英语写作基本句型+词组.docx

英语写作基本句型+词组.docx

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英语写作基本句型+词组

一、基本句型

I.表示利用、使用、作用、应用、功能：

动词及词组：

playarolein/function（as）/act（as）/serve（as）/serveto/usesthassth/usesthfordoing（sth）/make（good）useofsth/usesthtodosth/apply/takeadvantageof/haveaneffecton/have[fulfill]afunctionof/putsthto（good）use

名词及词组：

function/effectonsth/theuseofsth/

介词及词组：

with/inuse/outofuse

1.营养不良使各器官功能低下。

Malnutritionmakesorgansfunctionpoorly[inefficiently/ineffectively].

Poornutritionharmsthenormalfunctionsoforgans.

Poornutritiondecreasesthefunctionalefficiencyoforgans.

2.当健康危险因素评价（healthriskfactorappraisal）被用于指导人们改变不良健康行为时，它的效用便得到了最大程度的发挥。

Whenhealthriskfactorappraisalisused[applied/adopted]toguidepeopletochangetheirunhealthybehavior,itsmaximumrolehasbeenfulfilled.

Whenhealthriskfactorappraisalisused[applied/adopted]forguidingpeopletochangetheirunhealthybehavior,itsmaximumrolehasbeenfulfilled.

Healthriskfactorappraisalplaysitsmaximumroleinguidingpeopletochangetheirunhealthybehavior.

3.充分利用国外的先进经验，搞好我国的健康教育。

Weshouldimprove[promote]healtheducationinourcountrybymakinggooduseof[usingwell/takingadvantageof]advancedexperienceofforeigncountries.

Weshouldmakegooduseof[usewell/takeadvantageof]advancedexperienceofforeigncountriesandimprove[promote]healtheducationinourcountry

Weshouldimprove[promote]healtheducationinourcountrywiththehelpofadvancedexperienceofforeigncountries.

4.冬季晨炼应尽量用鼻呼吸。

Doingmorningexerciseinwinter,weshouldbreathewithnoseasmuchaspossible.

Doingmorningexerciseinwinter,weshouldusenosetobreatheasmuchaspossible.

Doingmorningexerciseinwinter,weshouldusenoseforbreathingasmuchaspossible.

5.一些中药在实验中能抑制HIV，且价格便宜，预计会有很好的应用前景。

SincesomeChineseherbalmedicineshavebeenfoundtobeabletocheckHIVinexperimentsandarecheap,theywillhavegood[wide]applicationinthefuture.

SincesomecheapChineseherbalmedicinescouldcheckHIVinexperiments,theywillhavegood[wide]applicationinthefuture.

SincesomecheapChineseherbalmedicinescouldcheckHIVinexperiments,theywillbeputingooduseinthefuture.

6.抗生素不要滥用和误用。

Antibioticscannotbeoverused,abusedormisused.

7.公共卫生体系的建设，对于有效地控制禽流感的爆发流行，起了重要作用。

Theconstructionofpublichealthsystemplayedanimportant[major/central/key/vital]roleineffectivepreventionoftheoutbreakandwidespreadofbirdflue.

8.音乐作为一种护理方法，有很好的止痛片的作用。

Musicasanursingmethodhasagoodeffectoneasingthepain.

Musicasanursingmethodcanserveasakindofpainkiller.

Musicasanursingmethodhasagoodfunctionofeasingthepain.

II.表达方式、方法、手段、措施:

动词及词组：

take（effective）measures[steps/actions]todosth

名词及词组：

waytodosth/wayofdoingsth/way（that）sbdoessth/approachto（doing）sth/scheme/strategy

介词及词组：

bydoingsth/bymeansofsth/throughsth[doingsth]/withdoingsth/withsth/ina…way[manner]/bythismethod/inthisway

1.通过专门的技术和仪器，现在可以拍摄出分子的照片。

Bymeansof[With/Through]specialtechniquesandinstrumentsitisnowpossibletophotographmolecules.

