届高三英语一轮复习讲义Book7Unit19.docx
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届高三英语一轮复习讲义Book7Unit19
重点识记词汇
1.trendn.趋势,倾向
2.absencen.缺乏;缺席
3.theoryn.理论;学说
4.attainvt.达到;获得
5.adequateadj.足够的,充分的
6.ensurevt.确保,保证
7.acceleratevi.&vt.加速
8.targetn.目标
9.enlargevt.扩大
10.guaranteevt.&n.保证
11.adjustvt.调整;调节
12.catchon学会,理解
13.forages很久,很长时间
14.onpurpose故意地
15.resemblevt.像;与……相似
16.negotiatevt.协商;谈判
17.approvaln.赞成;赞许;批准
18.purchasevt.购买
19.ontheotherhand另一方面
20.applicantn.申请人
21.regulationn.规则
22.ambiguousadj.模棱两可的
23.candidaten.候选人
24.sincerelyadv.真诚地
25.fluencyn.流畅度,流利度→fluentadj.流畅的
26.embarrassvt.使窘迫
27.congratulatevt.祝贺→congratulate...on向……道贺
28.informvt.告知,通知→informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事
29.accuracyn.精确度,准确度→accurateadj.正确无误的
30.thankfuladj.为……感到高兴的;感谢的→thankfullyadv.感谢地;令人感激地
31.surroundvt.环绕,围绕→surroundingadj.周围的→surroundingsn.环境
32.announcementn.通告;宣告→announcevt.通告;宣告
33.congratulatevt.祝贺→congratulationn.祝贺
34.unconsciousadj.无意的;不知不觉的→consciousadj.有意的;有知觉的
35.punctualadj.准时的;守时的→punctuallyadv.如期地,准时地
必背经典句式
1.Toputitsimply,ifyouwanttobeasuccessinthebusinessworld,youneedahighlevelofEnglishcompetence.
简单地说,如果你想在商业世界中成为一个成功者,你需要高水平的英语能力。
2.BythetimetheAmericanswontheirindependencefromBritaininthe1780s,therewerethirteencoloniesandfourmillionEnglishspeakingpeople!
到18世纪80年代美国人从英国人那里赢得独立为止,有十三个殖民地四百万人讲英语!
3.Thirdly,yousaythatthereisadiscountprovidedthatIpayinadvance.
第三,你们说我只要预付款就有折扣。
4.There’snopointreadingthenewsinEnglishifyou’vealreadywatcheditinyourownlanguage.
如果你已用母语看过这则消息,再用英语来读是没有意义的。
必背经典句式
5.Butsadly,thechancesthatwewillallhavetheopportunitytoliveinanEnglishspeakingcountryaresmall.
但令人遗憾的是,我们都生活在一个讲英语的国家的机会是很小的。
6.I’msorry,butwehavetokeeptothetimetable,sir.
先生,对不起,我们得遵守时刻表。
7.Itwaspredictedasearlyasthe1700sthatEnglishwouldonedaybethegloballanguageandthathasprovedtobethecaseinthelastfewdecades.
早在18世纪,英语就被预测会成为世界母语而且过去的几十年已证明是这样。
8.Qualityinputensuresqualityoutput,whetheritisspeakingorwriting.
不管是说还是写,高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。
构词记忆
achievement/ə′tʃiːvmənt/n.[C]功绩;成就
adjustment/ə′dʒʌstmənt/n.[C]&[U]调整;调节
advertisement/əd′vɜːtIsmənt/n.[C]广告
announcement/ə′naʊnsmənt/n.[C]&[U]通知;通告;布告
Ⅰ.词汇与派生
A.语境填词
1.Therewere500applicants(申请人)forthejob.
2.Herremarkwasfollowedbyanembarrassing(难堪的)silence.
3.I’vesetmyselfatarget(目标)ofsaving£5aweek.
4.Heenteredthelocalelectionsasacandidate(候选人).
5.Thereareplanstoenlarge(扩大)therecreationarea.
6.Theyhavejustpurchased(购买)anewhouseinthecountry.
7.Sheresembles(像)hersisterinappearancebutnotincharacter.
8.Hegaveusanambiguous(模棱两可的)reply.
9.Iinformed(通知)himthatIwouldnotbeabletoattend.
10.Theyhaveguaranteed(保证)thatanyfaultypartswouldbereplacedfreeofcharge.
B.用所给词的适当形式填空
11.Inmyopinion,youcandependonhim,becausehehasbeenreliableandpunctual(punctually).
12.Fluency(fluent)inFrenchisrequiredforthisjob.
