新标准大学英语第二册U2 Mixed Feelings讲稿.docx
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新标准大学英语第二册U2MixedFeelings讲稿
Unit2Mixedfeelings
ActiveReading1Howempathyunfolds
I.Warming-upexercises
1.Lookatthefollowingpicturesanddescribetheemotionshownineachpicture.
2.Discussthequestion:
Doyousometimestrytohideyouremotions?
Whyorwhynot?
3.Skimthetext,andfindoutthedefinitionofempathyandsympathyinthepassage.
Empathyoriginatesfromasortofphysicalimitationofthedistressofanother,whichthenevokesthesamefeelingsinoneself.（Para.3）
Sympathyisfeltforthegeneralplightofanotherwithnosharingofwhatthatotherpersonisfeeling.
4.NowdecidewhetherthefeelingsoractionsdescribedbelowarearesultofSympathy（S）orEmpathy（E）.
sendingacardtosomeonewhoisinhospital
feelinghappybecauseyourfriendhaswonascholarshiptoaprestigiousuniversity
tryingtocomfortsomeonewhohashadbadnews
reactingphysicallywhenyouseethatsomeoneisinpain
collectingmoneytohelpthevictimsofanaturaldisaster
cryingattheendofafilm
Summary:
Sympathy=Icanunderstandyourpain.Empathy=Ifeelyourpain.
II.TextOrganization
Cf.ppt.
III.Comprehendingthetext
1.WhatdidHopedowhenshesawanotherbabyfall?
Tearswelledupinherowneyesandshecrawledofftobecomfortedbyhermother.
2.WhydidMichaelgivehisteddybeartoPaul?
HedidittocomfortPaul.
3.Whoobservedandrecordedtheseactions?
Thebabies’mothersobservedandrecordedtheseactions.
4.Whendopsychologistsbelievethathumansbegintoexperienceempathy?
Theybelievethathumansbegintoexperienceempathyvirtuallyfromthedaytheyareborn.
5.Whichexampleshowsthatbabiessometimesdon’trealizetheyaren’ttheoneswhoaresuffering?
Theexampleofbabieswhoimitatethedistressofsomeoneelse.
6.WhenwasthewordempathyfirstusedinEnglishtodescribesuchreactions?
ThewordempathywasfirstusedinEnglishinthe1920sbyE.B.Titchener.
7.Whywasthewordsympathynotappropriate?
Itisnotappropriatebecausesympathyisfeltforthegeneralplightofanotherwithnosharingofwhatthatotherpersonisfeeling;empathymeansactuallysharingorimagininganotherperson’sfeelings.
8.Atwhatagedochildrenstarttodistinguishotherpeople’sfeelingsfromtheirown?
Aroundtwoandahalf,childrenstarttodistinguishotherpeople’sfeelingsfromtheirown.
9.Howcanparentsincreasefeelingsofempathyintheirchildren?
Theycanincreasefeelingsofempathyinchildrenbycallingstrongattentiontothedistresstheirmisbehaviorcausedsomeoneelse.
ⅣWords&Expressions
empathyn.[U]theabilitytounderstandhowsomeonefeelsbecauseyoucanimaginewhatitisliketobethem同感；同情；移情
Øempathywith/forsb./sth.
empathybetweenAandB
e.g.Thereisastrangeempathybetweentheoldladyandhergrandson.
老妇人和她孙子间有种莫名其妙的心灵相通的感觉。
empathica.（alsoempathetic）abletounderstandhowsomeonefeelsbecauseyoucanimaginewhatitisliketobethem移情的；有同感的；产生共鸣的
e.g.Hewasveryempathicaboutwhatthepeopleweresufferingthere.
他非常同情那里的人们所受的苦。
wellup
1）（ofaliquid）riseuptothesurfaceandspillorbeabouttospill（液体）流出，涌出
e.g.Ifelttearswellupinmyeyes.我感到泪水夺眶而出。
2）（ofanemotion）ariseandbecomemoreintense（情绪）变得强烈
e.g.Angerwelledupwithinhim.他怒火中烧。
crawlvi.
1）movealongonyourhandsandkneeswithyourbodyclosetotheground爬，爬行；匍匐行进
e.g.Ababycrawls（around）beforeitcanwalk.
