高考英语5最新全国卷模拟题汇编5 阅读理解之议论文原卷word版.docx

高考英语5最新全国卷模拟题汇编5 阅读理解之议论文原卷word版.docx

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高考英语5最新全国卷模拟题汇编5阅读理解之议论文原卷word版

2020年高考英语5-6月最新全国卷模拟题汇编

专题05阅读理解之议论文

1.（2020届安徽省名校高考模拟）

SmokinginyourownhomeinThailandmaynowbeconsideredacrime,ifthesmokeisconsideredharmfultootherpeopleinthehouse.

Thenewlaw,FamilyProtectionandDevelopmentPromotionAct,wasinitiated（启动）bytheMinistryofSocialDevelopmentandHumanSecurityandwasannouncedintheRoyalGazetteonMay22,2019.

Thelawaimsatcurbingsmokingathomewhichmightbehazardousforothers'healthresidingunderthesameroof.Inthatcase,itwillbeconsideredas“domesticviolence".ThenewlawcameintoforceonAugust20.

Accordingtothecenterforresearchandknowledgemanagementfortobaccocontrol,attheFacultyofMedicalScienceofMahidolUniversity,thereareabout4.9millionhouseholdswhereoneormorefamilymemberssmoke.

Anaverageof10.3millionpeoplehaveunwittingly（不知不觉地）becomepassivesmokersbecausethey'vebeenbreathinginsmokeathome.Scientificstudiesshowthatpassivesmokersarealgreaterriskofbeingaffectedbycancer.

Of75childpatientsfromhouseswheresmokingispracticed,76%ofthemwerefoundtohavenicotinetracesintheirurine,with43%ofthemhavingnicotinecontentexceedingpermissiblelevels.

Smokingathomealso“mayleadtophysicaloremotionalviolence”becauseofaggressivenesswhenthereisa.lackofsmoking,andmightaswellruinrelationshipsbetweensmokersandnon-smokerfamilymembers.

Accordingtothenewlaw,anyonewhothinkstheyareaffectedbydomesticsmokingcanreporttoofficialsconcernedsothatinspectorswillbesenttoinvestigateandtakelegalactionagainstthesmokers.

Onceconvicted,thecourtmayorderapersontoreceivetreatmenttoquitsmokinginanattempttoprotecttheperson'sfamily.

InFebruaryin2019,Thailandhadbannedsmokingatsixofitsairportsalongwithabaninpublicplaces.

8．WhatisthefactaboutthenewlawinThailand?

A．Itmakesitclearthatsmokingathomeisacrime.

B．I’salawonprotectingthehealthofnon-smokers.

C．Itwasdraftedandadoptedbytheroyalfamily.

D．Itclassifiessmokingasaformofdomesticviolence.

9．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“curbing”inParagraph3?

A．Treating.B．Changing.

C．Improving.D．Controlling.

10．WhatisNOTtheevilconsequenceofsmokingathome?

A．Itmayincreasetheriskofcancerinpassivesmokers.

B．Itwillprobablycausephysicaloremotionalviolence.

C．Itwillmakethesmokersbecomemoreaggressive.

D．Itmaylead10disharmonyinfamilyrelations.

11．Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage?

A．SmokingisillegalanywhereinThailand.

B．Smokersarelesslikely10developcancerthannon-smokers.

C．PeoplewhosmokeathomeinThailandwillbesenttoprison.

D．Thailandiscommittedtocreatingasmoke-freeenvironment.

2.（2020届福建省泉州市高三第一次质检）

Almosteverycommunityhassomeformofrulesandsomewayofenforcingthem.Sowhydowehaverules,andwhatmakespeoplefollowthem?

Studieshavesuggestedthatthereasonwedon'tlikerule-breakingisbecausefairnessisprogrammedintoourbrains.Scientistshavefoundthatthebrainreactsinaparticularwaywhenwefeelwearebeingtreatedunfairly.Afairsituationmakesusfeelcomfortableandevenhappy,butunfairnesscausesourbrainstorespondwithnegativefeelings.Thestudyfoundthatthisasohappenedwhensubjectssawothersbeingtreatedunfairly.Theyconcludedthatfairnessisoneofbasichumanneeds.

Arrivingatafeelingoffairnessmeansconsideringdifferent,oftenconflicting,pointsofview.Regardlessofthedisagreement,peoplealmostalwaysneedtocompromise.Butitcanbedifficulttoarriveatacompromisewhenthereareconflictinginterests.Thisiswhycommunitieshaverulesthateveryonemustfollow.

Socialcontrolsareanimportantfactorinsettingandfollowingrules.Theyinfluencethewaywebehave,andcanbeinternal（内在的）orexternal.Internalcontrolscomefromwithinandarebasedonourvaluesandfears.Mostofusdon'tsteal,forexample,becausewebelievethattheftisunfairandwrong.Wealsodon'twanttodisappointourfamilyandfriends.Inotherwords,ourinternalcontrolskeepusfrombehavinginwaysthatcauseconflict.

Externalcontrolsincluderewardsandpunishments.Rewards,suchasjobpromotionsandpraise,aredesignedtoencouragepeopletobehaveandactintheinterestofthewholecommunity.

Punishments,suchaspublicembarrassment,fines,andevenimprisonmentcanpreventpeoplefromactingagainstthecommunity'sbestinterests.

Peopleneedtheircommunitiestofunctionsmoothly.Iftherewerenorules,mostpeoplewouldprobablystillbehavepositively.However,therewouldalwaysbeaminoritywhowouldnot.Thisiswhyasocietywithoutrulesisunlikelytoexist.

