The Neoclassical Period.docx

The Neoclassical Period.docx

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TheNeoclassicalPeriod

TheNeoclassicalPeriod

I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatementandputtheletterinthebrackets.

（）1.Inadditionto_______thefollowingeventsarethegreatpoliticalandsocialeventsintheEnglishsocietyoftheneoclassicalperiod.

A.theRestorationofKingCharlesIIin1660.

B.theshipwreckwhich52,250peoplewerekilled.

C.theGreatPlagueof1665thattook70,000livesinLondonalone.

D.theGreatLondonFire,whichdestroyedalargepartofthecity,leavingtwo-thirdsofthepopulationhomeless.

（）2.__________,amastersatirist,isrespectedasanationalheroinIreland.

A.JohnBunyanB.AlexanderPope

C.JonathanSwiftD.DanielDefoe

（）3.Gothicnovelswereproduced__________.

A.inthe17thcentury

B.inthemid-18thcentury

C.inthemiddleparttotheendofthe18thcentury

D.inthe16thcentury

（）4.RobinsonCrusoeiswrittenby_____________.

A.HenryFieldingB.JonathanSwift

C.SamuelJohnsonD.DanielDefoe

（）5.____________isnotthewriterinTheNeoclassicalPeriod.

A.AlexanderPopeB.DanielDefoe

C.JaneAustenD.JohnBunyan

（）6.__________isnotSamuelJohnson'sworks.

A.CaptainSingletonB.TheVanityofHumanWishes

C.LondonD.Irene

（）7.Theworksof__________arethefirstliteraryworksdevotedtothestudyofproblemsofthelower-classpeople.

A.AlexanderPopeB.DanielDefoe

C.JohnBunyanD.JonathanSwift

（）8.Gulliverisintheworksof___________.

A.Gulliver'sTravelsB.TheRivals

C.TaleofaTubD.RobinsonCrusoe

（）9.________isthemockepicofAlexanderPope.

A.Homer'sIliadB.TheRapeoftheLock

C.OdysseyD.EpistletoDr.Arbuthnot

（）10._________definedagoodstyleas"properwardsinproperplaces."

A.AlexanderPopeB.DanielDefoe

C.JaneAustenD.JonathanSwift

II.Completeeachofthefollowingstatementswithaproperwordoraphraseaccordingtothetextbook.

1.Ofalltheeighteenth-centurynovelists,_______wasthefirsttosetout,bothintheoryandpractice,towritespecificallya"comicepicinprose,"thefirsttogivethemodemnovelitsstructureandstyle.

2.Inthefieldofliterature,theEnlightenmentMovementbroughtaboutarevivalofinterestintheoldclassicalworks.Thistendencyisknownas________.

3.Asalexicographer,_________distinguishedhimselfastheauthorofthefirstEnglishdictionarybyanEnglishman-ADictionaryoftheEnglishlanguage（1755）,agigantictaskwhichJohnsonundertooksingle-handedlyandfinishedinoversevenyears.

4.___________thoughtthatthesupremevaluewasorder-cosmicorder,politicalorder,socialorder,andaestheticorder.

5.InRichardBrinsleySheridan'splays,_________istheconstanttheme.

6.In1714,_______andhisfriendsformedaclubwhichwastocooperateinaschemetosatirizeallsortsoffalselearningandpedantryinliterature,philosophy,scienceandotherbranchesofknowledge.

7.Theenlightenerscelebratedreasonorrationality,equalityandscience.Theyheldthat________shouldbetheonly,thefinalcauseofanyhumanthoughtandactivities.Theycalledforareferencetoorder,reasonandrules.

8.Bunyan'sstylewasmodeledafterthatofthe________.Withhisconcreteandlivinglanguageandcarefullyobservedandvividlypresenteddetails,hemadeitpossibleforthereaderoftheleasteducationtosharethepleasureofreadinghisnovelandtorelivetheexperienceofhischaracters.

9.Duringhiscareerasadramatist,________hadattemptedaconsiderablenumberofformsofplays:

wittycomediesofmannersorintriguesintheRestorationtradition,farcesorballadoperaswithpoliticalimplicationsandburlesquesandsatiresthatbearheavilyuponstatus-quoofEngland.

10.In___________,acomedyofmanners,heissatirizingthetraditionalpracticeoftheparentstoarrangemarriagefortheirchildrenwithoutconsideringthelatter’sopinion.

III.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalseandwriteyouranswersinthebrackets.

（）l.Theseventeenth-centuryEnglandisalsoknownastheAgeofEnlightenmentortheAgeofReason.

（）2.In1704,JohnBunyanfoundedTheReview,whichwasapolitical,literaryperiodicalinEnglishandcarrieditto1713.

（）3.AsarepresentativeoftheEnlightenment,PopewasoneofthefirsttointroducerationalismtoEngland.

（）4.JonathanSwifthasbeenregardedbysomeas"FatheroftheEnglishnovel,"forhiscontributiontotheestablishmentoftheformofthemodemnovel.

（）5.SamuelJohnsonwasthelastgreatneoclassicistenlightenerinthelatereighteenthcentury.

（）6.InJonathanSwift'sopinion,humannatureisseriouslyandpermanentlyflawed.Tobetterhumanlife,enlightenmentisneeded.

（）7.TheFatalSisterswaswrittenbySamuelJohnson.

（）8.ThomasGray'smasterpiece,“OdeontheSpring"waspublishedin1751,thepoemonceandforallestablishedhisfameastheleaderofthesentimentalpoetryoftheday,especially"theGraveyardSchool".

（）9.AnEssayonMan.,generallyconsideredPope'sbestsatiricworks,tookhimovertenyearsforfinalcompletion.

（）10.InRichardBrinsleySheridan'splays,hismanipulationofsuchdevicesasdisguise,mistakenidentityanddramaticironyismasterly.

IV.Nametheauthorofeachofthefollowingliteraryworks.

1.TheDunciad2.CaptainSingleton

3.ThePilgrim'sProgress4.Coffee-HousePolitician

5.TheRivals6.ATaleofaTub

7.RobinsonCrusoe8.TheVanityofHumanWishes

9.ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard10.TheRivals

V.Definetheliterarytermslistedbelow.

1.Theneoclassicalperiod

2.TheAgeofEnlightenment

VI.Foreachofthequotationslistedbelowpleasegivethenameoftheauthorandthetitleoftheliteraryworksfromwhichitistakenandthenbrieflyinterpretit.

1.Nowfadestheglimmeringlandscapeonthesight,

Andalltheairasolemnstillnessholds,

Savewherethebeetlewheelshisdroningflight,

AndDrowsytinklingslullthedistantfolds;

2.IsoonfoundtheplaceIwasinwasnotformysettlement,particularlybecauseitwasuponalowmoorishgroundnearthesea,and,Ibelieved,wouldnotbewholesome,andmoreparticularlybecausetherewasnofreshwaternearit,soIresolvedtofindamorehealthyandmoreconvenientspotofground.

VII.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions.

1.Giveabriefdescriptionofthecriteriontotheliteratureintheneoclassicalperiod.

2.WhataretheviewpointandthelanguagestyleoftheliteratureofJonathanSwift?

VIII.Shortessayquestions.

1.MakeacommentontheimageofTomJonesinTomJones.

2.GiveabriefanalysisofthesignificanceofThePilgrim'sProgress.

Answers:

I.

1.B2.C3.C4.D5.C6.A7.B8.A9.Bl0.D

II.

1.HenryFielding2.neoclassicism3.SamuelJohnson

4.AlexanderPope5.morality6.AlexanderPope7.rationalityorreason8.EnglishBible9.HenryFielding10.TheRivals

III.

1.F2.F3.T4.F5.T6.T7.F8.F9.FIO.T

IV.

1.AlexanderPope2.DanielDefoe3.JohnBunyan

4.HenryFielding5.RichardBrinsleySheridan6.JonathanSwift7.DanielDefoe8.SamuelJohnson9.ThomasGray10.RichardBrinsleySheridan

V.

1.WhatarenowcalltheneoclassicalperiodistheoneinEnglishliteraturebetweenthereturnoftheStuartstotheEnglishthronein1660andthefullassertionofRomanticism,whichcamewiththepublicationofLyricalBalladsbyWordsworthandColeridgein1798.

2.Theeighteenth-centuryEnglandisalsoknownastheAgeofEnlightenmentortheAgeofReason.TheEnlightenmentMovementwasaprogressiveintellectualmovement,whichflourishedinFranceandsweptthroughthewholeWesternEuropeatthetime.ThemovementwasafurtheranceoftheRenaissanceofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturies.

VI.

1."ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard"isregardedasGray'sbestandmostrepresentativework.Thepoemistheoutcomeofabouteightyears’carefulcompositionandpolish.ItismoreorlessconnectedwiththemelancholyeventofthedeathofRichardwrest,Gray'sintimatefriend.Inthispoem,Grayreflectsondeath,thesorrowsoflife,andthemysteriesofhumanlifewithatouchofhispersonalmelancholy.Thepoetcomparesthecommonfolkwiththegreatones,wonderingwhatthecommonscouldhaveachievediftheyhadhadthechance.Hereherevealshissympathyforthepoorandtheunknown,butmocksthegreatoneswhodespisethepoorandbringhavoconthem.

2.AnExcerptfromofRobinsonCrusoeisthemasterpieceofDanielDefoe.DefoetracesthegrowthofRobinsonfromanaiveandartlessyouthintoashrewdandhardenedman,temperedbynumeroustrialsinhiseventfullife,TherealisticaccountofthesuccessfulstruggleofRobinsonsinglehandedlyagainstthehostilenatureformsthebestpartofthenovel.Robinsoni8herearealhero:

atypicaleighteenth-centuryEnglishmiddle-classman,withagreatcapacityforwork,inexhaustibleenergy,courage,patienceandpersistenceinovercomingobstacle=s,instrugglingagainstthehostilenaturalenvironment.Heistheveryprototypeoftheempirebuilder,thepioneercolonist.IndescribingRobinson'slifeontheisland,DefoeglorifieshumanlaborandthePuritanfortitude,whichsaveRobinsonfromdespairandareasourceofprideandhappiness.Hetoils,forthesakeofsubsistence,andthefruitsofhislaborarehisown.

VII.

1.Neoclassicistshadsomefixedlawsandrulesforalmosteverygenreofliterature.Proseshouldbeprecise,smoothandflexible.Poetryshouldbelyrical,epical,didactic,satiricordramatic,andeachclassshouldbepridedbyitsownprinciples.DramashouldbewrittenintheHeroicCo