二稿重改.docx

二稿重改.docx

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二稿重改

摘要

美国现代女作家玛格丽特·米切尔所著的长篇小说《飘》是一本成功的商业通俗小说，发表其实多年来，一直深受读者欢迎。

这部米切尔生前所发表的第一部也是唯一一部小说，曾于1937年获普利策奖，至今仍是全世界最畅销的小说之一。

而其改编后的电影《乱世佳人》也随之风靡全世界，到今天还有大量的观众为它的经典魅力所折服。

小说中描写了两位性格截然不同的女主角坚韧顽强，勇于面对生活不退缩的生活态度。

特别是斯佳丽不懈的拼搏奋斗，给人以极大的心灵震撼和精神鼓舞。

本论文由三个章节及一个引言和结语组成。

引言部分在综述国内外批评界对《飘》评论的基础上提出本论文的中心论题。

第一章对作者和作品进行了简单的介绍。

第二章对比了现代女性和《飘》中传统女性对待婚姻、家庭、事业的生活态度。

第三章总结了现代女性和《飘》中传统女性生活态度的相同点和不同点。

论文结语部分总结了本论文的主要观点并指出，女性不要妄自菲薄，要自强自立，顶住来自社会不公平的歧视和传统观念的束缚，保持健康良好的心态，勇敢地生活在世界上。

只有不断调整自己来适应社会，在梦想和现实之间找到自己的平衡位置，才能在日新月异的社会中得以生存。

个人如此，国家亦如此。

关键词：

女性，生活态度，主人,独立

TheComparisonofLifeAttitudesbetweenTraditionalWomeninGonewiththeWindandModernWomen

Abstract

AmericanmodernwomanwriterMargaretMitchell’sGoneWiththeWindisasuccessfulcommercialnovel.Ithasbeenpopularamongthereaderssinceitsfirstpublicationmorethanseventyyearsago.AsMitchell’sfirstandonlywork,GoneWiththeWindwonthe1937PulitzerPrizeinfiction,andkeepsasoneofthebest-sellersuntiltoday.Eventhefilmthatadaptedfromthebookissofascinatingtoothatithasalsobecomeaworldpopularclassic.Thewritereulogizesthetwomainfemalecharacterswhosekidneysarecompletelydifferentindiligence,pertinacityaswellaspositiveattitudetowardslifewhentheyencounterdifficulties.Especially,thepains-takingstriveoftheindomitableandunyieldingScarlettshakesourheartsandinspiresourspirit.

Thisthesiscomprisesthreechapterswithoneintroductionandaconclusion.TheintroductionscansthepreviousstudiesonGonewiththeWindathomeandabroadandthentheauthorputsforwardthecentralargumentofthethesis.Thefirstchapterofthethesisgivesthebackgroundoftheauthorandthesummaryofthenovel.Thesecondchapterwouldliketocomparewomen’sattitudestowardlifebetweenTraditionalwomeninGonewiththeWindandModernwomen.Andthecomparisonwillfromtherespectsofmarriage,familyandcareer.Thethirdchapterwouldliketosummarizethesimilaritiesandthedifferencesofthesetwokindsofattitudes.

Theconclusionsummarizestheviewsofthisthesisandpointsoutthatwomenshouldnotunderestimatetheirowncapabilities.Theyoughttotrytowithstandtheunfairdiscriminationfromthesocietyaswellasthetraditionalbondages,andlivebravelywiththemaintenanceofpositiveattitudeforlife.Inordertosurvive,weshouldconstantlyadaptourselvestothechangingcompetitivesociety,andfindthebalancedpointbetweendreamandreality.Thisisalsothewayforasocietytosurviveintheworld.