婴儿先会（到处）爬,然后才会走。
2）（oftraffic,vehicles,etc.）moveveryslowly（指来往行人﹑车辆等）缓慢地行进,徐缓而行
e.g.Thetrafficcrawledoverthebridgeintherush-hour.
在高峰时刻桥上的车辆行驶缓慢。
retrievevt.（fml）findsomethingandbringitback（正式）重新找回；收回，取回
e.g.Shebentdowntoretrieveherearring.她俯下身去捡回她的耳环。
Øretrievesth.from
e.g.Thewreckageofthecrashedplanewasretrievedfromtheocean.
失事飞机的残骸已经从海里打捞出来
tracevt.
1）discovertheoriginofsomethingorhowitdeveloped追究；追溯（来源）
e.g.Thestyleofthesepaintingscanbetracedbacktoearlymedievalinfluences.
这些绘画的风格可以追溯到中世纪早期的影响。
2）findsomeoneorsomethingthatyouarelookingforbyaskingquestionsandgettinginformation追查；追踪
e.g.Shehadgivenupallhopeoftracinghermissingdaughter.
她已经放弃了寻找失踪女儿的所有希望。
infantn.[C]（fml）ababyorveryyoungchild婴儿，幼儿
e.g.anurseryforinfantsundertwo两岁以下婴儿的托儿所
Wordfamily:
infancyn.theperiodofachild’slifebeforetheycanwalkortalk婴儿期，幼儿期
e.g.Inthepast,manychildrendiedininfancy.过去很多孩子夭折于襁褓。
virtuallyad.almost差不多，实质上,实际上
e.g.Virtuallyallthechildrencometoschoolbybus.
差不多所有的孩子都是乘巴士来上学的。
Synonym:
practically
precursorn.[C]（fml）sth.thathappenedbeforesth.elseandinfluenceditsdevelopment[正式]先兆，前兆
Øprecursorof/to
e.g.1.Overweightandshortnessofbreathweretheprecursorsofaheartattack.
身体超重和呼吸急促都是心脏病发作的前兆。
2.Werethesesmallmovementstheprecursortomajorearthquake?
这些小的活动是否是一次大地震的先兆呢？
sympathetica.
1）caringandfeelingsorryaboutsomeone’sproblems同情的；有同情心的；表示同情的
e.g.Wehopealwaystoprovideafriendlysympatheticear.
2）willingtogiveapprovalandsupporttoanaimorplan（对某目的或计划）赞成的，支持的
e.g.Weaskedforhersupportintheelection,butshewasn'tsympathetic（toourrequest）.
我们请求她在选举中给予支持,但她（对我们的请求）无动于衷。
distressn.[U]afeelingofextremeunhappiness苦恼，悲伤，忧虑
Fillinthegapwiththeappropriatewordfromthebox.Changetheformifnecessary.
Hefearedtotouchon_______________memories.
It_____________himtothinkthathehasnohopeofchangingthings.
HearrivedonDick’sdoorstepinobvious__________.
Hey,what'sup?
Whatareyoulookingso__________for?
disturbancen.[C,U]造成干扰的事物；干扰
disturbanceto
e.g.Whenahelicopterlands,itcancauseadisturbancetolocalresidents.
直升机降落时会打扰当地居民。
Wordfamily:
disturbv.
miseryn.[U,C]greatsufferingthatiscausedforexamplebybeingverypoororverysick苦恼，痛苦；苦难
e.g.Whatwearewitnessinghereishumanmiseryonavastscale.
Translatethefollowingsentences:
1.Competitivemotherscanmaketheirdaughters'livesamisery.
2.Goon,putthemoutoftheirmiseryandannouncethewinner.
imitatevt.copythewaysomeonebehaves,speaks,movesetc.,especiallyinordertomakepeoplelaugh模仿（某人的动作、言语或行为）
e.g.ShewasasplendidmimicandlovedtoimitateWinstonChurchill.
她是个出色的模仿者，喜欢模仿温斯顿·丘吉尔。
Wordfamily:
imitationn.
Synonym:
mimic
comprehendv.[notinprogressive不用进行式]understandsomethingthatiscomplicatedordifficult理解，领会
e.g.1.Shecannotcomprehendtheextentofthedisaster.
她无法理解这场灾难的程度。
2.Hecouldn'tcomprehendherreasonsformarryingtheoldman.
