新视野第一册9单元Word文档格式.docx
《新视野第一册9单元Word文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《新视野第一册9单元Word文档格式.docx(6页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
Willwechoosetofillourdayswithactswhicharebeautiful,true,honest,just,pure,goodandworthyofhonour?
For,howweimagethisnewcenturyismostcertainlyachoice.Wewillcreateourfuturebasedonwhatwedotoday.“Lookwellthereforetothisday,”asthefamousSanskritpoemadvises.
1.YourFuture
Thefuturedoesnotdetermineitself.Theactionsofthepresentdeterminethefuture.
EdwardCornish,editorof"
TheFuturist"
magazinepublishedbytheWorldFutureSociety,says:
"
Theresponsibilitywehaveforthefuturebeginswhenwerecognisethatweourselvescreatethefuture--thatthefutureisnotsomethingimposeduponusbyfateorotherforcesbeyondourcontrol.Weourselvesbuildthefutureboththroughwhatwedoandwhatwedonotdo."
2.YourBrain
Yourbrainwavesmaybecheckedtoseewhetheryouarebusy,tiredordoingyourworkproperly.
PsychologistArthurF.Kramertestedvolunteersworkingonarithmeticproblems.Hecouldpredicttheirperformancefromthestrengthofthebrain'
selectricalactivitymeasuredthroughthehead.
Thefuture?
Bossescouldmeasurebrainactivitytolearnworkerquality.Frequentcomputeranalysescouldtellwhetherworkers,likeairtrafficcontrollers,areseeingallactivityclearlyenoughtomonitoritproperly.
3.YourDoctor
Moreandmore,doctorswillusevisualinformationaboutyourconditionfromcomputers,insteadoftextbooks,fordiagnosisandtreatment.
Homecomputerswillenableyoutoanswerinteractivequestionsaboutyourhealthandshowthealternativeresultsshouldyouactinacertainway.
4.YourCar
Carswillbealmostentirelycontrolledbycomputers.
Topayforcosts,carswillbebilledforusinghigh-speedtollroads.Computerswillrecordthepassageofthecarandautomaticallytakethemoneyfromtheowner'
scomputerbankaccount.
Computerswillshowdriversmapsofdistrictsthecariscrossingonasmallscreeninthecar.
Computerswilldiagnoseanyproblemswiththeengine.Computerconnectionswilllistthenearestplacesofrepair,tellthecostofnewpartsandtheplacewheretheycanbebought.
5.TheComputer-Home
MorethanhalfofthehomecomputerssoldintheUnitedStatesinrecentyearswillbecomeessentialtohomelifeintheWest.Futuretaskscomputersalreadydoathomeinclude:
Computersturnonthelights,heatingandessentialhouseholdservicesbeforepeoplearrivehomefromwork.Computerscontrolcooking,hotwater,security.
Computersenablehomeworkassignmentstobedonewithworldwideresources,usingsiteslikemuseumsandsciencefacilitiesaroundtheworld.Homeworkhelpcancomeequallyfromthelocallibrary,orlibrariesanddatabasesinplacesasfarapartasNewYorkandLondon,orfromteachersandfellowstudentsaroundtheglobe.
ManyshoppersordergroceriesathomethroughInternetsuppliersandhavepurchasesdelivered.
6.TheWorkplace
Thechangingfaceofworkandthework-placeisoneofthemostwidespreadinfluencesinWesternsociety.
Womennowformmorethanhalftheworkers;
thepercentageisrisingastheystartupsmallbusinessesoftheirown,oftenworkingfromhome.
Peoplearechangingcareersonaverageeverytenyearsnow,insteadofstayinginajobforlife.
Increasesininformationandknowledge-basedbusinessesarereducinglevelsofmiddlemanagement.Topmanagersgetalltheinformationneededtoworktogetherwithfront-linestaff.
Specialistsarebecomingmoreimportantthangeneralworkers.
7.TheEnvironment
Protectionoftheenvironmentusedtobetheconcernofspecialgroups.Nowgovernmentsandbusinessesrealisebadairandwaterpollutionaffecteveryone,makingitdifficultforcitiestosurviveandforbusinessestomakeaprofit.
London,England'
sbiggestcity,oftensuffersfromairpollutionwhichcausesmorethan1,000deathsayear.Especiallytheveryyoung,theelderlyandcigarettesmokersareathighrisk.
ManyEuropeancountriesandtheUnitedStatescheckvehiclesforgasandsmokeemissionstomakesurethelevelsarebelowthepermittedoutput.Forexample,Germanyhas600sitesthatmonitorcarbonmonoxide.
8.YourHealth
Physicalfitnessandhealthylifestyleshavechangedfromfashionandhobbyforafewtoofficialpolicyformanybusinessesandgovernments.
Smokingcigarettesisundersiegeasahabit.Smokingadvertisingisbannedinmanyareas.
Althoughpillsfortension,heartconditions,weightandotherlife-threateningconditionsareprescribedbyWesterndoctors,mostnowrequirepatientstodevelophealthylifestylesbychangingdietsandexercisingmoretokeepwell.
