大学英语四级真题及答案汇总.docx

大学英语四级真题及答案汇总.docx

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大学英语四级真题及答案汇总

2011年12月大学英语四级真题及答案汇总

2011年12月19日14:

50:

00   来源：

人民网

　　2011年12月大学英语四六级考试已结束，人民网教育频道第一时间收集整理试题及参考答案，供考生参考，以下为新东方版英语四级真题汇总。

　　PartⅠWriting（30minutes）

　　注意：

此部分试题在答题卡1上．

　　Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledNothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillbycommentingonthehumoroussaying,"Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I'vedoneithundredsoftimes."Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

　　PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

　　Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.Forquestions8-10,completethesentencewiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

　　WhyIntegrityMatters

　　WhatIsIntegrity?

　　Thekeytointegrityisconsistency-notonlysettinghighpersonalstandardsforoneself（honesty,responsibility,respectforothers,fairness）butalsolivinguptothosestandardseachandeveryday.Onewhohasintegrityisboundbyandfollowsmoralandethical（道德上的）standardsevenwhenmakinglife'shardchoices,choiceswhichmaybecloudedbystress,pressuretosucceed,ortemptation.

　　Whathappensifwelie,cheat,steal,orviolateotherethicalstandard?

（道德底线，道德标准）Wefeeldisappointedinourselvesandashamed.Butalapse（缺失）ofintegrityalsoaffectsourrelationshipswithothers.Trustisessentialinanyimportantrelationship,whetherpersonalorprofessional.Whocantrustsomeonewhoisdishonestorunfair?

Thusintegritymustbeoneofourmostimportantgoals.

　　RiskyBusiness（乖仔也疯狂）

　　Weareeachresponsibleforourowndecisions,evenifthedecision,makingprocesshasbeenunderminedbystressorpeerpressure.Therealtestofcharacteriswhetherwecanlearnfromourmistake,byunderstandingwhyweactedaswedidandthenexploringwaystoavoidsimilarproblemsinthefuture.

　　Makingethicaldecisionsisacriticalpartofavoidingfutureproblems.Wemustlearntorecognizerisks,becauseifwecan'tseetheriskswe'retaking,wecan'tmakeresponsiblechoices.Toidentifyrisks,weneedtoknowtherulesandbeawareofthefacts.Forexample,onewhodoesn'tknowtherulesaaboutplagiarism（剽窃）mayaccidentallyusewordsorideaswithoutgivingpropercreditoronewhofailstokeepcarefulresearchnotesmayunintentionallyfailtoquoteandcitesourcesasrequired.Butthefactthatsuchaviolationis"unintentional"doesnotexcusethemisconduct,Ignoranceisnotadefense.

　　"ButEverybodyDoesIt"

　　Mostpeoplewhogetintroubledoknowtherulesandfactsbutmanagetofoolthemselvesabouttherisksthey'retakingbyusingexcuses:

"Everyoneelsedoesit.""I'mnothurtinganyone",or"Ireallyneedthisgrade."Excusescangetveryelaborate:

"IknowI'mlookatanother'sexam,eventhoughI'msupposedtokeepmyeyesonmyownpaper,butthat'snotcheatingbecauseI’mjustcheckingmyanswers,notcopying."Wemustbehonestaboutouractionsandavoidexcuses,ifwefoolourselvesintobelievingwe'renotdoinganythingwrong,wecan'tseetherealchoicewe'remaking-andthatleadstobaddecisions.

　　Toavoidfoolingyourself,watchoutforexcusesandtrythistest:

Askhowyouwouldfeelifyouractionswerepublicandanyonecouldbewatchingoveryoreshoulder.Ifyou'dratherhideyouractions,that'sanindicationthatyou'retakingariskandrationalizingittoyourself.

　　EvaluatingRisks

　　Todecidewhetherariskisworthtaking,youmustexaminetheconsequences,inthefutureaswellasrightnow,negativeaswellaspositive,andtoothersaswellastoyourself.Thosewhotakeriskstheylaterregretusuallyfocusonimmolatebenefitsandsimplyhaven'tconsideredwhatmightgowrong.Theconsequencesofgettingcaughtareseriousandmayincludea"O"onatestorassignment,an"F"intheclass,suspension（暂令停学）ordismissalfromschoolandaruinedreputation.Infact,whenyoubreakaroleorlaw,youlosecontroloveryourlifeandgiveothersthepowertoimposepunishmentthatyouhavenocontrolover.Thisisanextremelyvulnerable（脆弱的）position.Theremaybesomemattersoflifeanddeathorhighestprinciple,whichmightjustifysucharisk,buttherearen'tmanythingsthatfallinthiscategory.

　　GettingAwaywithit-OrNot

　　Thosewhodon'tgetcaughtpayanevenhigherprice.Acheaterdoesn'tlearnfromthetest,whichdeprives（剥夺）himherofaneducation.Cheatingunderminesconfidenceandindependence:

thecheaterisafraud,andknowsthatwithoutdishonesty,he/shewouldhavefailed.Cheatingdestroysself-respectandintegrity,leavingthecheaterashamed,guiltyandafraidofgettingcaught.

　　Worstofall,acheaterwhodoesn'tgetcaughtthefirsttimeusuallycheatsagain,notonlybecausehe/sheisfartherbehind,butalsobecauseitseems"easier."Thisslipperyslopeoferodingethicsandbiggerrisksleadsonlytodisaster.Eventually,thecheatergetscaught,andthelaterhe/shegetscaught,theworsetheconsequences.

　　CheatingHurtsOther,Too

　　Cheatersoftenfeelinvisible,asiftheiractions"don'tcount"anddon'treallyhurtanyone.Butindividualchoiceshaveanintensecumulative（累积的）effect.Cheatingcanspreadlikeadisease.Recentstatisticssuggest30％ormoreofcollegestudentscheat.Ifaclassisgradedonacurve,cheatinghurtsothers'grades.Evenifthereisnocurve,cheating"poisons"theclassroom,andothersmayfeelpressuredtojoinin.（"IfIdon'tcheatIcan'tcompetewiththosewhodo"）Cheatingalsohasadestructiveimpactonteachers.Therealrewardofgoofteachingisseeingstudentslearn.Butacheatersays."I'mnotinterestedinwhatyou'retryingtoteach,allIcareaboutisstealingagrade,regardlessoftheeffectonothers."Theendresultisadestructiveattackonthequalityofyoureducation.Finally,cheatingcanhurtthereputationoftheuniversityandharmthosewhoworkedhardfortheirdegree.

　　WhyIntegrityMarten

　　Ifcheatingbecomesthenorm,thenweareinbigtrouble.Wemustrelyonthehonestyandgoodfaithofothers,ifnot,wecouldn'tputmoneyinthebank,buyfood,clothing,ormedicinefromothers,driveacrossabridge,getonaplane,gotothedentist--thelistisendless.Therearemanyexamplesofthevastharmthatiscausedwhenindividualsforgetorignoretheeffecttheirdishonestycanhave.Thesavingsandloanscandal,thestockmarketandjunkbondswindles,and,ofcourse,Watergate,haveunderminedthefaithofmanyAmericansintheintegrityofpoliticalandeconomicleadersandsocietyasawhole.Suchincidentstakeatremendoustollonournation'seconomyandourindividualwell-being.Forexample,butforthesavingsandloandebacle,theremightbefundsavailabletoreducethenationaldebtandpayforeducation.

　　Insum,weallhaveacommonstakeinourschool,ourcommunity,andoursociety.Ouractionsdomatter.Itisessentialthatweactwithintegrityinordertobuildthekindofworldinwhichwewanttolive.

　　1.Apersonofintegritynotonlysetshighmoralandethicalstandardsbutalso_______.

　　A）stickstothemintheirdailylife

　　B）makesthemknowntoothers

　　C）understandstheirtruevalues

　　D）seesthatothersalsofollowthem

　　2.Whatroledoesintegrityplayinpersonalandprofessionalrelationships?

　　A）Ithelpstocreateteamspirit

　　B）Itfacilitatescommunication

　　C）Itisthebasisofmutualtrust

　　D）Itinspiresmutualrespect

　　3.whymustwelearntoidentifytheriskswearegoingtotake？

　　A.Toensurewemakeresponsiblechoices.

　　B.Toavoidbeingoverwhelmedbystress.

　　C.sothatwedon’tbreakanyrules.

　　D.sothatwedon’trunintotrouble.

　　4.Violationofaruleismisconductevenif_______?

　　A.ithascausednoharm.

　　B.itisclaimedtobeunintentional.

　　C.ithasgoneunnoticed.

　　D.itiscommittedwithgoodintentions.

　　5.Whatshouldonedoifhedoesn’twishtofoolhimself?

　　A.Avoidmakingexcuses.

　　B.Listentootherpeople’sadvice.

　　C.Makehisintensionspublic.

　　D.Haveotherswatchoverhisshoulder.

　　6.Thosewhotakeriskstheyregretlateron_______.

　　A.willoftenbecomemorecautious

　　B.areusuallyveryaggressive

　　C.valueimmediatebenefitsmost.

　　D.mayloseeverythingintheend

　　7.Accordingtotheauthor,acheaterwhodoesn’tgetcaughtrightawaywill_______.

　　A）paymoredearly

　　B）becomemoreconfident

　　C）bewidelyadmired

　　D）feelsomewhatlucky

　　8.Cheatersatexamdon’tcareabouttheireducation,alltheycareaboutishowtostealingagrade

　　9.Integritymattersinthatallsocialactivitiesrelyonpeople’shonestyandgoodfaith.

　　10.ManyAmericanslostfaithintheintegrityoftheirpoliticalleadersasaresultoftheWatergatescandal.

　　PartⅣReadingComprehension（ReadinginDepth）（25minutes）

　　SectionA

　　Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

　　Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Withtheworld'spopulationestimatedtogrowfromsixtoninebillionby2050,researchers.businessesandgovernmentsarealreadydealingwiththeimpactthisincreasewillhaveoneverythingfromfoodandwatertoinfrastructure（基础设施）andjobs.Underlingallthis47willbethedemandfo