesebuses.

IfyouwanttowatchthelocalteamplaysoccerintheSt.JamesPark，remembertobookaticketasearlyaspossible.Thelocalsarecrazysoccerfans，andyou’llfindithardtogetaticketifyoudon’twaitinthequeueearly.

Asyoucansee，Newcastleisafascinatingcitywithsomuchtobeofferedandsomanythingstosee.You’resuretohaveawonderfultimehere!

1．MostvisitorscometoNewcastleinorderto      .

A．watchitssoccerteamplay

B．takethelocaltourbuses

C．visittheHancockMuseum

D．haveabigmealinrestaurants

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。

根据第一段的第二句“It’ssaidthatmostvisitorscomeheretoseethefamoussoccerteamplay.”可知，大多数游客来这里是为了看足球比赛。

2．IfyouwanttolearnaboutthehistoryandcultureofNewcastle，you        .

A．shouldgototheGate

B．cangoonacitytour

C．mustvisitSt.JamesPark

D．mustdriveyourowncar

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。

根据第三段的第一句“Cultureandlocalhistoryloverscanmaketheirdreamscometruebytakingoneofthelocalcitytourbuses.”可知答案。

3．Theunderlinedword“They”inPara.3refersto“        ”．

A．historyloversB．localpeople

C．citytourbusesD．localsoccerteams

答案　C

解析　代词指代题。

根据常识，代词一般指上文提到的名词，再结合句中的“comeandleaveeveryfewminutesandstopatalltheimportanthistoricalsitesinthecity”可知，They在此处指上句提到的城市旅游巴士。

4．Accordingtothepassage，whichoneisNOTcorrect?

A．ThemostpopularplaceinNewcastleistheGate.

B．MillenniumBridgeisattractivetocultureandlocalhistorylovers.

C．Themoodofthelocalscan’tbeinfluencedbythesuccessorfailureofthelocalteam.

D．You’dbetterbookaticketasearlyaspossibleifyouwanttowatchthelocalteamplaysoccer.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

根据第一段的最后一句“Themoodofthelocalsisoftenchangedbythesuccessorfailureofthelocalteam.”可知，C项的表述是不正确的。

B

OverthecenturiestheFrenchhavelostanumberoffamousbattleswiththeBritish.However，they’vealwaysfeltsuperiorinthekitchen.Francehasforcenturieshadareputationforcookingexcellence，andBritainforsomeoftheworstcookingintheworld.Butaccordingtoarecentsurvey，thatreputationmaynolongerreflectreality.

Inthesurvey,71%oftheBritonssaidtheycookathomeeveryday，whileonly59%oftheFrenchsaidtheycookdaily.BritishhomecooksspendmoretimecookingeachweekandalsoproduceagreatervarietyofdishesthanFrenchhomecooks.

ThereactioninLondonwaspredictablyenthusiastic.