13.Laboratoryworkneedsnotonlyaccurate(accuracy)measurementsbutalsocorrectcalculation.
14.Shecanseeitclearly.Shecanfeelit’swarmthsurrounding(surround)her.
15.ThespokesmanoftheForeignMinistryannounced(announcement)thenewstothereporters.
Ⅱ.短语运用
A.用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空
taketheformof,getahead,catchon,standout,consistof,keepinmind,besimilarto,beawareof,inform...of,approveof
16.Wouldyoumindrepeatingthat?
Ididn’tquitecatchon.
17.Inthismodel,thereturnmessagemighttaketheformoffeedbackoraformalreply.
18.Byworkinghard,hegotaheadoftherestoftheclass.
19.Canadaisacountryconsistingofmanydifferentnationalities.
20.Beingabletospeakmorethanonelanguagecanmakeyoustandoutandgetahead.
21.Isincerelyhopethatyouapproveofmyresignation.
22.Beawareofyoururgestoquit,andovercomethem.
23.Wealsotendtobesimilartoourfriendsandfamilyonincomeandwealthmeasures.
24.Andkeepinmindthatthisholdstrueregardlessofthelengthofyourspeech.
25.Informafriendofyourtargetssotheycanhelpmotivateyouaswell.
B.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空
inuse,ontheotherhand,suchas,onpurpose,thekeyto,forages
26.Icameherefornothingelsebuttoseeyouonpurpose.
27.Ontheonehand,lossimpliesgain;ontheotherhand,gainimpliesloss.
28.I’vebeenknockingawayforages,butnobodyhasansweredthedoor.
29.Quitesimply,intoday’sworld,Englishholdsthekeytoabrighterfutureandaworldofpossibilities.
30.ThisnotonlyhadAmericanwordsandexpressions,butalsointroducedanew,simplifiedspellingwhichisstillinuse.
31.ThecurriculumfocusesonEnglishlanguageskillsusedinbusinessmeetingsandinareassuchasmarketingandadvertising.
Ⅲ.经典句式
32.Bythetimetheoldmanrealizedthetruth,thetwocheatshadrunaway.
到这位老人意识到事实的真相时,那两个骗子已经逃跑了。
33.There’snopoint(in)tellinghimthetruthatpresent.
现在告诉他事实是没有用的。
34.Thechancesthatourteamcanwinthematcharegreat.
我们队能赢得这次比赛的机会很大。
35.I’msorrybutIhaveanotherappointmentthisafternoon.
对不起,今天下午我已有约。
36.Toputitsimply,wehavenothingonhand.
说实在的,我们手头没货。
37.Providedthatyouhavemoneyinyouraccount,youcanwithdrawupto£100aday.
只要账户存款足够,每天可提取不超过100英镑。
38.Whetheryouliketheideaornot,I’mgoingaheadwithit.
无论你是否喜欢这个意见,我将继续做下去。
39.ItissaidthatinAustraliathereismorelandthan(landwhich)thegovernmentknowswhattodowithit.
据说澳大利亚的土地多得政府都不知道作何用途。
1
absencefrom缺席
inone’sabsence/intheabsenceofsb.在某人不在的时候
absenceofmind心不在焉
absentadj.缺席的;不在意的
beabsentfrom缺席……
bepresentat出席……
absentlyadv.心不在焉地
Heneverquestionshisfather’sabsence.
他从未问过为什么他的父亲不在。
Thoseheatcanwarmthingsupprettyquicklyintheabsenceofacoolingsystem.
在缺少冷却系统的情况下,那些热量能够使物体迅速升温。
[夯实基础]
语法填空
(1)Tomwasabsentfromschoolbecausehewasill.
(2)Inthemanager’sabsence,Mr.Whiteisinchargeofthebusiness.
(3)Hisattentionabsorbed(absorb)bythescreen,hejustnoddedabsently(absent).
(4)There’sanabsent(absence)expressiononhisface.
2
ensureone’ssafety/success保证某人的安全/成功
ensuresb.sth.保证/确保某人(得到)某物
ensuresb.from/againstdanger保护某人免受危险
Premiersaidthatwemustensurethesafetyoffoodtheotherday.
几天前总理说,我们必须确保食品安全。
[夯实基础]
Thispillwillensurethepatientagoodnight’ssleep.
Thispillwillensurethatthepatienthasagoodnight’ssleep.(改为含有that从句的复合句)
3
[应试指导] 应用类写作高频词汇
guaranteesb.sth.保证某人某事
guaranteetodosth.保证去做某事
beguaranteedtodo...肯定做……
underguarantee在保修期内
givesb.aguaranteethat...向某人担保……
Allstudentsareguaranteedcampusaccommodationfortheirfirstyear.
