最新中考形容词语法.docx
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最新中考形容词语法
中考形容词语法
1、形容词的词法功能
成分
用法
示例
作定语
1、形容词放在名词前作定语,多个形容词的排列顺序:
限定描绘大长高;形状年龄和新老;颜色国籍跟材料;作用类别往后靠。
Eg:
asmallroundwoodentable;alightbluewoolensweater;adirtyoldbrownshirt
2、形容词作后置定语:
不定代词作后置定语
长宽高深年龄等形容词后置;
Else只能做后置定语
形容词短语要后置
Somethingimportant
Halfameterdeep
14yearsold
Anyoneelse
Abasketfullofapples
作表语
1、放在系动词之后:
be;feel;look;taste;smell;sound;get;go;become;turn;seem
2、只能作表语的系动词:
afraid;alone;asleep;awake;alive;well;ill
作宾语补足语
用在make;keep;leave
Makemeangry
形容词名词化
The+形容词表示一类人,谓语动词用复数
Thedead;theliving;therich;thepoor
2、变化规则
变化规则
例子
1、一般加-er;-est
Long-longer-longest;short-shorter-shortest
2、以e结尾加r和est
Nice-nicer-nicest;late-later-latest
3、以辅音字母结尾重读闭音节
Hot-hotter-hottest;fat-fatter-fattest
4、以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i加es
Easy-easier-easiest;happy-happier-happiest
5、多音节词和部分双音节词,在词的前面加more和most
Beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful
Delicious-moredelicious-mostdelicious
6、不规则变化
Good-better-best
Bad-worse-worst
Many/much-more-most
Little-less-least
Far-farther/further-farthest/furthest
Old-older/elder-oldest/eldest
3、形容词原级的判定方法
1、由表示程度的副词very;so;too;enough;quite;等修饰时,用形容词的原级;如:
thefilmistooboring.
2、表示两者在某一方面相同或不同时用原级
用法
示例
A=B:
A...+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B
EnglishisaninterestingasChinese.
A≠B:
A...+not+as/so+形容词/副词原级+B
Iamnotas/socarefulasLucy.
表示“A是B的......倍时,”用“A+倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B”结构(一倍once;两倍twice;三倍及以上用:
基数词+times)
Ourschoolisthreetimesasbigastheirs.
Asmuch/many...+as表示前后的数量相同
Johnearnsasmuchmoneyashisbrother.
As+原级+as+用作比喻的名词,意为“像......一样”此结构可以构成许多习惯用语,多用于口语
Heisasbusyasabee.
4、形容词比较级的判定方法
1、由表示程度的副词alittle;abit;afew;alot,much,evenstill,far,rather,any等修饰时,用形容词或副词的比较级,如:
Itisevencoldertoday.
2、比较级的常见结构
用法
示例
A+be/动词+比较级+than+B,表示“A比B...”
Theboxisheavierthanthatone.
“the+比较级......the+比较级”表示“越...就越...”
Themoreweknoweachother,thebetterweunderstandeachother.
比较级+and+比较级,表示“越来越......”
注意:
若是比较级是在原级前加more构成的,则用“moreandmore+原级”表示
Ourcityisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.
A+be/动词+less+多音节形容词原级+than+B,表示“A不及B”
Thefilmwaslessinterestingthanthebook.
表示两者之间进行选择时,用句型:
which/who+be+比较级,AorB?
Whichisnearertothesun,themoonortheearth?
表示两者之间较......的一个(ofthetwo),常用the+比较级结构
Peteristhethinnerofthetwins.
表示几倍于......时,用倍数+比较级+than表示
TheYangtzeRiverisalmosttwicelongerthanthePearlRiver.
比其他的任何一个:
比较级thananyother名单(同一范围)
=比较级thantheother名复(同一范围)
=比较级thananyoneelse(同一范围)
比较级thanany名单(不同范围)
Heismorecleverthananyotherboyinhisclass.
Heistallerthantheothergirlsinhisclass.
Jackstudiesharderthananyoneelseinhisclass.