Words:
700
(Trendsforthe21stCentury)
Whatproblemswillourworldencounterinthenext1000years?
Socialscientistsandeconomists,farmingexpertsandenvironmentalistsposethisquestionandexaminedata,informationfromsurveys.
Ineveryfield,expertsexaminechangestounderstandthestateofthefield.Tounderstandacountry'
seconomy,economistscheckgrowthinanindustrysuchassteel.Tounderstandthestateofbusiness,theymaylookatthenumberofbuildingpermitsfornewhouses.Theinformationlearnedshowsincreasesordecreases.Importanttrendsemergeineachfield.
Population
PopulationisimportanttoeverypersononEarth.Peopletendtolivelongerinmostplaces.InCentralEurope,however,lifespanisdroppingbecausehealthcareisnotwhatitwasafewyearsago.Factorsaffectinggeneralhealthincludeexcessivesmokinganddrinkingofalcoholandpollutedwatersupplies.
Thepopulationexplosiononourplanethasbeenincreasingatanalarmingratebutthepercentageofincreaseisdecreasing.OneoutofeveryfivepeopleonEarthisChinese,yetChina'
sgrowthratehasslowed.Asthenumberofwomengoingtoschoolincreases,thegrowthratedeclines.
FoodProduction;
[
Theproductionofgrainseemstobedecreasingmainlybecauseofclimatechanges.Naturaldisasterslikestormsandfloodshavewashedawaymanycrops.
Withlesslandforcattleandsheep,lessmeatlikebeefandlambisbeingproduced.Productionofchicken,turkeyandfishhasincreased,however.Theamountofoceanfishhasnotincreased,butfishfarmproductionhas.
Fishfarmingisveryefficient:
producingakilogramoffishutilizeslessthan2kilogramsoffeed,butittakes2.2kilogramsoffeedtoproduce1kilogramofchicken.Onekilogramofbeefrequires7kilogramsofgrain.People,therefore,mayeatlessredmeatinthefutureandmorefish.
Energy
Usingfossilfuelsforenergyhasnotalteredverymuchbutwindenergyuseisincreasingsignificantly.Denmark,Germany,theNetherlands,Britain,andAmericahavelargewindpowerprojects.China,India,Mexico,NewZealand,andtheUkrainearealsodevelopingwindpower.
Energyfromnuclearpowerplantsissteadilyincreasingbuttheproblemofdangerouswastelimitsgrowthinmanyregions.Becausemanyelectricalcompaniesconsidernuclearenergytooexpensive,thetrendistowardlessdangeroussourcesofenergy.
Whilenaturalgasuseincreases,useofcoalasfuelisdecreasing.Naturalgas,anoutstandingenergyfuel,canbeusedtoheathomes,makeelectricity,andpowercars.
Economics
Ascountriesaroundtheworldtrademorewithoneanother,moreproductsareavailable.Butthefastdevelopmentofworldeconomywillbringaboutmanynewproblems.Withfewertrees,thepaperindustryisproducingmorepaperfromrecycledmaterialsbut,unfortunately,damagestheplanet.Thepaper-makingprocessuseslargeamountsofwater,burnsfossilfuelsandproducesmuchchemicalwaste.
Automobileproductionisdown;
bicycleproductionisup.Crowdedhighways,highgasolinecosts,andeaseofbicyclingarethreereasonsforthischange.
Health
Threemajorhealthtrendsexistaswebeginthenewcentury.Healthcareisbetterthanever.Medicalresearchbreakthroughsincludefindingtumorsearly,andsavinglivesthroughCATscansandsurgery.Survivingcancerisanewtrend.HIV/AIDS,however,isspreadingquicklyallovertheworld.
Thethirdmajortrendistowardanattitudeofindifference.Peopleseemtohaveforgottenwaystokeepdiseasesundercontrol.Althoughmedicalsciencehadachievedcontroloverseveraldangerousdiseases,somearereturning.Forinstance,tuberculosis,onceadangerouskiller,wascured.Nowthediseaseisappearingagain.
Nature
Pollutioncontinuestoaffectourforestsandwater.Thebirdpopulationisdecreasingbecauseofoilspillsandspreadingcities.Seasandoceansarechanging.Treesarecutdown,moresoilwashesaway,andwaterqualityisaffected.Manyofthesetreesareinourrainforestswherethickareasofplantsandtrees,homeformanybirdsandanimals,aredisappearing.
Conclusion
Ourchallengesforthisnewcenturyareclear.Theproblemsofnumerousinhabitantsonthissmallplanetwillcontinuetobeimportanttoeachofus.Thesechallengesshowthatallofusneedtobeinvolvedinsolvingtheproblems.Maywefindnewwaystoaccomplishthetask.
696
AmericansinthefuturewillprobablynotliveasAmericansdotoday.Fusion(核聚变)powerwillbecapableofproducingenergywithoutlimitswhilesavingnaturalresources.Peopl