全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一试题及答案.docx

全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一试题及答案.docx

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全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一试题及答案

2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

英语

（一）试题

Section1UseofEnglish

　　Directious:

　　ReadthefollowingText.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

　　InCambodia,thechoiceofasouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmale.Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends,1thoseoftheyoungwoman,butalsoamatchmaker.Ayoungman2alikelyspouseonhisownandthenaskhisparentsto3themarriagenegotiations,ortheyoungman’sparentsmaymakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection.4,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen.5aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying6agoodfamily.

　　Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair.Formerlyitlastedthreedays,7bythe1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand8prayersofblessing.Partsoftheceremonyinvolveritualhaircutting,9cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebride’sandgroom’swrists,and10acandlearoundacircleofhappilymarriedandrespectedcouplestoblessthe11.Newlywedstraditionallymoveinwiththewife’sparentsandmay12withthemuptoayear,13theycanbulidanewhousenearby.

　　Divorceislegalandeasyto14,butnotcommon.Divorcespersonsare15withsomedisapproval.Easchspouseretains16propertyheorsheDivorcedpersonsmay.

　　1.[A]bywayof[B]withregardto[C]onbehalfof[D]aswellas

　　2.[A]decideon[B]providefor[C]competewith[D]adaptto

　　3.[A]close[B]arrange[C]renew[D]postpone

　　4.[A]Intheory[B]Aboveall[C]Intime[D]Forexample

　　5.[A]Unless[B]Lest[C]After[D]Although

　　6.[A]into[B]within[C]from[D]through

　　7.[A]or[B]since[C]but[D]so

　　8.[A]test[B]copy[C]recite[D]create

　　9.[A]folding[B]piling[C]wrapping[D]tying

　　10.[A]passing[B]lighting[C]hiding[D]serving

　　11.[A]association[B]meeting[C]collection[D]union

　　12.[A]deal[B]part[C]grow[D]live

　　13.[A]whereas[B]until[C]for[D]if

　　14.[A]avoid[B]follow[C]challenge[D]obtain

　　15.[A]isolated[B]persuaded[C]viewed[D]exposed

　　16.[A]wherever[B]whatever[C]whenever[D]however

　　17.[A]changed[B]brought[C]shaped[D]pushed

　　18.[A]invested[B]divided[C]donated[D]withdrawn

　　19.[A]warms[B]clears[C]shows[D]breaks

　　20.[A]while[B]sothat[C]once[D]inthat

　　Text1

　　France，whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomen.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways.Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.

　　Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.That’sastartAndthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath–assomehavedone.Ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth.

　　Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen（andmanymen）thattheyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.

　　TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovemment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.

　　Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement.

　　IncontrasttoFrance’sactions,Denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:

”Weawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpacttheideals,especiallyonyoungpeople”.Thecharter’smaintoolofenforcementis（CFW）,whichisrunbytheDanish

　　21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph，whatwouldhappeninFrance?

　　【A】Physicalbeautywouldberedefined.

　　【B】Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed.

　　【C】Wcbsitesaboutdietingwouldthrive.

　　【D】Thefanshingindustrywoulddecline.

　　22.Thephrase“impingingon”（Line2，Para.2）isclosestinmeaningto

　　【A】heighteningthevalueof.

　　【B】indicatingthestateof.

　　【C】losingfaithin.

　　【D】doingharmto.

　　23.Whichofthefollowingistrueodthefashionindustry?

　　【A】TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed.

　　【B】NewstandrdsarebeingsetinDenmark.

　　【C】Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure.

　　【D】Itsinberentproblermaaregettingwotse.

　　Text2

　　Forthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry,InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate”thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily,ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthSerivce（NHS）atwhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry，thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport.

　　AcenturyagoOctaviaHillLaunchedthenationaltrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever”Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspaceforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair.”Hillispressurelaterledtocreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore，andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.itneedsconstantguardianship.

　　Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.Theconservativesplanningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation，evenauthorsing“off-plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.Theliberaldemocratsaresilent.Onlyukip,sensingitschance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.itsCampaigntoprotectruralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalconservativeparties.

　　Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses，factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare，incitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.TheLondonagentsstirlingackroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesintheLondonareaalone，withnointrusionongreenbelt.whatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.

　　Theideathat”housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways，wheretoputthem.Underlobbypressure，GeorgeOsboynefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-town,shoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownandvillageshavegrownandwill

　　26Britainispublicsentimentaboutthecountryside

　　AhasbroughtmuchbenefittotheNHS

　　Bdidn’tstarttilltheShakespeareanage

　　Cisfullybackedbytheroyalfamily

　　Disnotwellreflectedinpolitics

　　27AccordingtoParagraph2，theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenowbeing

　　Agraduallydestroyed

　　Beffectivelyreinforced

　　Cproperlyprotected

　　Dlargelyovershadowed

　　28whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?

　　AUkipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservation

　　Btheconservativesmayabandon”off-plan“building

　　Ctheliberaldemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluence

　　Dlabourisunderattackforopposingdevelopment

　　29theauthorholdsthatGeorgeOsborneispreference

　　Arevealsastrongprejudiceagainsturbanareas

　　Bshowshisdisregardforcharacterofruralareas

　　Cstressesthenecessityofeasingthehousingcrisis

　　Dhighlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbypressure

　　30inthelastparagraph，theauthorshowshisappreciationof

　　AthesizeofpopulationinBritain

　　BtheenviableurbanlifestyleinBritain

　　Cthetown-and-countryplanninginBritain

　　DthepoliticallifeintodayisBritain

　　Text4

　　TherewilleventurallycomeadaywhenTheNewYorkTimesceasestopublishstoriesonnewsprint.Exactllywhenthatdaywillbeisamatterofdebate.”Sometimeinthefuture”,thepaper’spublishersaidbackin2010.

　　Nostalgiaforinkonpaperandtherustleofpagesaside,there’splentyofincentivetoditchprint.Theinfrastructurerequiredtomakeaphysicalnewspaper—printingpresses,deliverytrucks-isn’tjustexpensive;it’sexcessiveatatimewhenonline-onlycompetitorsdon’thavethesamesetoffinancialconstraints.Readersaremigratingawayfromprintaway.Andthoughprintadsalesstilldwarfthireonlineandmobilecounterparts,revenuefromprintisstilldeclining.

　　Overwaybehighandcirculationlower,butrushingtoeliminateitsprinteditionwouldbeamistake,sayBuzzFeedCEOJoahPeretti.

　　PeretisaystheTimeshould’twastetimegettingoutoftheprintbusiness,

　　Butonlyiftheygoaboutittherightway.”Fightingoutofawaytoacceleratethattransitionwouldmakesenseofthem,”hesaid,“butifyoudiscontinueit“you’regoingtohaveyourmostloyalcustomersreallyupsetwithyou.”

　　Sometimes,that’sworthmakingachangeanyway.Pere