Unit 1 People of achievement能力提升高二英语单元测试人教版选择性必修第一册解析版.docx

Unit 1 People of achievement能力提升高二英语单元测试人教版选择性必修第一册解析版.docx

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Unit1Peopleofachievement能力提升高二英语单元测试人教版选择性必修第一册解析版

人教版2019选择性必修第一册

2020-2021学年高二英语单元测试定心卷

能力提升

I.阅读理解

A

Sharon,Age22

Themostimportantthingtokeepinmindwhengoingintohighschoolistobeyourself.Besides,Idon'tknowwhatyourmiddleschoolwaslike,buthighschoolteacherwillnotcareaboutthingssuchashowmuchhomeworkyoualreadyhaveinonenight.It'sbesttojustlearntodealwiththingsandmanageyourtimewiselysoyoucanachieveeverythingyouneedto.

Frank,Aged21

Ithinkalmosteverykidfeelsbothnervousandexcitedbeforetheirfirstday.Youwillprobablyloveit.Idid.Youshouldjoininsomesportsoractivitiesthatwillmakeyourhighschoolexperiencemoreenjoyable.Goodluck!

Eddie,Aged20

WhenIstartedhighschool,Iwasreallynervoustoo,especiallysinceIhadbeenhomeschooledallthroughmiddleschoolanddidn'treallyknowanyone.Isupposethebestadvicewouldbetojustrelax.Thefirstcoupleofdayscanbealittlebithard,butthingswillbecomeeasierbeforeyouknowit.

David,Aged19

I'mnotgoingtolie.Thefirstdayiskindfrightening.Butyou'llgetusedtoit.Don'tbeafraidofanyone;upperclassmenwillpickonyoumoreifyouletthemknowyou’reafraid.Justtakeiteasy.Makingsomefriendsandstayingwiththemwillgreatlyhelpyougetusedtohighschoolquickly.Afterthefirstweekit'sreallynotbadatall.Don'tworry.

1.WhatcanweinferfromSharonabouthighschool?

A.Teachersarequitestrict.

B.Studentsoftenstayupatnight.

C.Teachersprovidelittlecareforstudents.

D.Studentsshouldmakegooduseoftheirtime.

2.HowdidEddiefeelonhisfirstdayofhighschool?

A.Excited.B.Bored.

C.Relaxed.D.Worried.

3.Whomentionstheimportanceoffriends?

A.Frank.B.David.

C.Sharon.D.Eddie.

【答案】1.D2.D3.B

【解析】这是一篇应用文。

文章讲述了一些学生刚刚步入高中可能会遇到的问题。

1.细节理解题。

根据文章第一部分的It'sbesttojustlearntodealwiththingsandmanageyourtimewiselysoyoucanachieveeverythingyouneedto.（最好是学会处理事情、明智地管理你的时间，这样你就可以实现你需要的一切）可知，学生应该学会很好地利用他们的时间。

D.Studentsshouldmakegooduseoftheirtime.（学生应该很好地利用他们的时间）符合以上说法，故选D项。

2.细节理解题。

根据文章第三部分的WhenIstartedhighschool,Iwasreallynervoustoo,especiallysinceIhadbeenhomeschooledallthroughmiddleschoolanddidn'treallyknowanyone.（当我开始上高中时，我也很紧张，尤其是因为我整个中学都是在家自学的，而且我一个人都不认识）可知，Eddie刚上高中时很紧张。

D.Worried.（担忧的）符合以上说法，故选D项。

3.细节理解题。

根据文章最后一部分的Makingsomefriendsandstayingwiththemwillgreatlyhelpyougetusedtohighschoolquickly.（交一些朋友，和他们待在一起，会帮助你很快适应高中生活）可知，David强调了朋友在高中的重要性。

故选B项。

B

Californiahaslosthalfitsbigtreessincethe1930s,accordingtoastudytobepublishedTuesdayandclimatechangeseemstobeamajorfactor（因素）.

Thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofeetacrosshasdeclinedby50percentonmorethan46,000squaremilesofCaliforniaforests,thenewstudyfinds.Noareawassparedorunaffected,fromthefoggynortherncoasttotheSierraNevadaMountainstotheSanGabrielsaboveLosAngeles.IntheSierrahighcountry,thenumberofbigtreeshasfallenbymorethan55percent;inpartsofsouthernCaliforniathedeclinewasnearly75percent.

Manyfactorscontributedtothedecline,saidPatrickMcIntyre,anecologistwhowastheleadauthorofthestudy.Woodcutterstargetedbigtrees.Housingdevelopmentpushedintothewoods.AggressivewildfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestscrowdedwithsmalltreesthatcompetewithbigtreesforresources（资源）.

ButincomparingastudyofCaliforniaforestsdoneinthe1920sand1930swithanotheronebetween2001and2010,McIntyreandhiscolleaguesdocumentedawidespreaddeathofbigtreesthatwasevidenteveninwildlandsprotectedfromwoodcuttingordevelopment.

Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretreeshadsufferedthegreatestwatershortage.Theresearchersfiguredoutwaterstresswithacomputermodelthatcalculatedhowmuchwatertreesweregettingincomparisonwithhowmuchtheyneeded,takingintoaccountsuchthingsasrainfall,airtemperature,dampnessofsoil,andthetimingofsnowmelt（融雪）.

Sincethe1930s,McIntyresaid,thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures,whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair,andearliersnowmelt,whichreducesthewatersupplyavailabletotreesduringthedryseason.

4.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theseriousnessofbig-treelossinCalifornia.

B.TheincreasingvarietyofCaliforniabigtrees.

C.ThedistributionofbigtreesinCaliforniaforests.

D.TheinfluenceoffarmingonbigtreesinCalifornia.

5.Whichofthefollowingiswell-intentionedbutmaybebadforbigtrees?

A.Ecologicalstudiesofforests.

B.Banningwoodcutting.

C.Limitinghousingdevelopment.

D.Firecontrolmeasures.

6.WhatisamajorcauseofthewatershortageaccordingtoMcIntyre?

A.Inadequatesnowmelt.B.Alongerdryseason.

C.Awarmerclimate.D.Dampnessoftheair.

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.California’sForests:

WhereHaveAlltheBigTreesGone?

B.CuttingofBigTreestoBeProhibitedinCaliforniaSoon

C.WhyAretheBigTreesImportanttoCaliforniaForests?

D.PatrickMcIntyre:

GrowMoreBigTreesinCalifornia

【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.A

【解析】这是一篇说明文。

根据一项研究显示，自20世纪30年代以来，加州已经损失了一半的大树，而气候变化似乎是其主要因素。

4.主旨大意题。

第二段中，作者用具体数据说明了大树损失在各个地区的严重程度，没有任何地区幸免或不受影响，故选A。

5.推理判断题。

根据第三段最后一句AggressivewildfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestscrowdedwithsmalltreesthatcompetewithbigtreesforresources（资源）.可知，对野火的控制使得加利福尼亚的森林里挤满了小树，与大树争夺资源，也就是对野火的控制是善意的，但对大树产生了不利的影响。

故选D。

6.细节理解题。

根据最后一段thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures,whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair,andearliersnowmelt,whichreducesthewatersupplyavailabletotreesduringthedryseason.可知，造成加州水资源短缺的最大因素是温度升高，这导致树木向空气中流失更多的水分，以及更早的融雪，这减少了旱季对树木的供水量。

故选C。

7.主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，自20世纪30年代以来，加州已经损失了一半的大树，文章分析了引起该现象的几个主要因素。

全文围绕“加州森林的大树都去哪儿了”话题展开，故选项A。

C

IfyouevervisitanEnglishvillage,makesuretolookoutformorrisdancing.UndoubtedlyoneofthestrangesttraditionsofEnglishculture,morrisdancingisaformoffolkdancingthatdatesbacktothe15thcentury.Ifyouevergettheopportunity,youreallyhavetoseeit.

Menandwomenwearingold-fashioned,shabby（破烂的）clothingdanceinthestreetsoftownsandvillagesacrossthecountryduringtheholidayperiods.Womenwearlongskirtsandmenwearshorttrouserswithbellsattachedtothem.Theydancetotraditionalfolkmusicwhichisoftenplayedontraditionalmusicalinstruments.