KeyWords:

women,lifeattitude,master，independence

Contents

Abstract（Chinese）I

Abstract（English）II

Introduction1

ChapterOneBriefIntroductiontotheAuthorandtheNovel4

1.1.Thebackgroundoftheauthor4

1.2.Thesummaryofthenovel5

ChapterTwoTheComparisonofLifeAttitudesbetweenTraditionalwomeninGonewiththeWindandModernwomen8

2.1Women’sattitudestowardmarriage8

2.1.1Traditionalwomen’sattitudestowardmarriageinGonewiththeWind8

2.1.2Modernwomen’sattitudestowardmarriage9

2.2Women’sattitudestowardfamily10

2.2.1Traditionalwomen’sAttitudestowardfamilyinGonewiththeWind10

2.2.2Modernwomen’sAttitudestowardfamily11

2.3Women’sattitudestowardeducation12

2.3.1Traditionalwomen’sattitudestowardeducationinGonewiththeWind12

2.3.2.Modernwomen’sattitudestowardeducation13

ChapterThreeThesimilaritiesandthedifferencesofthesetwokindsofattitudes15

3.1Thesimilaritiesofthesetwokindsofattitudes15

3.2Thedifferencesofthesetwokindsofattitudes15

Conclusion18

References20

Acknowledgements21

Introduction

Astimegoesby,worldischangingdaybydayatanamazingspeed.Eachfieldisdevelopingandbettering.Thisisahighlydevelopedsociety;everythinghereisquitedifferentfromthatofthepast.GonewiththeWindhasbeenhailedasatriumphofAmericanliteratureandfilm.In1937,Margaret.MitchellwonPulitzerPrize,forhersweepingportrayalofthecrumblingoftheOldSouth.Sincethen,thenovelhassoldmillionsofcopies.Eventoday,GonewiththeWind,despiteitsmanyhistoricalinaccuracies,formsthebasisofAmericanpopularmemoryoftheOldSouthintheyearssincetheCivilWar,butMargaretMitchell’staleistheonethatismostdeeplyembeddedinAmericanculture.

TimewentbacktotheAmericanCivilWar,conditionswerefairlyterrible,butbeforethestartingofthewarpeopletherelivedahappyandluxuriouslife.WhentheCivilWarbrokeout,andafteralongtimeoffighting,anumberofsoldiersweredead,buildingsweredestroyed.Allthosebelongingtothetranquilnationwerechangedbeyondrecognition.Peoplehadnohousetolivein,nofoodtoeat,evennoclothestowear.Whataterriblesituationonecanimagine!

Manyofthenoblewomeninthesouthchoseawaytobedegraded.Buttherewasayoungandgreatwomanfightingagainstthesedifficulties,andshefirmlylivedthoughlifewasawfullyhard.Therehadalwaysbeenmanydisputesastowhoshouldberesponsibleforwomen’shappylife,andithasbecomethefocustopicintoday’ssociety.Thetraditionalviewpointsholdthatmanshouldaccountforwomen’shappylife.Asuccessfulmancangiveawomanwhatshewants.Anotherpointofviewisthatthesocietyshouldberesponsibleforwomen’shappylifeandeveryclassofthesocietyshouldpaymoreattentiontowomen’shappylife.Inthisrespect,womenareregardedasaweakergroup.Butanotherfactalsodeservespeople’sattentionthatwomenaresometimeslowereddownbythemselves;theyarelikelytorelyonmen.Todayweadvocatethatthereshouldnotbegenderdiscrimination,womenshouldberesponsiblefortheirownhappylife.

ThisnovelwasregardedastheeulogyoftheOldSouth.TheBritishencyclopedia（volume10,1974）saysthatit’sanovelofCivilWarandreconstruction,totallyfromtheviewoftheOldSouth.TheformerSovietUnionEncyclopedia（1974）praisesthetremendousartisticforcebutthinksthattheauthoridealizesthelifestyleofplantation.Othercriticspresenteddifferentviews.MarlomColly,oneoftheAmericancritics,calledittheencyclopediaofplantationlegend.Furthermorein1991thesequelofthisnovel,ScarletttheSequeltoMargaretMitchellGonewiththeWindwaspublishedandthesalesreachedmorethan500,000copies.Alltheseindicatethatthisnovelpossesseseverlastingcharmandpopularity.

Shakespeare’sinfluenceonMargarethasalsobecomeafocus.In“TheOldandNewSouth:

ShakespeareinMargaretMitchell’sGoneWiththeWind”（2005）,DarleneCiraulostudiesShakespeare’sinfluenceonMargaretMitchell’s“GoneWiththeWind”.TheauthorarguesthatMargaretMitchellusesShakespearetorepresentidealsoftheOldSouthandtheinitiativeoftheNewSouth.Astherepresentativeofthewesternculture,ShakespearestandsfortheidealsoftheOldSouth---basedontheknightlyspiritoftheantebellumSouthandgentlemanlymanners.However,thecontradictionistheplantationaristocracylinksShakespearewiththeKnight’stemperamentandelegancy.Intheaspectofcharacterization,MargaretdrewfromthecharacterizationofMrs.MacbethtodepictthespiritoftheNewSouth,whichcanbeclearlyseenfromtheambitionandunsexingofScarlettO’Hara.

In“WhatElseCouldaSouthernGentlemanDo？

”：

RhettButler,QuentinCompson,andMiscegenation（2003）,BenRailtoncomparesthesetwonovelswhichwerepublishedinthesameyear.However,thecomparisongoesbeyondthestudyofgenreoftheworksandthetimeofpublication,italsodealswiththetwomaleprotagonists,whoareanepitomeofthepastandtwoopposingviewpointsofthesouthernerstowardsthepastracialproblemsandthehistory.

“GoneWiththeWind”isoneofthemostpopularAmericannovelsinChina.From1940whenitseditionofChineseversionwaspublished,GoneWiththeWindhasgainedanenthusiasticreceptionandhasbeenthefocusofthestudyofmanyscholars.

SomescholarscompareScarlettO’Harawiththeotherprotagonistsinthefamousworks.（梁亚茹，2006，8（3）：

269-271）ShecomparesScarlettO’HarawithJaneEyre.BothScarletandJanearebrave,strong-minded,independentandrebelliousagainsttherestrictionswhichsetagainstthefemalesbythesocietyoftheirowntime.BothofthesetwofemaleimagesarerichinuniquepersonalitiesandtheybothpossesstheawarenessofWomen’sAwakening.Sincebothofthesetwonovels---“GoneWiththeWind”and“JaneEyre”----arefilledwiththeauthor’sownexperiencesoftheirlives,thestudyandanalysisofthesetwoprotagonistswillprovideuswithabetterunderstandingoftheliteraryimagesofwesternliteratures.

OtherscholarsfocustheirattentiononthecomparisonbetweenScarlettO’HarawithprotagonistsinChineseliterature.ThemostpopularparallelstudyisonthecomparisonandcontrastofScarlettO’HarawithWangXifeng,amainfemalecharacterin“ADreamofRedMansions”.（柴欣，2006，

（1）：

111-115）Inheropinion,since“GoneWiththeWind”and“ADreamofRedMansions”werewrittenindifferenttimesandthesurvivalbackgroundsandculturesofthetwoauthors---MargaretMitchellandCaoXueqin---differgreatly,itisquiteremarkablethatthetwoimages--ScarlettO’HaraandWangXifeng—thetwoauthorsmoldeddemonstratedaremarkablesimilarityinoriginsandbackground,skillsself-awareness,andpragmaticspirit.However,despitethesimilaritiesbetweenthem,theydiffergreatlyinhistoricalbackgrounds,valuesofloveandpersonalities.

Tosumup,theabovecriticalreviewsonGonewiththeWindmayrepresentthemajorachievementsofthestudiesofthisnovelintherecentdecades.Thesestudieshaveeffectivelyadvancedtheexplorationofthenovel,broadenedourvisionaswellasdeepenedourcomprehens