中西家庭教育的比较英文.docx

中西家庭教育的比较英文.docx

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中西家庭教育的比较英文

TheContrastBetweenChinaandWesternCountriesFamilyEducation

ABSTRACT

Inthelastfewyears,withthedevelopmentofdiathetic（素质的）educationhasstrickenrootintotheheartsofthepeople,thefamilyeducationhasbeenahotspotofsociety,inwhichtensofthousandsoffamilies'vitalbenefitsandurgentneed.Because,goodfamilyeducationiscloselyrelatedtochildren'squalityandbehavior,andrelatedtothefutureofourcountry.Itistheimportantcomponentofthestrategyofnationalrejuvenationthroughscienceandeducationandsustainabledevelopment.Atpresent,thesituationoffamilyeducationisgood,largenumberofparentsandschoolshavecreatedsuccessfulexperience,evenmanyparentsstudythefamilyeducationknowledgeinitiatively（主动的）,theeducationalideahasundergonetheprofoundchange.Nevertheless,thefamilyeducationisstillaweaklink,particularly,AstheWesterneducationalthoughtispenetrating（贯穿）throughtheEastandfacingthetraditionalandmodernthoughtaboutfamilyeducation,theChineseparentsaretornbetweenthetwochoices.Therefore,developingfamilyeducationiseitheranopportunity,orachallenge.Moreover,ChineseandtheWesternfamilyeducationeachhasitsowngoodpoints,butindifferentaspects,theeducationalmethodsaredifferent,soweneedtounderstandthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfamilyeducation,makeupforone'sdeficiency（缺点）bylearningfromothers'strongpoints,andpushforwardthefamilyeducationalmodernizationinstantaneously（即时地）,inthatcase,Chinawillhavetheinestimable（无价的，难以估计的）prospects.

KEYWORDSfamilyeducation；chinaandthewest；tradition；differencecomparison

摘要

近几年来，随着素质教育的深入人心，家庭教育已经成为当今社会关注的一个热点，是千万家庭的切身利益和迫切需求所在。

因为，良好的家庭教育直接关系到了孩子的素质和品行，更关系到祖国的未来。

就中国目前来看，家庭教育的发展态势良好，一大批家长、学校创造了成功的经验，更有许多学生家长主动学习家庭教育知识，教育观念发生了深刻变化。

但是尽管如此，家庭教育仍是一个薄弱环节，尤其是随着西方教育思想的传入，中国家长面对传统与现代家教思想，表现出无所适从的无奈。

因此，对于开展家庭教育，既是机遇，又是挑战。

而且，中西家庭教育各有千秋，在不同方面，教育方法也不同，所以我们就需要深刻了解中西家庭教育的差异，取长补短，并且不失时机地推进家庭教育现代化，这样中国的未来才具有不可估量的发展前景。

关键词家庭教育；中西；传统；差异；比较

Fromancienttimestomoderntimes,familyeducationhasbeenplayinganimportantroleinthenationaleducationalcause.AgreatmanXiaopingDengsaid,“Thebasisofacountry'smodernizationliesintalents,thebasisoftalentsliesineducation,andthebasisofeducationliesinfamily.Chinaisacountrywithemphasisonthehomeeducation.Theoutstandinghomeeducationinthedeepeducationculture.”Thefamilyeducation,theschooleducationandthesocialeducationarethethreebigprops（支柱）ofeducation.Theyareindispensable（必不可少的）.Nowadays,increasingattentionhasbeenpaidtofamilyeducationbythemodernsociety,anditgetsahotspotofsociety,whichiscloselyrelatedtotensofthousandsoffamilies'vitalbenefitsandurgentneed.

Atpresent,familyeducationmaintainsagoodmomentum（势头）ofgrowthinChina.ItgetsmoreandmoreimportanttoChinesefamilies.Throughouttheages,manymenofinsightworkdelightlyinthefieldofhomeeducation,andaccumulate（积累）quitesubstantialachievements.AndChinaisanorientalcountrywithalonghistory,itsdeepeducationalcultureincludestheelementsofexcellentfamilyeducation.Asweallknow,China’sancienteducationalthoughtwantthroughtheancientfamilyeducationalfield.[“FamilyInstructionofYan”,ZhituiYan,SouthernandNorthernDynasties]Forexample:

moralinstructionsfirst;therespectforold;thecarefortheyoung;thecultivationofmoralcharacter;examplesetting;thedeterminationofbeingstrong;learnedprofoundknowledge,carefulconsideration;andsoon.Theseoutstandingthoughtsaregobacktoancienttimes.

Nevertheless,therearestillalotofproblemsemergingoutinthatfamilyeducation,whichisstillweak.Theeducationexpertconcerned,whomadethelong-termpursuitofinvestigations,thoughtthat2/3familyeducationisimproper.Alltheanalysisjustifiestheconclusion:

thefirst,malignanteventseruptunceasingly.Itnotonlyindicatestheimportanceoffamilyeducation,butindicatestheimportanceandnecessityofcarryingonscientificfamilyeducation;thesecond,incurrenthomeeducation,thereisstillerroneouszone.Itmaybesummarizedas“threeexcess”and“oneexcessiveheight”:

thatis,quitesomeparentsareexcessivelyconcernedwiththechildren,excessivelyreatrainandnosedintothechildren'saffairs,excessivelychatterandcriticizethechildren,andsomethingexcessiveisexpectedofthechildren.TheseproblemsareinneedofimmediatesolutionThethird,underthemarketeconomycondition,thereisthemultipleconceptofvalue,theonlychildcommunitygrowsaswellasthedivorcefamiliesincreaseandsoon,allthisbringsaboutmanyunprecedentednewsituationsandnewproblems;Thefourth,ruralpopulationaccountfor80%,thecountrysidehousingdisperses,theconditionisbad,guardian'sculturalqualityissomewhatlow,thecountryside'sfamilyeducationhasbecomethekeyanddifficultpointndevelopingfamilyeducation.