12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword''this''inparagraph2referto?

A．Aprograminhumanbrains.

B．Acomfortablesituation.

C．Theresponsewithbadfeelings.

D．Therequirementofffairness.

13．Whydocommunitieshaverules?

A．Topunishillegalactivities.B．Topreventdisagreement.

C．Topromotefairness.D．Tomeetvariousdemands.

14．Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofinternalcontrol?

A．Takeexamshonestlybecausecheatingisshameful

B．Parkintherightplacesoasnottogetaparkingticket.

C．Paytheelectricitybillontimeinordernottogetalatefee.

D．Cooperatewithyourclassmatestowinaprizeforyourclass.

15．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A．LivingbytherulesB．Whycommunitiesneedrules

C．ReachingacompromiseD．Howfairnessfunctions

3.（2020届广东广雅中学高三适应性考试）

Ingeneral,theancientRomanswereapracticalpeople.TheycaredlessaboutphilosophyandpuremathematicsthandidtheGreeks.TheRomanswerethebestoftheancientengineersandarchitects.TheywerebrilliantstudentsofGreekgeometryandtrigonometry,andtheyappliedtheirknowledgetotheconstructionoffinebridges,roads,andpublicbuildings.

Theyknewaboutthesmeltingofironore,buttheyusedtheirontheyproducedmainlyforspears,swords,andshields,ratherthanforbuildingconstruction.

WhiletheRomansaccomplishedpracticalwonders,theydidverylittletheoreticalscientificthinking.Becauseoftheirfrequentwars,manyoftheirinventionswerenomorethanimprovementsinthedesignofGreekweaponswithwhichtheywerefamiliar.

TherearetworeasonsfortheRomanneglectofphilosophyandpuremathematics.First,theywereapparentlytoobusyconqueringnearbynationsandformingthemintoarapidlygrowingempiretowastemuchtimeonabstractthinking.Secondly,theywerehandicappedbytherigidityoftheirnumericalsystem.（TrytomultiplyXIbyLVIIortodivideCXLIIIbyIX;itsimplycannotbedonewithpencilandpaper.）TheRomansdidalloftheirarithmeticonanabacus,theancientcounterpartofthemodemcomputingmachine.Theirnumbersystemdiscouragedthestudyofpuremathematics.

8．TheauthorcallstheRomans“practical"becausethey________.

A．theydidn'tcareaboutphilosophy

B．theyjustlearnedfromGreekgeometry

C．theyappliedwhattheylearnedtoconstruction

D．theythoughtlittleoftheoreticalscientificthinking

9．Accordingtothepassage,theRomansexcelledin________.

A．smeltingironoreB．engineeringandarchitecture

C．improvingGreekweaponsD．producingspears,swords,andshields

10．Theunderlinedword“counterpart"inthelastparagraphmeans________.

A．equivalentB．calculator

C．appearanceD．partner

11．Thepassagemainlytalksabout________.

A．whyRomansignoredmathematics

B．Romans'discouragingnumbersystem

C．howRomansaccomplishedpracticalwonders

D．Romanswhoneglectedtheoreticalthought

4.（2020届广东广雅中学高三适应性考试）

Youknowyouhavetoread"betweenthelines"togetthemostoutofanything.Iwanttopersuadeyoutodosomethingequallyimportantinthecourseofyourreading.Iwanttopersuadeyouto“writebetweenthelines."Unlessyoudo,youarenotlikelytodothemostefficientkindofreading.

Iinsist,quitebluntly,thatmarkingupabookisnotanactofdamagebutoflove.

Therearetwowaysinwhichonecanownabook.Thefirstisthepropertyrightyouestablishbypayingforit,justasyoupayforclothesandfurniture.Butthisactofpurchaseisonlythefirststeptopossession.Fullownershipcomesonlywhenyouhavemadeitapartofyourselfandthebestwaytomakeyourselfapartofitisbywritinginit.Iamarguingthatbooksmustbeabsorbedinyourbloodstreamtodoyouanygood.

Whyismarkingupabooknecessarytoreading?

First,itkeepsyouawake.（AndIdon'tmeanonlyconscious;Imeanwideawake.）Inthesecondplace,reading,ifitisactive,isthinkingandthinkingtendstoexpressitselfinwords,spokenorwritten.Themarkedbookisusuallythethought-throughbook.Finally,writinghelpsyourememberthethoughtsyouhad,orthethoughtstheauthorexpressed.

But,youmayask,whyiswritingnecessary?

Well,thephysicalactofwriting,withyourownhand,bringswordsandsentencesmoresharplybeforeyourmindandpreservesthembetterinyourmemory.Tosetdownyourreactiontoimportantwordsandsentencesyouhaveread,andthequestionstheyhaveraisedinyourmind,istopreservethosereactionsandsharpenthosequestions.

Ifreadingistoaccomplishanythingmorethanpassingtime,itmustbeactive.Youcan'tletyoureyesglideacrossthelinesinabookandcomeupwithanunderstandingofwhatyouhaveread.Thebooksyoureadforpleasurecanbereadinastateofrelaxation,andnothingislost.Anordinarypieceoflightfiction,like"GonewiththeWind,"doesn'trequirethemostactivekindofreading,andyoudon'tabsorbtheideasofJohnDeweythewayyouabsorbthestoryofDavidCopperfield.

Youmayalsos