第一部分 必修五 Unit 4.docx
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第一部分必修五Unit4
阅读词汇
请匹配下列单词与其词义
1.journalist A.n.业余爱好者
2.AssignmentB.n.记者;新闻工作者
3.submitC.n.任务;分配
4.ColleagueD.vt.递交;呈递(文件等)
5.amateurE.n.同事
6.updateF.n.罪行;犯罪
7.sceptical(skeptical)G.adv.技术上;工艺上
8.dilemmaH.vt.更新;使现代化
9.crimeI.n.(进退两难的)困境;窘境
10.technicallyJ.adj.怀疑的
答案 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.E 5.A 6.H 7.J 8.I 9.F 10.G
高频词汇
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1.polishthefurniture把家具擦亮
2.assesshistoricalfigures评价历史人物
3.demandaclearanswer要求明确的答复
4.publishpracticalreferencebooks出版实用的参考书
5.acquiremorefirsthandinformation取得更多的第一手资料
6.informyoungpeopleaboutthedangersofdrugs告知年轻人毒品的危险
7.thechiefofthevillage村长
8.beeagerforsuccess渴望成功
9.beaccusedoffavouritism被指责偏袒
10.amanofunusualtalent一个天赋独特的男人
11.setfiretothehousedeliberately蓄意放火烧这幢房子
12.giveanaccurateaccountoftheaccident对事故做准确的描述
拓展词汇
请填入括号内单词的正确形式
1.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessional(profession)writerandpublisher.(2018·浙江6月卷)
2.Ifastrangefamilyshoweduponherfrontdoorstep,Momwouldhavebeendelighted(delight).(2017·浙江11月卷)
3.Youshouldphonehissecretaryifyouwanttomakeanappointment(appoint).
4.Thetruthisthatthecommitteegaveitsapproval(approve)totheplanafterasecondthought.
5.Wewenttothegallerylastweekendandalltheartistsareveryadmirable(admire).
6.Themanwasclever,amusingandgifted(gift)withasharpbusinessbrain.
7.Tomisanassistantteacherinthecollege.Heoftenassiststhestudentswiththeirproblemsandgivesassistancetoanystudentinneed.(assist)
8.Inclass,thenaughtyboyhaslittlepowerofconcentration.Butwhenheplayscomputergames,hecan’tbemoreconcentrated.(concentrate)
必会短语
请根据汉语提示完成下列词块
1.ahead__ofschedule提前
2.so__as__topreventcheating以防作弊
3.depend__ontheirsupport依靠他们的支持
4.concentrate__onwhatI’msaying集中注意力听我讲
5.look__forward__toyourvisit盼望你的光临
6.have__a__good__nose__fornews对新闻很敏感
7.keepyouradvicein__mind把你的劝告记在心里
8.accusehimofbeingaspy指控他是个间谍
9.informusofyourdecision通知我们你的决定
10.passthedictionaryon__toMary把这本词典传给玛丽
必仿佳句
1.[原句]NeverwillZhouYang(ZY)forgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper.
2.[原句]Hisdiscussionwithhisnewboss,HuXin(HX),wastostronglyinfluencehislifeasajournalist.
3.[原句]Onlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyouacquirealltheinformationyouneedtoknow.
4.[原句]Haveyoueverhadacasewheresomeoneaccusedyourjournalistsofgettingthewrongendofthestick?
1.[仿写]他们将永不放弃再次尝试的勇气。
Never__will__they__give__up__the__couragetohaveanothertry.
2.[仿写]因为你既聪明又勤奋,你一定会成功的。
You__are__to__succeedbecauseyouarewiseandhardworking.
3.[仿写]学生只有得到老师的许可后才能离开教室。
Onlyifateacherhasgivenpermissionis__a__student__allowed__to__leave__the__classroom.
4.[仿写]今天,我们将讨论一下许多英语的初学者不能正确使用语言的情况。
Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcaseswhere__beginners__of__English__fail__to__use__the__language__properly.
1.assistvt.帮助;协助;援助
(1)assistsbtodosth 帮助某人做某事
assistsbwithsth帮助某人某事
assistsbin(doing)sth帮助某人(做)某事
(2)assistancen.帮助;协助
assistantadj.辅助的;助理的
n.助手;售货员
单句语法填空/词汇升级
①Notonlydidheassistmewith/inthesettlementproblem,butalsoshowedmearoundthecity.
②Whenintrouble,hisfriendsalwayscometohisassistance(assist).
③Wewillhavehandyrobotstohelpus(to)dealwiththethingsthatareboring.
