最新高三英语阅读理解教育文化试题有答案和解析.docx

最新高三英语阅读理解教育文化试题有答案和解析.docx

《最新高三英语阅读理解教育文化试题有答案和解析.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《最新高三英语阅读理解教育文化试题有答案和解析.docx（28页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

最新高三英语阅读理解教育文化试题有答案和解析

最新高三英语阅读理解（教育文化）试题（有答案和解析）

一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类

1．阅读理解

   Theterm"crocodiletears"referstoinsinceresadness.Thistermhasanetymologydatingbackseveralcenturies.Asearlyasthefourthcentury,crocodiletearsarereferencedintheliteraturewiththemeaningofinsinceresorrow.Itissaidthatcrocodilesweepwhileeatingtheirhuntedanimalsbecausetheyaresad;however,thissadnessisnothonest.

   Thetermcrocodiletearsbecamewidelypopularafteritwasdocumentedinafifteenth-centurybooktitledTheVoyageandTravelofSirJohnMandeville,Knight.Apassagefromthebookreads:

"Thesecrocodileskillmenandtheyeatthemweeping."

   Asyoumayalreadyknow,crocodilians（鳄目动物）likelyfeelbadaboutlittle—especiallyfeeding.However,theassumptionofthecrocodile-tearsmetaphormaybetrue.Ina2007paperpublishedinBioSciencetitled"CrocodileTears:

Andtheyeatthemweeping",researchersobserved7crocodiliansincagesduringfeedingtimeatareserve（4caimansand3Americanalligators）.Theresearchersobservedthecrocodiliansoutsideofwateratfeedingstationstobetterfindoutwhethertearingdeveloped.

   Fiveofthe7crocodiliansdevelopedsomethingliketearsintheireyesbefore,duringorafterfeeding.Theresearcherssuggestthatthesecrocodiletearsoccurbecauseacrocodilianhisses（发出嘶嘶声）whileiteats,andthishissingforcesairthroughthespacesinthebonebehindthenoseandouttheeye,intheprocesspickingupnasolacrimalsecretions（鼻泪管分泌物.）

   Inhumans,crocodiletearsisamedicalconditionthatcausesapersontotearupwhileeating.Crocodiletearstypicallyoccurbecauseofatemporarylossoffacialcontrolduetodamageofthefacialnerve.Specifically,whenthefacialnervegrowsagain,itdoessoincorrectlythusresultingintearsduringchewingfood.

（1）Theunderlinedword"etymology"inParagraph1refersto________.

A.areferencebookcontainingarticlesonvarioustopics

B.theoriginandhistoryofaparticularterm

C.aprintedsheetofpaperthatarcgivenfreetoadvertise

D.theapplicationandinfluenceofanewtheory

（2）Theterm"crocodiletears"________.

A.isamedicalconditionthatcausesacrocodiletotearup

B.becamewidelypopularasearlyasthefourthcentury

C.referstopretendedsadness

D.provedtobeonlyanassumption

（3）Fromthe2007paperpublishedinBioScience,wecanknowthat________.

A.crocodiliansespeciallyfeelbadaboutfeeding

B.notallthe7crocodiliansdevelopedtearing

C.thecrocodilianswerecarefullyobservedinsidewater

D.crocodiletearsoccurbecauseacrocodilianhissesafteriteats

（4）Thepassageismainlyabout________.

A.whattherealtruthisaboutcrocodiletears

B.whentheterm"crocodiletears"gotpopularinliterature

C.howresearchersmadetheexperimentoncrocodilians

D.whycrocodiletearstypicallyoccurinhumans

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过引用“鳄鱼的眼泪”这一说法的来源、发展以及相关实验来告诉读者“crocodiletears”的真实含义。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第一段中的“datingbackseveralcenturies”追溯到几个世纪前；以及“Asearlyasthefourthcentury,crocodiletearsarereferencedintheliteraturewiththemeaningofinsinceresorrow.”早在公元4世纪，鳄鱼的眼泪在文学作品中的意思是假慈悲，可推知，etymology和一个词条的来源和发展相关。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Itissaidthatcrocodilesweepwhileeatingtheirhuntedanimalsbecausetheyaresad;however,thissadnessisnothonest.”是指假伤心，假慈悲。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Fiveofthe7crocodiliansdevelopedsomethingliketearsintheireyesbefore,duringorafterfeeding.”7只鳄鱼中，有5只在吃食之前，之中和之后流下了眼泪，可知，并非所有的鳄鱼在吃食时都会流泪。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据倒数第二段中的“Theresearcherssuggestthatthesecrocodiletearsoccurbecauseacrocodilianhisses（发出嘶嘶声）whileitcats,andthishissingforcesairthroughthespacesinthebonebehindthenoseandouttheeye,intheprocesspickingupnasolacrimalsecretions”研究人员发现这些鳄鱼的眼泪是因为它们在进食时发出的嘶嘶声，这种声音迫使空气通过鼻子背后的空间从眼睛出来，在这个过程中带出了鼻内管分泌物，可知，作者通过对“crocodiletears”这一词条的来源、发展以及相关实验来告诉读者有关“crocodiletears”的真实含义。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Formanyparents,raisingateenagerislikefightingalongwar,butyearsgobywithoutanyclearwinner.Likeaborderconflictbetweenneighboringcountries,theparent-teenwarisaboutboundaries:

WhereisthelinebetweenwhatIcontrolandwhatyoudo?

   Bothsideswantpeace,butneitherfeelsithasanypowertostoptheconflict.Inpart,thisisbecauseneitheriswillingtoadmitanyresponsibilityforstartingit.Fromtheparents'pointofview,theonlycauseoftheirfightistheiradolescents'completeunreasonableness.Andofcourse,theteensseeitinexactlythesameway,exceptoppositely.Bothfeeltrapped.