Somegroupscarryheavyblackstickswithwhichtheybeatagainsteachotherwhiletheydance.Othergroupswavehandkerchiefsintheairwhiletheyperform.Thedancesareusuallyperformednearapubsothatwhenthey’reover,thedancersandaudiencecansingsometraditionalfolksongsoverbeer.Thecelebrationswilloftencontinuelongintothenight.

MorrisdancingisagreatEnglishtraditionbutit’sfacingabigcrisis.Astheyearsgoby,fewerandfeweryoungpeoplearejoiningmorrisdancinggroups.Thedancersaregettingolderandolderandeventually,ifnotprotected,thetraditionwilldieoutwithinthenextfewdecades.

Ifyou’veeverhadthefortunetoseemorrisdancing,youmayunderstandwhyteenagersaren’trushingtosignup.Frankly,it’snotexactlythecoolestthingforan18-year-oldtodo.Whydressupinbellsandfunnycostumeswhenyoucouldbegoingcamping,playingsportsordoinganythingelse?

However,itwouldbeagreatshametolosesuchafunandlivelypartofEngland’shistoryandculture.Sohere’satoasttothenextgenerationofwould-bemorrisdancers!

Let’shopetheydon’tleaveittoolate.

8.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Theoriginsofmorisdancing.

B.Thepopularityofmorrisdancing.

C.Theprotectionofmorrisdancing.

D.Theintroductionofmorrisdancing.

9.Whatdoweknowaboutmorrisdancers?

A.Theydanceinpubslateintothenight.

B.Theyperformwithsticksorhandkerchiefs.

C.Theywearlongdresseswithbellsattached.

D.Theysingfolkmusicwhiletheydance.

10.Whatisthepresentsituationofmorrisdancing?

A.Itislosingappealamongyoungpeople.

B.Itiskeepingpacewithpeople'sdemand.

C.Itiswitnessinggreatchangesinhistory.

D.Itisbeingcriticizedbymodernpeople.

11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutmorrisdancing?

A.Ithelpsstayhealthy.

B.Itisfunforteenagers.

C.Itdeservesmoreattention.

D.Itistooold-fashioned.

【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C

【解析】这一篇说明文。

短文介绍了即将失传的英国民间传统舞蹈---莫里斯舞，包括莫里斯舞的起源、表演方式、现状等。

8.主旨大意题。

由第一段“UndoubtedlyoneofthestrangesttraditionsofEnglishculture,morrisdancingisaformoffolkdancingthatdatesbacktothe15thcentury”可知，莫里斯舞无疑是英国文化中最奇怪的传统之一，它是一种可以追溯到15世纪的民间舞蹈。

以及下文对介绍莫里斯舞具体的介绍，可以判断出，这篇文章的主要内容是关于莫里斯舞蹈的介绍。

故D选项正确。

9.细节理解题。

由第三段中的“Somegroupscarryheavyblackstickswithwhichtheybeatagainsteachotherwhiletheydance.Othergroupswavehandkerchiefsintheairwhiletheyperform”可知，有些人拿着沉重的黑色棍子，跳舞时用它们互相殴打。

其他人表演时在空中挥舞手帕。

所以莫里斯舞者用棍子或手帕表演。

B故选项正确。

10.细节理解题。

由第四段第二句“Astheyearsgoby,fewerandfeweryoungpeoplearejoiningmorrisdancinggroups”可知，随着时间的推移，参加莫里斯舞蹈团的年轻人越来越少。

所以，莫里斯舞蹈的现状是它对年轻人的吸引力正在下降。

故A选项正确。

11.推理判断题。

由最后一段“However,itwouldbeagreatshametolosesuchafunandlivelypartofEngland’shistoryandculture”可知，然而，失去英格兰历史和文化中如此有趣和有活力的一部分将是一个巨大的遗憾。

所以通过关键词“shame，fun，partofEngland’shistoryandculture”可以判断出，作者认为莫里斯的舞蹈值得更多的关注，需要被保护。

故C选项正确。

D

Plastic-EatingWorms

Humansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills（垃圾填埋场）,andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.

ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegre