课程辅导.docx

课程辅导.docx

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课程辅导

课程辅导

《英美报刊选读》辅导一

NewspapersandHeadlines

DoyouhavethehabitofreadingnewspapersinEnglish?

Whatnewspapersdoyouliketoread?

ThefollowingisalistofthemajornewspapersinBritainandtheUnitedStates.

●ThemajornewspapersinBritain

DailiesSundays

TheTimesNewsoftheWorld

TheGuardianTheObserver

FinancialTimesTheSundayPeople

TheDailyTelegraphSundayMirror

DailyExpressTheSundayTelegraph

DailyMailTheSundayTimes

DailyMirror

●ThemajordailynewspapersintheUnitedStates

NewYorkTimesUSAToday

WashingtonPostChicagoDailyTribune

LosAngelesTimesDetroltNews

WallStreetJournalNewYorkDailyNews

ChristianScienceMonitor

Newspapers,alongwithreportingthenews,instruct,entertain,andgiveopinions.Anewspaperhasseparatesections:

worldnews,nationalandlocalnews,sports,business,entertainment,opinions,comics,classifiedads,etc.

Youcanbeabetterreaderifyouknowwhattoexpectinanewspaper.Forexample,whenyoureadanewspaperyouusuallylookquicklyatheadlinesfirst.Newspaperheadlineshavealanguageoftheirownanditisnecessarytolearnaboutit.Pleasereadthefollowingheadlines:

Moscowofficialwoundedbygunmen

EarthquakerocksTurkey

Husbandtosuewife

Boyoncliffrescued

YoungSudaneserefugeesenduredfamine,separationsfromfamily

FromabovewecanseetwoprominentfeaturesofEnglishnewspaperheadlines:

☆Headlinesarealmostalwaysinthepresenttenseandevenfutureeventsareputinthepresenttense。

☆Headlinesgenerallyomitunnecessarywords,especiallyarticlesandtheverbtobe.Andisoftenreplacedbyacomma.

Newspaperheadlinescanbeclassifiedintoseveraltypes:

☆Straightheadlinesgiveyouthemaintopicofthestory.Theyarethemostcommontypeofheadlineandaretheeasiesttounderstand.

SnowhaschillingeffectsonSouth

ClintonoffersBushadvice.

☆Headlinesthataskaquestion,reportafuturepossibilityoroffersomedoubtaboutthetruthoraccuracyofthestory.

Cantechnologyfixballotwoes?

Domarketanalystshavebadaimorbadintentions?

☆Headlinesthatcontainaquotationwhichisimportantorwhichshowsthatastatementisnotproven.

Mother:

Letmybabygo

“Wewon’tquit”

☆Doubleheadlinesaretwo-partheadlinesforthesamestoryandareoftenusedformajorevents.

HowExpressbrokediplomaticsilence

HUSH-UPON“SPY”ENVOYS

☆Featureheadlinesareusedforstoriesthatareeitherhighlyunusualoramusing.Headlinesforsuchstoriestrytobeascleveraspossibletocatchthereader'sinterest.

Teletubblesmakerseeksfundsforexpansion

Deadstudentfellunderthecrushduringclashes

《英美报刊选读》辅导二

UnderstandingHeadlineVocabulary

Englishnewspaperheadlinesuseaspecialvocabulary.Aheadlinecontractsalotofinformationintoashortspaceandhenceinheadlinesweoftensee

●Shortwordsusedinsteadoflongones

e.g.aid=assistbare=exposeorreveal;

blast=explodeprobe=investigation

woo=seektowin

●Abbreviationssuchasshortnameswhichcanbeusedwhentheyarelikelytobeidentifiedbythereader.Alsoinitialsareusedwheneverpossible.

e.g.Close-uponWILL（WILL=WillamShakespeare）

Yardsmashairportgang（Yard=ScotlandYard）

MPslamshospitaldelay（MP=memberofParliament）

●shortenedwordsandslang

e.g.Weeklymagforstamploverstobelaunched（mag=magazine）

Brflyintostormoverplgeonban（Br=Britain）

Olivierdenies“blackmail”jibe（jibe=aninsultingattack）

Thefollowingisalistofwordswiththeircommonheadlinemeanings.Trytobefamillarwiththesewords.

WordCommonheadlinemeaningExampl

AccordagreementAccordpossibletoday

AirtomakeknownTVairs“facts”onarmsdelivery

AssailtocriticizestronglyRussassailsUSonA-tests

AxetodismissfromajobGovernortoaxeaide?

