数学建模案例MATLAB实用程序百例.docx
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实例1:
三角函数曲线
(1)functionshili01h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[19856350300],...
'name','实例01');
h1=axes('parent',h0,...
'visible','off');
x=-pi:
0.05:
pi;y=sin(x);
plot(x,y);
xlabel('自变量X');
ylabel('函数值Y');
title('SIN()函数曲线');gridon
实例2:
三角函数曲线
(2)functionshili02h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450350],...
'name','实例02');
x=-pi:
0.05:
pi;
y=sin(x)+cos(x);
plot(x,y,'-*r','linewidth',1);gridon
xlabel('自变量X');
ylabel('函数值Y');
title('三角函数');
实例3:
图形的叠加functionshili03
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450350],...
'name','实例03');
x=-pi:
0.05:
pi;y1=sin(x);y2=cos(x);plot(x,y1,...
'-*r',...
x,y2,...
'--og');
gridonxlabel('自变量X');
ylabel('函数值Y');
title('三角函数');
实例4:
双y轴图形的绘制functionshili04h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450250],...
'name','实例04');x=0:
900;a=1000;b=0.005;
y1=2*x;y2=cos(b*x);
[haxes,hline1,hline2]=plotyy(x,y1,x,y2,'semilogy','plot');axes(haxes
(1))
ylabel('semilogplot');
axes(haxes
(2))ylabel('linearplot');
实例5:
单个轴窗口显示多个图形functionshili05h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450250],...
'name','实例05');t=0:
pi/10:
2*pi;[x,y]=meshgrid(t);subplot(2,2,1)plot(sin(t),cos(t))axisequalsubplot(2,2,2)z=sin(x)-cos(y);plot(t,z)
axis([02*pi-22])subplot(2,2,3)h=sin(x)+cos(y);plot(t,h)
axis([02*pi-22])subplot(2,2,4)g=(sin(x).^2)-(cos(y).^2);plot(t,g)
axis([02*pi-11])
实例6:
图形标注functionshili06
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450400],...
'name','实例06');t=0:
pi/10:
2*pi;h=plot(t,sin(t));
xlabel('t=0到2\pi','fontsize',16);ylabel('sin(t)','fontsize',16);
title('\it{从0to2\pi的正弦曲线}','fontsize',16)x=get(h,'xdata');
y=get(h,'ydata');imin=find(min(y)==y);imax=find(max(y)==y);text(x(imin),y(imin),...
['\leftarrow最小值=',num2str(y(imin))],...'fontsize',16)
text(x(imax),y(imax),...
['\leftarrow最大值=',num2str(y(imax))],...'fontsize',16)
实例7:
条形图形functionshili07
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450350],...
'name','实例07');
tiao1=[56254822454541445745512];
tiao2=[4748575854526548];t=0:
7;
bar(t,tiao1)xlabel('X轴');ylabel('TIAO1值');
h1=gca;h2=axes('position',get(h1,'position'));plot(t,tiao2,'linewidth',3)
set(h2,'yaxislocation','right','color','none','xticklabel',[])
实例8:
区域图形functionshili08
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450250],...
'name','实例08');x=91:
95;
profits1=[88 75 84 93 77];
profits2=[51 64 54 56 68];
profits3=[42 54 34 25 24];
profits4=[26 38 18 15 4];
area(x,profits1,'facecolor',[0.50.90.6],...'edgecolor','b',...
'linewidth',3)holdon
area(x,profits2,'facecolor',[0.90.850.7],...'edgecolor','y',...
'linewidth',3)holdon
area(x,profits3,'facecolor',[0.30.60.7],...'edgecolor','r',...
'linewidth',3)holdon
area(x,profits4,'facecolor',[0.60.50.9],...'edgecolor','m',...
'linewidth',3)holdoff
set(gca,'xtick',[91:
95])
set(gca,'layer','top')gtext('\leftarrow第一季度销量')gtext('\leftarrow第二季度销量')gtext('\leftarrow第三季度销量')gtext('\leftarrow第四季度销量')xlabel('年','fontsize',16);
ylabel('销售量','fontsize',16);
实例9:
饼图的绘制functionshili09
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450250],...