2.出乎意料的是，学生们以极大的热情（兴趣）作出了回应。

Unexpectedly,thecollegestudentsrespondedwithgreatenthusiasm[interest].

Unexpectedly,thecollegestudentsrespondedinanenthusiasticmanner[way].

3.无法知道该治疗是否有效。

Thereisnowayofknowingifthetreatmentwillwork.

Wehavenowayofknowingwhetherthetreatmentiseffectiveornot.

Itisimpossibletoknowwhetherthetreatmentiseffectiveornot.

4.健康危险因素评价（healthriskfactorappraisal）是研究危险因素与慢性病发病及死亡之间数量依存关系及其规律性的一种技术方法。

Healthriskfactorappraisalisatechnicalmethod[approach/means]bywhichpeoplestudythecorrelationbetweenhealthriskfactorsandchronicdiseases.

Healthriskfactorappraisalisatechnicalmethod[approach/means]bywhichmedicalresearchesaredoneonthequantitativecorrelationbetweenhealthriskfactors,chronicdiseasesanddeathsaswellastherulesofthecorrelation.

5.烧伤严重程度不同，对烧伤病人的急救方式也不同

Weshouldtakedifferentmeasurestodealwithburnsofdifferentdegrees.

Thewayswetreatburnemergencyshouldvaryaccordingtothedifferentdegreesoftheburn.

Firstaidforburnvictimsvariesaccordingtotheseverityoftheburn.

6.健康教育已成为解决当代公共卫生问题的重要途径。

Healtheducationhasbecomeanimportantway[method/means]ofsolving[resolving/settling/dealingwith]publichealthproblems.

Healtheducationhasbecomeanimportantway[method/means]tosolve[resolve/settle/dealwith]publichealthproblems.

7.通过不断完善公共卫生体系建设，减少各种突发公共卫生事件对人民健康和社会经济发展造成的损害。

Wecanreducedamagesthatsuddenpublichealthaccidentsmaycausetopeople’shealthandsocialandeconomicdevelopmentbymeansof[bywayof/through/by]continuousimprovementofthepublichealthsystem.

8.这个问题应该用对双方都公平的方式来解决。

Theproblemshouldberesolvedina[n]manner[way/approach]thatisfairtobothsides.

9.听音乐是一种减轻紧张情绪的方法。

Listeningtomusicisonewayofrelieving[easing]stress.

Listeningtomusicisonewaytorelieve[ease]stress.

10.流感的传播方式和普通感冒一样，都是通过鼻和喉的分泌物传染的。

Fluisspreadinthesamewayasacold,throughthesecretionsfromthenoseandthroat.

Thewayfluisspreadisthesameas[theway]acold[is],bymeansofthesecretionsfromthenoseandthroat.

Likeacommoncold,fluisspreadthroughthesecretionsfromthenoseandthroat.

I.表达增加、增强、加强：

名词及词组：

huge[massive/large/dramatic/sharp/rapid/significant/marked/slight/small/modest/gradual]increase;

anincreaseinsth/price[pay/tax/population]increase

动词及词组：

increaseinvalue[price/importance];

increase（sth）from[to]sth/strengthen/heightenawareness/raiseawareness/intensify/add（to）

介词及词组：

onasharpincrease/ontheincrease

1.在牛奶中加糖5%—8%，也是提高（增加）热量摄入的一种有效方法。

Toadd5%—8%ofsugarinmilkisagood[aneffective]waytoincrease[raise]theintakeofcalories.

Additionof5%—8%ofsugarinmilkcanwellincrease[raise]theintakeofenergy.

2.在寒冷环境下运动时能量消耗大，机体能量代谢增强，产热增加。

Underthecoldconditions,exercisesconsume[useup]agreatamountofenergyandmakethemetabolismofthebodymuchmoreactivetoproducemorecalories.

Doingphysicaltrainingincoldcircumstancesconsumes[usesup]alotofenergy.Asaresult,metabolismofthebodyisspedup[intensified/increased/strengthened]andcalorieproductionisincreased[intensified].

Whenonedoesphysicaltrainingincoldwhether,hismetabolismincreasestoproducemorecalories.