BacktosupportAlgeriabacksdecisiontoignoredollar

BalktorefusetoacceptUnionbalksatcourtorder

BarnottoallowClubfacesshutdownforbarringwomen

BidattemptBidtoopenborder

offerUnionrejectslatestbid

BilktocheatClerkbilkscompanyof$1m

Blast（noun）explosion;strongcriticismTankerblastnearManila

（verb）criticizestronglyMPblastsdemocrats

strikewithexplosives

blazefireBlazekillsthree

citementionManagementciteslaborunrestfor

shutdown

claimtodeclaretobetrueManclaimsghostsighting

claim（claimtokillBombsclaim40

thelifeof）

clash（noun）battle;disputeMarinediesinclash

（verb）disagreestrongly;fightMayorclasheswithcitycouncil

cooluninterested;unfriendlyMoscowcooltoaidoffer

curblimit;controlSundaydrivingcurbsplanned

deadlockadisagreementthatJurydeadlockinkidnaptrial

cannotbesettled

driveastrongwell-plannedeffortCancerdriveexceedsgoal

byagroupforaparticular

purpose

dueexpectedGreekFMduetoday

eyetowatchwithinterestWomen'sgroupseyecourtvote

easetoreduceorloosenRomeeasesmartiallaw

evethedaybeforeViolenceoneveofindependence

faulttofindinthewrongStudyfaultspolice

feuddispute;Borderfeuddangertoregionalpeace

strongdisagreement

flayaccuse;criticizestronglyUSflaysRussia

foeopponent;enemyClintontalkswithcongressionalfoes

foiltopreventfromsucceedingFBIfollsbidtohijackplanetoIran

griptotakeholdofCholerafeargripsJapan

guttodestroycompletelybyfireYear'sbiggestfireguts178homes

headofftopreventPresidentheadsoffrailstrike

heisttheftJewelheistfoiled

holdkeepinpolicecontrol;7heldforsmuggling

arrest

inktosignThailand,Malaysiainkseatreaty

keyveryimportantGov't.winskeyvote

kickofftobeginFieryspeechkicksoffcampaign

lashoutcriticizestrongly;CollegeheadslashoutatNUS

accuse

laudtopraisePMlaudscommunityspirit

lineposition;demandIsraelsoftensline

launchtobeginPolicelaunchanti-drugdrive

linkconnectedtoFunguslinkedtomysterydiseas

loomexpectedinthenearTreatydisputelooming

future

loot（noun）stolenmoneyorgoodsPolicerecoverloot

（verb）unlawfultakingawayofRioterslootstoresgoods

valuable

nabtocaptureGangleadernabbed

nettotakepossessionof;Customschecknetsover$2m

capture

nodapprovalMinisterseeksnodforoilsavingplan

officeanimportantgovernmentMinisterquits,tiredofoffice

position

optchoose;decideSwissopttobacktaxforchurches

ousttotakepowerawayfromVoters'oustincumbents

pactasolemnagreementPeacepacttoday?

PleadeeplyfeltrequestMother'splea;Letmeseemybaby

astatementincourtindicatingGuiltypleasexpected

guiltorinnocenceGuiltypleasexpected

pledgepromiseIOCpledgessupport

poisedreadyforactionWorkerspoisedtostrike

pollelectionOctoberpoll?

VotingstationVotersgotothepollsinJapan

Postpositioningovernment,UnknowngetskeyCabinetpost

Business

ProbeinvestigationGovernorordersfireprobe

PrompttocauseCourtdecisionpromptspublicanger

RagetoburnoutofcontrolForestfirerages]

Rap（noun）accusationchargeCorruptionrapunfairsayssenator

（verb）criticizeSafetycommissionrapsautocompanies

rocktoshock;tosurpriseGov't.reportrocksstockmarket

routdefeatcompletelyRebelsrouted,leave70dead

rowaquarrelOilpricerowmaybringdowngov't.

ruledecideCourtrulesoutPLOtalks

sackdismissfromajobJailchiefsacked

sack（fromtosearchthoroughlyandrob14heldforUSembassysacking

“ransack”）

setdecidedon;readyIMFtalkssetforApril

slaytokillormurder2slaininfamilyrow

snagproblem;difficultyLastminutesnaghitsarmstalks

snubtopaynoattentiontoProtestantssnubUlsterpeacebid

soartoriserapidlyInflationratesoars

sparktocause;toleadtoactionFrontierfeudingsparksattack

stalemateadisagreementthatcannotbesettled

Newbidtobreakhostagestalemate

stallmakingnoprogressPeaceeffortinLebanonstalled

stanceattitude;wayofthinkingNewstancetowardpowercuts

stemtopreventorstopRainyseasonstemsrefugeeexit

swaytoinfluenceorpersuadePresidentfailstoswayunion-strikeset

swindleanunlawfulwayofgettingmoneyStockswindleinNY

thwartpreventfrombeingsuccessfulHondurasattackthwarted

tiesrelationsVietnamtiessoon?

TrimtocutSenatetrimsbudget

TriggertocauseKillingtriggersriot

VietocompeteIrishtopranksvieforoffice

VoidtodeterminetobeinvalidVotinglawvoidesbycourt

VowasolemnpromisePolicechiefvowstocatchkidnappers

WeightoconsiderBushweightstaxincrease

《英美报刊选读》辅导三

TheNewspaperLead

Thefirstparagraphofanewsstoryiscalledthelead.Italmostalwaysgivesyouthestory'smaintopicandmostimportantfacts.Whenyoureadanewspaperleadsentence,trytofindthesubjectandmainverbandnotehowtherestofthesentenceaddsinformationtothesubjectandmainverb.

AnwarSadatAssassinatedatCairoMilitaryReview

CAIRO,October7-EgyptianPresidentAnwarSadat,amodern-daypharaohwhoattemptedtoleadtheArabworldtowardapermanentMideastpeacewithIsreal,wasassassinatedyesterdaybyabandofsoldierswhoattackedamilitaryparadereviewingstandwithautomaticriflesandhandgrenades.

Notethatagreatdealofinformationisincludedinasinglesentence.Thewriterhasorganizedthesentencearoundthesubject（EgyptianPresidentAnwarSadat）andmainverb（wasassassinate）verycarefully.

Theleadsentenceusuallydoesthefollowing:

●Answersquestionssuchas“who?

”“what?

”“where?

”“when?

”

“result?

”

●Addsbackgroundtohelpyoubetterunderstandthestoryor

Statewherethesourceof