   Inthisarticle,I'lldescribethreeno-winsituationsthatcommonlyarisebetweenteensandparentsandthensuggestsomewaysoutofthetrap.Thefirstno-winsituationisquarrelonunimportantthings.Examplesincludethecoloroftheteen'shair,thecleannessofthebedroom,thepreferredstyleofclothing,thechild'sfailuretoeatagoodbreakfastbeforeschool,orhistendencytosleepuntilnoonontheweekends.Second,blaming.Thegoalofablamingbattleistomaketheotheradmitthathisbadattitudeisthereasonwhyeverythinggoeswrong.Third,needingtoberight.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatthetopicis—politics,thelawsofphysics,ortheproperwaytobreakanegg—thepointoftheseargumentsistoprovethatyouarerightandtheotherpersoniswrong,forbothwishtobeconsideredanauthority—someonewhoactuallyknowssomething—andthereforetocommandrespect.Unfortunately,aslongasparentsandteenscontinuetoassumethattheyknowmorethantheother,they'llcontinuetofightthesebattlesforeverandnevermakeanyrealprogress.

（1）Whydoestheauthorcomparetheparentteenwartoaborderconflict?

A. Bothcancontinueforgenerations.                

B. Bothareaboutwheretodrawtheline.

C. Neitherhasanyclearwinner.                          

D. Neithercanbeputtoanend.

（2）WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?

A.Theteensblametheirparentsforstartingtheconflict.

B.Theteensagreewiththeirparentsonthecauseoftheconflict.

C.Theteensaccusetheirparentsofmisleadingthem.

D.Theteenstendtohaveafullunderstandingoftheirparents.

（3）Parentsandteenswanttoberightbecausetheywantto__________.

A.giveorderstotheother

B.knowmorethantheother

C.gainrespectfromtheother

D.gettheothertobehaveproperly

（4）Whatwilltheauthormostprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?

A.Causesfortheparent-teenconflicts

B.Examplesoftheparent-teenwar

C.Solutionstotheparent-teenproblems

D.Futureoftheparent-teenrelationship

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，对于父母来说，抚养一个十几岁的孩子就像是打一场持久战，但是是一场没有赢家的持久战。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Likeaborderconflictbetweenneighboringcountries,theparent-teenwarisaboutboundaries:

WhereisthelinebetweenwhatIcontrolandwhatyoudo?

”可知和邻国之间的边界纷争一样，两代人之间的战争是关于界限的：

我所能控制的和你所做的之间的界限。

选B。

（2）考查句义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Fromtheparents'pointofview,theonlycauseoftheirfightistheiradolescents'completeunreasonableness.”可知，从父母的观点来看，他们之间斗争的唯一原因就是他们的青春期的孩子的完全不讲道理。

划线句子意为:

青少年也正好是同样的方式看待的，只是正好相反的，也就是在孩子们看来，斗争的原因完全是他们的父母蛮不讲理。

选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Third,needingtoberight,Itdoesn'tmatterwhatthetopicis–politics.Thelawsofphysics,ortheproperwaytobreakanegg–thepointoftheseargumentsistoprovethatyouarerightandtheotherpersoniswrong,forbothwishtobeconsideredanauthority—someonewhoactuallyknowssomething—and thereforetocommandrespect”可知，他们争论的话题是什么不重要，重要的是他们要证明自己是对的，而对方是不对的，从而赢得尊重。

选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据由最后一段中的“Inthisarticle,I'lldescribethreeno-winsituationsthatcommonlyarisebetweenteensandparentsandthensuggestsomewaysoutofthetrap.”可知，在这篇文章中，作者将描述三种通常会引起青少年和父母之间斗争的情形，然后提出几种解决的方法。

最后一段介绍了三种情形，所以接下来讨论的该是解决的方法了。

选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Parentsdonotowe（欠）theirchildrenacollegeeducation.Iftheycanaffordit,theycancertainlysendthemtoagooduniversity.Buttheyneedn'tfeelguiltyiftheycan't.Whenchildrengrowupandwanttogetmarried,theirparentsdonotowethemanapartment.Theydonothavethedutytolookaftertheirgrandchildren,either.Iftheywanttodoit,itmustbeconsideredafavor,notanobligation.

   Doparentsowetheirchildrenanything?

Yes,theyowethemagreatdeal.

Oneoftheirobligationsistogivetheirchildrenapersonalworth.Childrenwhoarealwaysmadetofeelstupidandunworthy,constantlycomparedwithbrighterbrothers,sisters,orcousinswillbecomesounsure,soafraidoffailingthattheywon'ttryatall.Ofcoursetheyshouldbeproperlycorrectedwhentheydowrong,butit'softenbettertoletchildrenlearntheirmistakesbythemselvesintime.Alltheirparentsshoulddoistotrustthem,respectthem,understandthemandgivethemchancestotryandfail.Theymustlearntostandfailure.Whencriticisms（批评）arereallyneeded,theyshouldbebalancedwithasmileandakiss.Thatisthewaychildrenlearn.

   Parentsowetheirchildrenasetofsolidvaluesaroundwhichtobuildtheirlives.Thismeansteachingthemtorespecttherightsandopinionsofothers;itmeansbeingrespectfultoelders,toteachers,andtothelaw.Thebestwaytoteachsuchvaluesisbydeed.Achildwhoisliedtowilllie.Achildwhoseesnolaughterandnoloveinthehomewillhavedifficultylaughingandloving.

Nochildaskstobeborn.Ifyoubringalifeintotheworld,youowethechildsomething.

（1）Theauthorthinksparents________.

A.shouldsendtheirchildrentocollege

B.shouldsupporttheirchildrenafterthey