3.“过度医疗”增加了社会的医疗负担。

“ExcessiveTreatment”[Overtreatment]increases[addsto]thesocialburdenofmedicalcare.

“ExcessiveTreatment”[Overtreatment]increases[addsto]thesocialexpenditureonmedicalcare.

“ExcessiveTreatment”[Overtreatment]makesthewholesocietyspendmoremoneyonmedicalcare.

4.免疫缺陷病（immunedeficiencydiseases）的共同特点是对感染的易感性（susceptibility）明显增加和易发生恶性肿瘤（malignanttumors）。

Thecommonfeatureofimmunedeficiencydiseasesisobviouslyincreasedsusceptibility[sensitivity]toinfectionsandgreaterchancesofdevelopingmalignanttumors.

Allthepatientswithimmunedeficiencydiseasesaremorelikelytobeinfectedandtodevelopmalignanttumors.

5.在那些体重不随年龄增加的人群中动脉压也不随年龄增加。

Inthosewhosebodyweightdoesnotincrease[goup/rise]withage,thearterialpressuredoesnotincrease[goup/rise]withageeither.

Ifapersondoesnotputonmoreweightasheorshegrowsolder,hisorherarterialpressuredoesnotincrease[goup/rise]withage.

6.摄盐量又高，使钠与钾（natriumandkalium）的比值增大，促使血压升高。

Highintakeofsaltincreasestheratio[proportion]ofnatriumandkaliumintheblood,whichconsequentlyraises[heightens;increases]thebloodpressure.

Highintakeofsaltmakestheratio[proportion]ofnatriumandkaliuminthebloodbecomegreater,andconsequentlymakesthebloodpressurehigher.

7.由于“非典”后我国加强了公共卫生体系建设，应对突发公共卫生事件的能力有了很大提高。

Becauseourcountryintensified[strengthened/enhanced]theconstructionofpublichealthsystemaftertheattackofSARS,thecapacity[ability]todealwithpublichealthemergencieswasgreatlyincreased[strengthened/enhanced].

BecausewestrengthenedtheconstructionofpublichealthsystemaftertheSARSincident,wecandealwithpublichealthemergenciesmuchbetter.

8.人类平均寿命的延长还会加重（增加）人类后代的负担。

Theextendedlifeexpectancyofhumanbeingswillputonmore[increase]burdensontheirdescendants.

Ifaveragehumanlifespanisexpanded,humandescendantswillhavemore[greater]burdens.

II.表达提高、促进、改进、改善、进步：

名词及词组：

improvementinsth/progress（不可数）in（doing）sth/advanceinsth;

rapid[good/slow/steady/significant/economic/scientific/medical]progress

动词及词组：

promote/advance/enhance/raise/makeprogress/makeimprovements/

1.让病人参与的目的是为了促进在病人护理和治疗服务水平方面的改善。

Theaimofpatients’involvement[participation]istopromote[increase]theleveloftreatmentandnursingservices.

Patientscanhelpimprovetheleveloftreatmentandnursingservices.

2.空气中的负离子不仅能调节神经系统，而且可以促进胃肠消化、加深肺部的呼吸。

Anionsintheaircannotonlyregulatethenervesystem,butalsopromote[accelerate;speedup]digestionandbreathing.

Anionsintheaircannotonlyregulatethenervesystem,butalsohelpthedigestioninthestomachandintestinesandbreathinginthelungs.

Anionsintheairaregoodforthenervesystem,digestionandlungs.

3.只有提高人的素质和公共道德水平，我们才有一个干净整洁的公共环境。

Onlyafterwehaveenhancedthequalityofpeopleandpublicmoralscanwehaveacleanandtidypublicenvironment.

Onlytheenhancedqualityofpeopleandpublicmoralscanresultin[leadto]acleanandtidypublicenvironment.

Wemustimprovepeople’squalityandpublicmoralsbeforewecanhaveacleanandtidypublicenvironment.

4.提高对健康教育的认识才能促进社区卫生工作。

Ifyoudeep