用法
示例
1、表示三者或者三者以上的人或者事物进行比较时,用最高级形式,形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前不用加。
句末常跟in/of/among短语来表示范围,即用“A+be+the+最高+(in/of/among)”表示
Thispictureisthebestofall.
2、“A+be+oneof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数+谓语动词用三单”表示A是...中...之一
DengZiqiisoneofthemostpopularsingers.
3、表示三者或者三者以上的人或物当中选择时,用句型:
“which/who+be/动词+the+最高级,A,BorC?
”
Whojumpshighest,Tom,Kateorbill?
4、“A+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+范围”表示“第几最”
ItisthesecondtallestTowerintheworld.
5、形容词最高级前面可以用物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰,但此时不能再加定冠词the
Sheismybestfriend.
6、比较级结构可以表示最高级含义
Helistenstotheteachermorecarefullythananyotherstudentinourclass.
7、某人见过最......
Itisthemostinterestingmoviethatihaveeverseen.
5、如何判断空格处使用形容词
使用形容词的情况
示例
1、位于系动词后作表语
Thisdressisverybeautiful.
2、位于名词前作定语
Ineedtohaveagoodrestafteralongtimeofwork.
3、位于复合不定词之后做后置定语,修饰复合不定代词
Thereisnothingseriouswithyourphone.
4、位于宾语之后作宾语,常与make,leave,keep等动词连用
Everyoneshouldmakehisownlifecolourful.
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1.阅读理解
Manycarsinadvertisementsarered,blueorgreenbutalmost75percentofnewcarssoldareblack,white,silverorgrey.
Asurveyshowspeoplepreferthecarcolorsthatdon'tshowdirtsuchasgrey.Thatmeanstheownerscanwashtheircarsless,savingmoney.Besides,someareasthatareshortofwaterdonotallowpeopletowashtheircarsoften.
Accordingtoanothersurvey,whitecarsareoftensoldmorethancarsofothercolors.InChina,carbuyerssaywhitemakesasmallcarlookbigger.Carbuyersinothercountriesalsolikewhite.Andtheresearchalsosuggeststhatthereisalowerriskofaccidentsduringthedayforwhitecarscomparedwithdarkerones.Peoplealsothinkthetemperatureinsidewhitecarsislowerthanthatincarsofothercolors.
Atpresent,everyyearabout11percentofcarssoldareredand8percentareblue.Greenhasbecomelesspopular.Inthemid1990s,greenwasthemostpopularcolorinmanyplacesoftheworld.Buttoday,greencarsarehardtofind.
Sometimeinthefuture,peoplemaynothavetochoosethecoloroftheircartechnologymayletownerschangetheircar'spaintcoloranytime.
(1)Youcanoftensee carsinadvertisements.
A. white
B. black
C. red
D. silver
(2)Carbuyerschoosegreybecausethey .
A. canwashtheircarsless B. don'tneedtowashcars
C. canpaylessmoneyforcars D. don'tallowwashingcars
(3)Accordingtothepassage,whitecarslook thanthoseofothercolors.
A. safer B. darker C. cheaper D. bigger
(4)Greencars .
A. makeup11%ofthecarssold
B. arehardtofindallthetime
C. werethemostpopularinthemid1990s D. werelesspopularthanbluecarsinthepast
(5)Inthefuture,wecan .
A. choosecarsinallcolors B. paintourcarsanycoloranywhere
C. buycarsinallcolors
D. changeourcar'spaintcoloranytime
【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)A
(4)C
(5)D
【解析】【分析】大意:
本文讲述车的颜色,以及使用某些颜色的原因。
(1)细节题。
根据Manycarsinadvertisementsarered,可知,广告里的车的颜色是经常是红色的,故选C。
(2)细节题。
根据Asurveyshowspeoplepreferthecarcolorsthatdon'tshowdirtsuchasgrey.Thatmeanstheownerscanwashtheircarsless,可知,车的用户选择灰色的车,因为他们可以更少洗车,故选A。
(3)细节题。
根据theresearchalsosuggeststhatthereisalowerriskofaccidentsduringthedayforwhitecarscomparedwithdarkerones.可知,研究表明白色的车比其他颜色的车更安全,故选A。
(4)推断题。
根据Inthemid1990s,greenwasthemostpopularcolorinmanyplacesoftheworld.可知,在20世纪90年代绿色的是世纪很多地方最受欢迎的颜色,推出绿色的车那时应该是最受欢迎的,故选C。
(5)细节题。
根据Sometimeinthefuture,peoplemaynothavetochoosethecoloroftheircartechnologymayletownerschangetheircar'spaintcoloranytime.可知,将来,我们可以在任何时候改变我们车的漆的颜色,故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。
细节题需要从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息。
2.阅读理解
I'velovedmymother'sdesksinceIwasjusttallenoughtoseeabovethetopofitasmothersatwritingletters.Standingbyherchair,lookingattheinkbottle,pens,andwhitepaper,Ithoughtthattheactofwritingisthecoolestthingintheworld.
Yearslater,duringherfinalillness,mymotherkeptdifferentthingsformysisterandmybrother.“Butthedesk,”Shesaid,“it'sforHelen.”
AlthoughIknewshelovedmeandsheonlyshoweditinaction,Iwantedhearttohearttalksbetweenmotheranddaughter.Buttheyneverhappened.Andagulfopenedbetweenus.Iwas“tooemotional(易动感情的)”,butshelived“onthesurface”.
Ihadmyownfamilylater.Ilovedmymotherandthankedherforourhappyfamily.Iwrotetoherincarefulwordsandaskedhertoletmeknowinanywayshechosethatsheforgaveme.Ipostedtheletterandwaitedforheranswer.Itdidn'tcome.
Myhopeturnedtodisappointment,thenlittleinterestandfinally,peace—itseemedthatnothinghappened.Iwasn'tevensureiftheletterhadgottomother.IonlyknewthatIhadwrittenit,andIneverheardfromher!
Nowthepresentofherdesktold,asshe'dneverbeenableto,thatshewaspleasedthatwritingwasmychosenwork.Icleanedthedeskcarefullyandfoundsomepapersinside—aphotoofmyfatherandaonepageletter,foldedandrefoldedmanytimes.
Givemeananswer,myletterasks,inanywayyouchoose.Mother,youalwayschosetheactthatspeakslouderthanwords.
(1)Thewriterbegantolovehermother'sdesk________.
A. whenmothergaveittoher B. beforeshewasbadlyill
C. whenshewasachild
D. aftermotherdied
(2)Fromthepassage,wecanknowthatthewriter'smother________.
A. wascoldonthesurfacebutkindinherhearttoherdaughter
B. wastooseriousabouteverythingherdaughterhaddone
C. caredmuchaboutherdaughterinwords
D. wrotetoherdaughterincarefulwords
(3)Theunderlinedword“gulf”means“________”inChinese.
A. 理解 B. 鸿沟 C. 沟通 D. 港湾
(4)Whatdidmotherdowithherdaughter'sletteraskingforgiveness?
A. Shehadneverreceivedtheletter.
B. Foryears,sheoftentalkedabouttheletter.
C. Shedidn'tforgiveherdaughteratallinallherlife.
D. Shereadtheletteragainandagaintillshedied.
(5)What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?
A. MyLettertoMother
B. MotherandChildren
C. MyMother'sDesk
D. TalksbetweenMotherandMe
【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)B
(4)D
(5)C
【解析】【分析】本文叙述了作者的妈妈是从事写作的,经常看见妈妈在课桌旁忙碌,所以作者在小的时候,就喜欢妈妈的桌子了,妈妈也了解女儿的心思,在去世前把课桌留给了她,作者给妈妈的信也在课桌里找到了。
课桌寄托了作者对妈妈的思念之情。
(1)细节理解题。
根据I'velovedmymother'sdesksinceIwasjusttallenoughtoseeabovethetopofitasmothersatwritingletters.可知,自从作者长到和桌子差不多高的时候,就喜欢上了妈妈的桌子,说明作者在小的时候,就喜欢妈妈的桌子了。
故选C。
(2)细节理解题。
根据短文第三段可知,作者的妈妈虽然爱作者,但是她只是付诸于行动,表面是冷漠的,但是内心是对作者很好的。
故选A。
(3)词义猜测题。
根据Al