土建类外文翻译.docx

土建类外文翻译.docx

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土建类外文翻译

XXXXX大学

土木建筑工程学院专业外文翻译

建筑混凝土裂缝的预防与处理

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指导教师

二零一二年五月

Buildingconstructionconcretecrackof

preventionandprocessing

Abstract

Thecrackproblemofconcreteisawidespreadexistencebutagaindifficultinsolveofengineeringactualproblem,thistextcarriedonastudyanalysistoalittlebitfamiliarcrackproblemintheconcreteengineering,andaimatconcretethecircumstanceputforwardsomeprevention,processingmeasure.

Keyword:

Concretecrackpreventionprocessing

Foreword

Concrete'sising1kindisanticipatebythefreestonebone,cement,waterandothermixturebutformationoftheinadditionmaterialofqualitybrittlenessnotandallmaterial.Becausetheconcreteconstructiontransformwithoneself,controletc.aseriesproblem,hardenmodelofintheconcreteexistencenumeroustinyhole,spiritcaveandtinycrack,isexactlybecausethesebeginningstartblemishofexistencejustmaketheconcretepresentonesomenotandallthecharacteristicofquality.Thetinycrackisakindofharmlesscrackandacceptconcreteheavy,defendShenandalittlebitotherusefunctionnotacreationtoendanger.Butaftertheconcretebesubjectedtolotuscarry,differenceintemperatureetc.function,tinycrackwouldcontinuouslyofexpandwithconnect,endformationwecanseewithouttheaidofinstrumentsofmacroviewthecrackbealsothecrackthattheconcreteoftensayintheengineering.

ConcretebuildingandGoupieceusuallyalltakesewertomakeof,becauseofcrackofexistenceanddevelopmentusuallymakeinnerpartofreinforcingbaretc.materialcreationdecay,lowerreinforcedconcretematerialofloadingability,durableandanti-Shenability,influencebuildingofexternalappearance,servicelife,severitywillthreatarrivepeople'slifeandpropertysafety.Alotofallofcrashofengineeringsisbecauseoftheunsteadydevelopmentofthecrackwiththeresultthat.Modernagescienceresearchwithagreatdealofoftheconcreteengineeringpracticecertificate,intheconcreteengineeringcrackproblemisineluctable,alsoacceptableincertainlyofthescopejustneedtoadoptvalidofmeasurewillitendangerdegreecontrolatcertainofscopeinside.Thereinforcedconcretenormisalsoexplicitprovision:

Somestructureatplaceofdissimilarityundertheconditionallowexistencecertainthecrackofwidth.Butatunderconstructionshouldasfaraspossibleadoptavalidmeasurecontrolcrackcreation,makethestructuredon'tappearcrackpossiblyorasfaraspossibledecreasecrackofamountandwidth,particularlywanttoasfaraspossibleavoidharmfulcrackofemergence,insureengineeringqualitythus.

Concretecrackcreationofthereasonbealotofandhavealreadytransformedtocauseofcrack:

Suchastemperaturevariety,constringency,inflation,theasymmetrysinktosinketc.reasoncauseofcrack;Haveoutsidecarrythecrackthatthefunctioncause;Protectedenvironmentnotappropriatethecracketc.causedwithchemicaleffect.Wantdifferentiationtotreatintheactualengineering,work°outaproblemaccordingtotheactualcircumstance.

Intheconcreteengineeringthefamiliarcrackandtheprevention

1.StemSuocrackandprevention

StemtheSuocrackmuchappearaftertheconcreteprotectbeoverofaperiodoftimeorconcretesprinkletobuildtocompletebehindofaroundaweek.InthecementsyruphumidityofevaporatewouldcreationstemSuo,andthiskindofconstringencyiscan'tnegative.StemSuocrackofthecreationbemainisbecauseofconcreteinsideoutsidehumidityevaporatedegreedissimilaritybutcausetotransformdissimilarityofresult:

Theconcreteissubjectedtoexteriorconditionofinfluence,surfacehumiditylossleadquick,transformbigger,innerpartdegreeofhumidityvarietysmallertransformsmaller,biggersurfacestemtheSuotransformtobesubjectedtoconcreteinnerpartcontrol,creationmorebigpullshoulddintbutcreationcrack.Therelativehumidityismorelow,cementsyrupbodystemSuomorebig,stemtheSuocrackbemoreeasycreation.StemtheSuocrackismuchsurfaceparallellinesformorthenetshallowthincrack,widthmanybetween0.05-0.2mm,theflatsurfacepartmuchseeinthebigphysicalvolumeconcreteandfollowitmoreinthinnerbeamplankshorttodistribute.StemSuocrackusuallytheanti-Shenofinfluenceconcrete,causethedurableoftherusteclipseinfluenceconcreteofreinforcingbar,underthefunctionofthewaterpressuredintwouldcreationthewaterpowersplitcrackinfluenceconcreteofloadingdintetc..ConcretestemtheSuobemainwithwaterashoftheconcreteratio,thedosageofthecomposition,cementofcement,gathertoanticipateofthedosageofthepropertyanddosage,inadditionetc.relevant.