'name','实例09');t=[542135;
68 54 35;
45 25 12;
48 68 45;
68 54 69];
x=sum(t);
h=pie(x);textobjs=findobj(h,'type','text');str1=get(textobjs,{'string'});val1=get(textobjs,{'extent'});oldext=cat(1,val1{:
});names={'商品一:
';'商品二:
';'商品三:
'};str2=strcat(names,str1);
set(textobjs,{'string'},str2)val2=get(textobjs,{'extent'});newext=cat(1,val2{:
});
offset=sign(oldext(:
1)).*(newext(:
3)-oldext(:
3))/2;pos=get(textobjs,{'position'});
textpos=cat(1,pos{:
});textpos(:
1)=textpos(:
1)+offset;set(textobjs,{'position'},num2cell(textpos,[3,2]))
实例10:
阶梯图functionshili10
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450400],...
'name','实例10');a=0.01;
b=0.5;t=0:
10;
f=exp(-a*t).*sin(b*t);stairs(t,f)
holdonplot(t,f,':
*')holdoff
glabel='函数e^{-(\alpha*t)}sin\beta*t的阶梯图';gtext(glabel,'fontsize',16)xlabel('t=0:
10','fontsize',16)
axis([010-1.21.2])
实例11:
枝干图functionshili11
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450350],...
'name','实例11');x=0:
pi/20:
2*pi;y1=sin(x);
y2=cos(x);h1=stem(x,y1+y2);holdon
h2=plot(x,y1,'^r',x,y2,'*g');holdoff
h3=[h1
(1);h2];
legend(h3,'y1+y2','y1=sin(x)','y2=cos(x)')xlabel('自变量X');
ylabel('函数值Y');title('正弦函数与余弦函数的线性组合');
实例12:
罗盘图functionshili12
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450250],...
'name','实例12');winddirection=[54246584
2561223562
12532434254];
windpower=[2553
68127
614108];
rdirection=winddirection*pi/180;[x,y]=pol2cart(rdirection,windpower);compass(x,y);
desc={'风向和风力','北京气象台','10月1日0:
00到','10月1日12:
00'};
gtext(desc)
实例13:
轮廓图functionshili13
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450250],...
'name','实例13');[th,r]=meshgrid((0:
10:
360)*pi/180,0:
0.05:
1);[x,y]=pol2cart(th,r);
z=x+i*y;
f=(z.^4-1).^(0.25);
contour(x,y,abs(f),20)axisequal
xlabel('实部','fontsize',16);
ylabel('虚部','fontsize',16);
h=polar([02*pi],[01]);delete(h)
holdoncontour(x,y,abs(f),20)
实例14:
交互式图形functionshili14
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450250],...
'name','实例14');
axis([010010]);
holdonx=[];
y=[];n=0;
disp('单击鼠标左键点取需要的点');disp('单击鼠标右键点取最后一个点');but=1;
whilebut==1
[xi,yi,but]=ginput
(1);
plot(xi,yi,'bo')n=n+1;
disp('单击鼠标左键点取下一个点');x(n,1)=xi;
y(n,1)=yi;
endt=1:
n;
ts=1:
0.1:
n;
xs=spline(t,x,ts);ys=spline(t,y,ts);plot(xs,ys,'r-');holdoff
实例14:
交互式图形
functionshili14h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450250],...
'name','实例14');
axis([010010]);
holdonx=[];
y=[];n=0;
disp('单击鼠标左键点取需要的点');disp('单击鼠标右键点取最后一个点');but=1;
whilebut==1
[xi,yi,but]=ginput
(1);
plot(xi,yi,'bo')n=n+1;
disp('单击鼠标左键点取下一个点');x(n,1)=xi;
y(n,1)=yi;
endt=1:
n;
ts=1:
0.1:
n;
xs=spline(t,x,ts);ys=spline(t,y,ts);plot(xs,ys,'r-');holdoff
实例15:
变换的傅立叶函数曲线functionshili15
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450250],...
'name','实例15');axisequalm=moviein(20,gcf);
set(gca,'nextplot','replacechildren')h=uicontrol('style','slider','position',...
[1001050020],'min',1,'max',20)
forj=1:
20
plot(fft(eye(j+16)))set(h,'value',j)
m(:
j)=getframe(gcf);
endclf;
axes('position',[0011]);movie(m,30)
实例16:
劳伦兹非线形方程的无序活动functionshili15h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450250],...
'name','实例15');axisequalm=moviein(20,gcf);
set(gca,'nextplot','replacechildren')h=uicontrol('style','slider','position',...
[1001050020],'min',1,'max',20)
forj=1:
20
plot(fft(eye(j+16)))
set(h,'value',j)
m(:
j)=getframe(gcf);endclf;
axes('position',[0011]);movie(m,30)
实例17:
填充图functionshili17
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450250],...
'name','实例17');
t=(1:
2:
15)*pi/8;x=sin(t);
y=cos(t);fill(x,y,'r')axissquareoff
text(0,0,'STOP',...
'color',[111],...
'fontsize',50,...'horizontalalignment','center')
实例18:
条形图和阶梯形图functionshili18h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450250],...
'name','实例18');subplot(2,2,1)
x=-3:
0.2:
3;
y=exp(-x.*x);bar(x,y)
title('2-DBarChart')subplot(2,2,2)
x=-3:
0.2:
3;
y=exp(-x.*x);
bar3(x,y,'r')
title('3-DBarChart')subplot(2,2,3)
x=-3:
0.2:
3;
y=exp(-x.*x);stairs(x,y)title('StairChart')subplot(2,2,4)
x=-3:
0.2:
3;
y=exp(-x.*x);barh(x,y)
title('HorizontalBarChart')
实例19:
三维曲线图functionshili19
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450400],...
'name','实例19');subplot(2,1,1)x=linspace(0,2*pi);y1=sin(x);
y2=cos(x);y3=sin(x)+cos(x);
z1=zeros(size(x));z2=0.5*z1;
z3=z1;plot3(x,y1,z1,x,y2,z2,x,y3,z3)gridon
xlabel('X轴');
ylabel('Y轴');
zlabel('Z轴');title('Figure1:
3-DPlot')subplot(2,1,2)x=linspace(0,2*pi);y1=sin(x);
y2=cos(x);y3=sin(x)+cos(x);z1=zeros(size(x));z2=0.5*z1;
z3=z1;plot3(x,z1,y1,x,z2,y2,x,z3,y3)gridon
xlabel('X轴');
ylabel('Y轴');
zlabel('Z轴');title('Figure2:
3-DPlot')
实例20:
图形的隐藏属性functionshili20h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450300],...
'name','实例20');subplot(1,2,1)[x,y,z]=sphere(10);mesh(x,y,z)
axisofftitle('Figure1:
Opaque')hiddenonsubplot(1,2,2)[x,y,z]=sphere(10);mesh(x,y,z)
axisofftitle('Figure2:
Transparent')hiddenoff
实例21PEAKS函数曲线functionshili21
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200100450450],...
'name','实例21');
[x,y,z]=peaks(30);subplot(2,1,1)x=x(1,:
);
y=y(:
1);
i=find(y>0.8&y<1.2);j=find(x>-0.6&x<0.5);
z(i,j)=nan*z(i,j);surfc(x,y,z)
xlabel('X轴');
ylabel('Y轴');
zlabel('Z轴');title('Figure1:
surfc函数形成的曲面')
subplot(2,1,2)x=x(1,:
);
y=y(:
1);
i=find(y>0.8&y<1.2);j=find(x>-0.6&x<0.5);z(i,j)=nan*z(i,j);surfl(x,y,z)
xlabel('X轴');
ylabel('Y轴');
zlabel('Z轴');title('Figure2:
surfl函数形成的曲面')
实例22:
片状图functionshili22
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150550350],...
'name','实例22');subplot(1,2,1)x=rand(1,20);
y=rand(1,20);z=peaks(x,y*pi);t=delaunay(x,y)
trimesh(t,x,y,z)hiddenoff
title('Figure1:
TriangularSurfacePlot');subplot(1,2,2)
x=rand(1,20);
y=rand(1,20);z=peaks(x,y*pi);t=delaunay(x,y);trisurf(t,x,y,z)
title('Figure1:
TriangularSurfacePlot');
实例23:
视角的调整functionshili23
h0=figure('toolbar','none',...
'position',[200150450350],...
'name','实例23');
x=-5:
0.5:
5;
[x,y]=meshgrid(x);r=sqrt(x.^2+y.^2)+eps;z=sin(r)./r;subplot(2,2,1)surf(x,y,z)
xlabel('X-axis')
ylabel('Y-axis')
zlabel('Z-axis')title('Figure1')view(-37.5,30)
subplot(2,2,2)surf(x,y,z)
xlabel('X-axis')
ylabel('Y-axis')
zlabel('Z-axis')title('Figure2')view(-37.5+90,30)
subplot(2,2,3)surf(x,y,z)
xlabel('X-axis')
ylabel('Y-axis')
zlabel('Z-axis')title('Figure3')view(-37.5,60)
subplot(2,2,4)surf(x,y,z)
xlabel('X-axis')
ylabel('Y-axi