他不明白她为什么要嫁给那个老头。
Wordfamily:
comprehensionn.comprehensivea.
mimicryn.[U]theactionorskillofbeingabletocopythevoice,movements,etc.ofothers模仿;模仿能力
e.g.Parrotsspecializeinvocalmimicry.鹦鹉擅长对语言的模仿。
Wordfamily:
mimicv.
evokevt.produceastrongfeelingormemoryinsomeone使人想起；唤起（感情、想法或记忆）
e.g.1.ThephotographsevokedstrongmemoriesofourholidaysinFrance.
那些照片勾起了我们对在法国度假的深刻回忆。
2.Hisappearanceisboundtoevokesympathy.他的外表会引起人们的同情。
distincta.clearlydifferent有区别的；不同的
e.g.1.twoentirelydistinctlanguages
2.Astronomy,asdistinctfromastrology,isanexactscience.
天文学是一门严谨的科学,与占星术完全不同。
plightn.[C]averybadsituationthatsomeoneisin困境，苦境
e.g.1.thecountry'seconomicplight该国的经济困境
2.Wemustdirectoureffortstowardsrelievingtheplightofchildrenlivinginpoverty.
我们必须致力于减轻生活在贫困中的儿童的苦难。
repertoiren.[C]thetotalnumberofthingsthatsomeoneorsomethingisabletodo全部技能（或才能）
e.g.1.thebehavioralrepertoireofinfants
婴幼儿的行为能力
2.Anactorhastobuildacharacterandextendhisownemotionalrepertoire.
演员必须会塑造人物并拓展自己的情感表达技巧。
strokevt.gentlymoveyourhandoverskin,hair,orfur（用手）轻抚,抚摸
e.g.1.Thegirlstrokedthecat.女孩抚摸着小猫。
2.Heputhishandonherhairandstrokedit.他把手放在她头发上轻轻地抚摩。
patvt.touchsomeonegentlyseveraltimeswithaflathandtoshowthatyoucareaboutthemorwanttomakethemfeelbetter平拍，轻拍（以示关心或抚慰）
e.g.Hepattedthedogaffectionately.他亲热地拍着狗。
divergevi.differ,asinopinionormanner相异，出现分歧
e.g.I’mafraidouropinionsdivergefromeachotheronthedirectionofinvestment.
恐怕我们在投资方向上的见解不同。
disciplinevt.teachsomeonetoobeyrulesandcontroltheirbehaviour训练；训导
e.g.1.Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysofdiscipliningtheirchildren.
不同的文化有不同的管教儿童的方法。
2.Shemusthavebeenwelldisciplinedforherorderliness.
她有条不紊，一定受过良好的训练。
misbehaviorn.[U]（AmE）badbehaviourthatisnotacceptabletootherpeople不正当的举止；粗鲁行为
e.g.Eventhemostminorformsofmisbehaviourwerepunished.
即使是最轻微的不良行为也受到了惩罚。
Synonym:
misconduct
apartfrom
1）exceptfor除……以外
e.g.Wedidn’tseeanyoneallday,apartfromacoupleofkidsonthebeach.
除了海滩上的几个小孩，我们一整天都没见到什么人。
2）besides除……以外（还）
e.g.Apartfromcaringforherchildren,shehastotakeonsuchheavytime-consuminghouseworkascarryingwaterandfirewood.（CET-4-2003-1）
除了照顾孩子们之外，她还要干很多费时费力的工作，例如挑水和背柴。
stemfrom:
developasaresultofsomethingelse源于；是……缘故
e.g.1.Hisheadachesstemmedfromvisionproblems.
他的头痛是由视力问题引起的。
2.discontentstemmingfromlowpayandpoorworkingconditions
因工资低﹑工作条件差而产生的不满情绪
pullaway
1）moveyourbodyorpartofyourbodyawayfromsomeoneorsomething闪避；躲开
e.g.Shepulledawayfromhim.她挣脱了他。
2）starttodriveawayfromaplacewhereyouhadstopped（车辆或司机）开走
e.g.Hewavedashepulledaway.
他开车走的时候挥了挥手。
Øpullsth.away/free
e.g.Shetriedtopullherhandfree,butitwasheldfast.
她想抽出手来，但是被牢牢地抓住了。
calmdown:
becomequietandrelaxedafteryouhavebeenangry,excited,nervous,orupset（使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来
e.g.1.Calmdownandtellmewhathappened.
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