Mainpreventionmeasure:

Whilebeingtochoosetousetheconstringencyquantitysmallercement,generallowhotwatermireandpowderashfromstovecementintheadoption,lowerthedosageofcement.TwoisaconcreteofstemtheSuobesubjectedtowaterashratioofinfluencemorebig,waterashratiomorebig,stemSuomorebig,sointheconcretematchtheratiothedesignshouldasfaraspossiblecontrolgoodwaterashratioofchoosetouse,theChanaddinthemeantimeaccommodationofreducewater.Threeisstrictcontrolconcretemixblendwithunderconstructionofmatchratio,useofconcretewaterquantityabsolutecan'tbiginmatchratiodesigngivesettleofusewaterquantity.Fouristheearlierperiodwhichstrengthenconcretetoprotect,andappropriateextensionprotectofconcretetime.Winterconstructionwanttobeappropriateextensionconcreteheatpreservationtooverlaytime,andTu2Shuaprotecttoprotect.Fiveisaconstitutiontheaccommodationisintheconcretestructureoftheconstringencysew.

2.TheSuconstringencycrackandprevention

Suconstringencyistheconcreteisbeforecondense,surfacebecauseoflosewaterquickerbutcreationofconstringency.TheSuconstringencycrackisgeneralatdryheatorstrongwindtheweatherappear,crack'smuchpresentinginthecenterbreadth,bothendsbeinthecenterthinandthelengthbedifferent,witheachothernotcoherentappearance.Shortercrackgenerallong20-30cm,thelongercrackcanreachtoa2-3m,breadth1-5mm.Itcreationofmainreasonis:

TheconcreteiseventuallyalmosthavingnostrengthorstrengthbeforetheNingverysmall,perhapsconcretejusteventuallyNingbutstrengthveryhour,besubjectedtoheatorcomparestrongwinddintofinfluence,theconcretesurfacelosewatertoleadquick,resultininthecapillarycreationbiggernegativepressbutmakeaconcretephysicalvolumesharplyconstringency,butatthistimethestrengthofconcreteagaincan'tresistitsconstringency,thereforecreationcracked.TheinfluenceconcreteSuconstringencyopenthemainfactorofcracktohavewaterashratio,concreteofcondensetime,environmenttemperature,windvelocity,relativehumidity...etc..

Mainpreventionmeasure:

OneischoosetousestemtheSuovaluesmallerhigherHuosoursaltoftheearlierperiodstrengthorcommontheHuosourbrinemire.Twoisstrictthecontrolwaterashratio,theChanaddtoefficientlyreducewatertoincrementthecollapseofconcretefalladegreeandwitheasy,decreasecementandwaterofdosage.Threeistosprinklebeforebuildingconcrete,waterbasiclevelandtemplateeventosoakthrough.Fourisintimetooverlaytheperhapsdampgrassmatoftheplasticsthinfilm,hempsliceetc.,keepconcreteeventuallybeforetheNingsurfaceismoist,perhapsspraytoprotectetc.tocarryonprotectintheconcretesurface.Fiveisintheheatandstrongwindtheweathertowanttoestablishtohidesunandblockbreezefacilities,protectintime.

3.Sinktosinkcrackandprevention

Thecreationwhichsinktosinkcrackisbecauseofthestructurefoundationsoilqualitynotandevenly,loosesoftorreturntofillsoildishonestorsoakinwaterbutresultintheasymmetrysinktodeclinewiththeresultthat;Perhapsbecauseoftemplatejustdegreeshortage,thetemplateproppeduptooncebeapartfrombigorpropupbottomloosemoveetc.tocause,especiallyatwinter,thetemplatepropupatjellysoilup,jellythesoilturnjellyempresscreationasymmetrytosinktodeclineandcauseconcretestructurecreationcrack.Thiskindcrackmanyisdeepenterorpiercethroughsexcrack,italignmenthavesomethingtodowithsinkingtosinkacircumstance,generalfollowwithgroundperpendicularorpresent30°s-45°Capedirectiondevelopment,biggersinktosinkcrack,usuallyhavecertainofwrong,crackwidthusuallywithsinktodeclinequantitydirectproportionrelation.Crackwidthundertheinfluenceoftemperaturevarietysmaller.Thefoundationaftertransformstabilitysinktosinkcrackalsobasictendinstability.

Mainpreventionmeasure:

Oneisrightnessloosesoftsoil,returntofillsoilfoundationaconstructionattheupperpartstructurefrontshouldcarryonnecessityofHangsolidwithreinforce.Twoisthestrengththatassurancetemplateisenoughandjustdegree,andpropupfirm,andmakethefoundationbesubjectedtodinteven.Threeiskeepconcretefromsprinkleinfusingthefoundationintheprocessissoakbywater.Fouristimethattemplatetoredowntocan'tbetooearly,andwanttonoticetodismantleamoldorderofsequence.Fiveisatjellysoiltoptaketoestablishtemplatetonoticetoadoptcertainofpreventionmeasure.

4.Temperaturecrackandprevention

Temperaturecrackmuchtheoccurrenceisinbigsurfaceordifferenceintemperaturevarietyofthephysicalvolumeconcretecomparetheearthareaoftheconcretestructure.Concreteaftersprinklingtobuild,inthehardeningtheprocess,cementwatertur