保证安排所有的学生第一年在校内住宿。
Evenifyoucompleteyourtraining,Ican’tguaranteeyouajob.
即使你完成了培训,我也无法保证你能有工作。
[夯实基础]
我们保证在一周内将货物送到。
(一句多译)
(1)Weguaranteetodeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(guaranteev.)
(2)Weareguaranteedtodeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(beguaranteedto)
(3)Wegiveaguaranteethatwewilldeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(guaranteen.)
4
adjuststh.tosth.调整……以适应……
adjust(oneself)to...(使自己)适应于……
adjusttodoing...适应做……
makeanadjustment作出调整
Wehavebeenpreparingourfighterstoadjustthemselvestocivilsociety.
我们一直在培训我们的战士,以使他们适应普通的社会生活。
Toattractinvestors,Panamahasadjusteditstaxandlaborlaws.
为吸引投资者,巴拿马调整了税法和劳动法。
[夯实基础]
语法填空
(1)Shefoundithardtoadjusttoworking(work)atnight.
(2)Hewillhavetomakemajoradjustments(adjust)tohisthinkingifheistosurviveinoffice.
(3)Shesoonadjustedherself(she)tohiswayoflife.
(4)Thesurveyshowssomemajorpublishers,institutionsandbusinesseshavebeguntomakeadjustments(adjust)tothenewageinordertomeettheneedofthesocialandeconomicchange.
5
[应试指导]
(1)过去分词作宾补
(2)应用类写作高频词汇
informsb.of/aboutsth.通知某人某事
keepsb.informedof/about...通知某人关于……;使某人知道……
beinformedof...听说;接到……的通知
informsb.that...告诉某人……
Theywouldinformhimofanyprogresstheyhadmade.
他们会把他们取得的任何进步都告诉他。
[夯实基础]
(1)语法填空
①Themanagerputupanoticetokeepthestaffinformed(inform)ofwhattodothisweek.
②Fordetailedinformation(inform),consultTom,whoisinformed(inform)well.
(2)Heinformedthecompanythattheshiphadarrivedsafely.
Heinformedthecompanyoftheship’ssafearrival.(改为简单句)
6
[应试指导] approve作为高级词汇替换agree
giveone’sapprovalto批准
approvev.赞成,同意;认可;批准
approveofsb./sth./(one’s)doingsth.赞成/同意某人/某事/(某人)做某事
approve(doing)sth.批准(做)某事
Thegovernmenthasgivenitsapprovaltoaprogramofeconomicreforms.
政府已经通过一些经济改革方案。
[特别提醒]
approve作“批准”讲时,常用作及物动词;作“赞成,同意”讲时,常用approveof。
[夯实基础]
(1)Shewouldneverdoanythingthatwasnotapprovedof(不同意)byherparents.
(2)Shedoesn’tapproveofme/myleavingschool(同意我离校)thisyear.
1catchon(思想、服饰等)受……的欢迎,(在……中)流行,(被……)接受(withsb.);理解,了解(tosth.);学会
[多词一义] catchon,understand,follow,bepopularwith
catchupwithsb./sth.赶上……
catchsb.doingsth.发现某人做某事
catchsightof看见
catchone’sattention/eye吸引某人
Beingaforeigner,Carldidnotcatchontothejoke.
卡尔是个外国人,不了解这个笑话的含意。
[夯实基础]
他发明了一种新的游戏,但从未真正流行起来。
(翻译句子)
Heinventedanewgame,butitneverreallycaughton.
2
[应试指导] 写作过渡词汇
on(the)onehand...ontheother(hand)...一方面……,另一方面……
foronething...,foranother...一则……;二则……
On(the)onehandIwanttosellthehouse,butontheotherhand,Ican’tbearthethoughtofmoving.
一方面我想把房子卖掉,但另一方面我又不能忍受搬家。
[特别提醒]
on(the)onehand...ontheother(hand)...常表达相矛盾的两方面;foronething...,foranother...陈述的两方面情况常一致。
[夯实基础]
(1)语法填空
①Startingyourownbusinesscouldbeawaytoachievingfinancialindependence.Ontheotherhand,itcouldjustputyouindebt.
②Foronething,youmustmakeapromise;foranother,youshouldactatonce.
(2)翻译句子
①一方面我们应该呼吁公众提高认识,另一方面我们应该立即行动。
On(the)onehand,wearesupposedtoappealtothepublictodeepentheunderstanding,butontheotherhand,we