Andatthesametime,withthedevelopmentofeducationalcause,WesterneducationalthoughtspenetrateslowlythroughtheEast.Whenfacingthetraditionalandmodernthoughts,chineseparentsareatalossastowhattochoose.Therefore,directingatsomebadphenomena,weregarditasnecessarytomakeacomparisonbetweenchinesefamilyeducationandwesternfamilyeducation.

But,beforethecomparison,weneedtoknowaboutthesocialbackgroundofChinaandWesternCountries.Asweallknow,ChinaisasocialistcountryandmostWesterncountriesbelongtocapitalistcountries.And,theyhavedifferenthistoryandcultures.ChinaadvocatesConfucianismandthewesterncountriesadvocatetherevivalofliteratureandart.Butthemostimportantpointisthattheirattitudetowardsthepositionoffamilyinstitution'spositionisalsodifferent.Inchina'straditionalfamily,parents'authoritativeconsciousnessplaysaleadingrolewhilewesterncivilizationsmainlyemphasizestruggle,equality,democracyandhumanrights.Ofcourse,homeeducationisakindofhumanity'seducationalpractice.ChinaandtheWesternfamilyeducationhavemanythingsincommon.Generallyspeaking,itcanbesummedupasfollows:

1st,emphasisislaidonfamilyeducation.

Nomatterwhichcountryyoucomefrom,whatnationalityyoubelongtoallthinkthefamilyisaperson'sfirstschool,andtheparentisthefirstteacher.EitherChinaorWesterncountries,eithertheancienttimesorthemoderntimes,familyeducationisalwaysinthemostfundamentalposition.

2nd,familyeducationshouldbestartedsincechildhood,performthedutypromptly.

FamilyinstructionofYansaidthat,“Theparentsshoulddothemissionarywork,whentheinfantisyoung.Judgingfromhisfacialexpression,weknowwhetherheisangryorhappy,thengiveinstructions.”[“FamilyInstructionofYan”,ZhituiYan,SouthernandNorthernDynasties]Because“it’seasytoconcentrateachild’sattention.Afterhegrowsup,hisattentioniseasilydispersed,soachildmustbecaughtearly.”Deweyalsothoughtthefamilyeducationshouldbeexecutedearly.

3rd,parents'unsuitableroledivisionineducationbringsaboutsomebadresults.

EitherinChinaorintheWestmotherisalmostdescribedinmanyculturesasthemainfosterer,andthenfatherplaysonlyapart.Thefatheristhemainundertakerwhoteachesthechildtoknowtherationalityeducation.Motherisresponsibleforchild'sfoodanddrinkindailylife,thematerialguarantee,theemotionalsatisfactionandsoon,isalsothemainundertakerofchild’semotionalcultivation.Itsresultisthatthechildholdshisfatherinaweandvenerationandcausesthepoorrelationbetweenchildandfather,andthusaffectschild'sperfectdevelopment.

4th,payattentiontothetrainingthechildren’slongingforknowledge,valuereading.

TheChineseparentsofancienttimes,fullyrealizedthistruth,theyguidedthechildreninreadingtheFourBooksandtheFiveClassicswhentheyareyoung,allthevariousschoolsofthought,stimulatedtheirdesireforseekingknowledge.Thewesternparentsalsofocusonfamilyreading.Thechildrenmustlistentosectionofstoriesbeforesleeping,andthisisafinetraditionofWesternfamilyeducation.

5th,attachimportancetoteachingbypersonalexampleaswellasverbalinstruction.

Theparentsarechild'smodels,usuallyasimplemovementismoreeffectivethantheinculcationoftenthousandinstructions.

However,thetraditionalfamilyeducationinChina,onaccountoftherespectivedifferencesinmoreaspectsisdifferentfromthatintheWest.Theyhavetheirowncharacteristicsbetweenregionsandcultures.

Tobeginwith,thetendencyofeducationisdifferent.

TheChineseparentslayemphasisonsocialenlightenment,ignorethegrowthofchildren.TheChineseparentstakethesocialcompatibleenlightenmentseriously,butoftenneglectthedevelopmentofchildren'scharacteristics,theyoftentrainthechildrenunderestablishedforms,andlaydownthebroadroadfortheirgrowth.

Thewesternparentsprovidethechildrenaenvironmentforgrowthresistanttothem,andfostertheirtenaciousindividualityandthegoodconduct,andtheychoosetheirideaandwayofcultivationaccordingtothechangeofsocietyandthecharacteristicofchildrenphysicalandmental.

Secondly,thevalueoffamilyeducationisdifferent.

ThefunctionofChina’sfamilyeducationisforcedbytheChina’straditionalculture.TheChinesetraditionalConfuciancultureemphasize“thecultivationofone’smoralcharacter,therunningofone’sfamily,theadministrationofastate,thepeaceandsecurityoftheworld”.Inthisdirectionalthought,thefamilyeducationisbestowedonthedirectsocialsigni