→Wewillhavehandyrobotstoassist__us__to__deal__with/in__dealing__withtheboringthings.
[佳句背诵]Doyouoftenassistyourmotherwiththehousework?
你常常帮助妈妈做家务吗?
2.acquirevt.(经过一个过程或通过努力)得到;获得;学到;购得
(1)acquireaknowledgeof 学到……知识
acquireahabitof养成……习惯
(2)acquiredadj.已获得的
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Shehasacquiredahabitofusingcolorfulwords.
②Emilyistryingtoputthe__knowledge__that/which__she__acquired(她学到的知识)atschooltouseinherwork.
[佳句背诵]WemustworkhardtoacquireagoodknowledgeofEnglish.
我们必须用功学习才能精通英语。
3.informvt.告知;通知;了解;熟悉
(1)informsbof/aboutsth 通知/报告某人某事
keepsbinformedof/about...使某人随时了解……
informsbthat...通知某人……
(2)informationn.[U]信息;资料
单句语法填空/句型转换
①Thisnewinformation(inform)doesthrowdoubtontheirchoice.
②Theywillinformhimofanyprogresstheyhavemade.
→Theywillkeep__him__informed__ofanyprogresstheyhavemade.
③Heinformedthecompanyoftheship’ssafearrival.
→Heinformedthecompanythatthe__ship__had__arrived__safely.
[佳句背诵]Newspaperskeepusinformedofwhathashappenedduringtheday.
报纸使我们及时了解一天来所发生的事情。
[名师指津]“v.+sb+of”短语小结:
①robsbofsth 抢劫某人某物
②remindsbofsth提醒某人某事
③convincesbofsth使某人信服某事
④accusesbofsth指控某人某事
⑤warnsbofsth警告某人某事
⑥ridsbofsth使某人摆脱某物
4.accusevt.指责;谴责;控告
(1)accusesbof(doing)sth指责/控告某人(做)某事
accusesbas指控某人为……
(2)theaccused被告
单句语法填空/句式升级
①Theaccused(accuse)wasfoundinnocentintheend.
②Becausemyfatherwasaccusedofneglectingoureducation,hesentmybrotherandmetoasummerschool.
→Accused__of__neglecting__our__education,__myfathersentmybrotherandmetoasummerschool.(过去分词作状语)
[佳句背诵]Hewaschargedwithcheatingintheexamination.
→Hewasaccusedofcheatingintheexamination.
他被指控考试作弊。
[名师指津]charge意为“指控,控告”,多与介词with搭配。
5.casen.情况;病例;案例
incase 假使;以防万一
incaseof...假如发生;万一发生
innocase决不(置于句首句子采用部分倒装)
inthis/thatcase假使这样/那样的话
asisoftenthecase这是常有的事
单句语法填空/完成句子
①IcanthinkofmanycaseswherestudentsknewquiteafewEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.
②In__case__of__fire(万一发生火灾),walkquicklytothenearestdoor.
[佳句背诵]Asisoftenthecase,somethingcheapdoesn’tnecessarilymeanit’soflowquality.
情况通常是这样,便宜的东西并不一定意味着其质量就差。
[名师指津]case意为“情况,情形”时,若为定语从句先行词且从句中缺少状语时,定语从句的引导词多为where。
类似的还有:
point,situation,stage,position,scene等。
6.approvev.赞成;认可;批准
(1)approvesth 通过、批准某事
approveofsth/sb赞同、赞成某事/某人
approveofone’sdoingsth允许某人做某事
(2)approvaln.批准,认可,同意,赞同
giveone’sapprovaltosth某人批准……
单句语法填空/句型转换
①DoeswhatIhavedonemeetwithyourapproval(approve)?
②Iwillappreciateitifmyapplicationcouldgetyourapproval.
→Iwillappreciateitifyouapprove__(of)__my__application.(approve)
[佳句背诵]Iapproveofyourtryingtoearnsomemoney,butpleasedon’tneglectyourstudies.
我同意你去挣些钱,可是不要耽误功课。
[名师指津]approve作“认可,批准”讲时,为及物动词,作“赞成,赞同”讲时,为不及物动词。
7.demandvt.强烈要求;需要n.要求,需求
(1)demand(ofsb)todo... 要求(某人)做……
(sth)demanddoing/tobedone……需要做
demandthat...(should)do...要求……
(2)ingreatdemand迫切需要
meet/satisfyone’sdemands满足某人的需求
(3)demandingadj.高要求的;要求严格的,苛求的
单句语法填空/句式升级
①First,sciencegraduatesareingreaterdemandthanartonesinChina.
②Mycardemandsrepairing/to__be__repaired(repair),soIhavetogotoworkbybus.
③OurteacherdemandedofallofustopracticespeakingEnglisheveryday.
→Ourteacherdemandedthat__all__of__us__(should)__practicespeakingEnglisheveryday.
[佳句背诵]It’simpossibletomeet/satisfyeveryone’sdemands.
满足每个人的需求是不可能的。
[名师指津]demand的主语是物时,常用demanddoing或demandtobedone结构。
类似用法的词还有require,want,need,deserve。
8.eageradj.渴望的;热切的
(1)beeagertodo... 渴望或急欲做……
beeagerfor/about...渴望……
(2)eagerlyadv.急切地;渴望地;热心地
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Iamnotsoeagerto__get(get)anewcarnow,thepriceshavegoneup.
②Iam__eager__for__the__performance__to__begin(热切地等待演出开始).
[佳句背诵]It’shumanthateveryoneiseagerforsuccess.
人人都渴望成功,这是人之常情。
[名师指津]表示渴望做某事的短语有:
bedyingtodosth,longtodosth,bekeentodosth,bethirstytodosth等。
9.concentrateon集中;全神贯注于
(1)concentrateon(doing)sth专心(做)某事
concentrateone’sattention/efforts/thoughtson...把某人的注意力/努力/思想集中到……
beconcentratedonsth专心于某事
(2)concentrationn.集中;专心
单句语法填空/句式升级
①Speakingonthephonerequiresconcentration(concentrate)andtakesadriver’sattentionfromtheroad.
②Heconcentratedhismindonhisworkanddidn’tnoticemyappearance.
→With__his__mind__concentrated__on__his__work,__hedidn’tnoticemyappearance.(with复合结构)
→His__mind__concentrated__on__his__work,__hedidn’tnoticemyappearance.(独立主格结构)
[佳句背诵]Shehasturneddownseveralinvitationstostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.
为了集中精力学习,她几次拒绝了担任演出主角的邀请。
[名师指津]“集中精力于;专心于”的常用短语还有:
①beabsorbedin ②fix/focusone’sattentionon
③applyoneselfto/beappliedto
④devoteoneselfto/bedevotedto
⑤putone’sheartinto⑥beburiedin/buryoneselfin
⑦belostin/loseoneselfin
10.dependon依靠;依赖
dependon/uponsbdoing/todosth依靠某人做某事
dependon/uponsbforsth依靠某人供给某物
dependon/uponitthat...指望;对……深信不疑
单句语法填空/句型转换
①Childrendependontheirparentsforfoodandclothing.
②Youcandependonhimtohelpyou.
→Youcandependonhim/his__helping__you.
→Youcandepend__on__it__that__he__will__help__you.
[佳句背诵]YoucandependonitthatI’llpayyourmoneybackonFriday.
你尽管放心,我星期五就把钱还给你。
[名师指津]
(1)与dependon意义相同的短语还有:
relyon,counton。
(2)因为介词后不能直接跟that引导的宾语从句,故dependon/upon后跟that从句时,先在介词后接形式宾语it,再跟that从句,即dependon/uponitthat...。
11.soastodo...为了做……
soastodo...相当于inordertodo...,在句中作目的状语。
但soasto不可放在句首,而inorderto可以放在句首。
完成句子/句型转换
①Tomkeptquietabouttheaccidentin__order__not__to/so__as__not__to__lose__his__job(为了不丢掉他的工作).
②Theysetoutearlyinorderto/soastocatchthefirstbus.
→Theysetoutearlyin__order__that/so__that__they__could__catch__the__first__bus.
[佳句背诵]Inordertopassthedrivingtest,hepractisedevenharderthanever.
为了通过驾驶考试,他练习更加刻苦了。
[名师指津]只有当不定式的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致时,才能用inorderto或soasto引导目的状语,否则,改用sothat或inorderthat引导目的状语从句。
12.Hisdiscussionwithhisnewboss,HuXin(HX),was__to__strongly__influence__his__lifeasajournalist.
他同新上司胡欣的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。
“beto+动词原形”的常见用法:
(1)表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。
(2)语气上接近于should,must,oughtto,haveto,表示命令、吩咐或禁止的语气。
(3)表示不可避免将要发生或以后注定要发生的事情。
(4)用于条件从句,意为“如果想……,设想”。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Thebooksinthisroomarenottobe