英语听力速记符号总结Word下载.docx
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1.表示“不同”概念:
bedifferentfrom,etc.
2.表示“无敌”概念:
matchless,peerless,etc.
~
表示“大约”概念:
about/around,orso,approximately,etc.
/
表示“否定”,“消除”等概念:
crossout,eliminate,etc.
APT
apartment
ACC
accountant
ACDG
according
ACPT
accept
AD
advertisement
ADS
address
ADV
advise
AMAP
as
much
as
possible
AMT
amount
APV
approve
ASAP
soon
BAL
balancce
BLDG
building
CERT
certificate
CFM
conform
CNCL
cancel
CNF
conference
CMI
commission
CMPL
complete
CMPE
compete
CMU
communication
CONC
concern
COND
condition
CO.
company
DEPT
department
DISC
discount
DPT
departure
EXCH
exchange
EXPLN
explain
EXT
extent
一、缩略词(缩略词的写法一般为四种方式)
拿掉所有元音
MKT
market
MGR
manager
MSG
message
STD
standard
RCV
receive
保留前几个字母
INFO
information
INS
insurance
exchange
IOU
Ioweyou
I/O
Insteadof
保留开头和结尾个发音字母
WK
week
RM
room
PL
people
根据发音
R
are
THO
though
THRUthrough
高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表
缩略词
原词
Apartment
Accountant
According
Accept
Advertisement
Address
Advice
Asmuch/manyaspossible
Amount
Approve
Assoonaspossible
Balance
Building
Certificate
Conform
Cancel
Conference
Commission
CMP
Complete
Compete/competitive
Communication
Concern/concerning/concerned
Condition
Company
Department
Discount
Departure
Exchange
Explain
Extent
FLT
Flight
FNL
Final
FRT
Freight
FYR
Foryourreference
GD
Good
GUAR
Guarantee
H.O.
Homeoffice
Information
IMPS
Impossible
IMP(T)Important
INCD
Include
INDIV
Individual
Insurance
INTST
Interested
Insteadof
Ioweyou
IVO
Inviewof
MANUF
Manufacture
MDL
Model
MEMO
Memorandum
Manger
MIN
Minimum
Market
Message
NCRY
Necessary
NLT
Nolaterthan
OBS
Observe
OBT
Obtain
ORD
Ordinary
PAT
Patent
PC
Piece
PKG
Packing
People
PLS
Please
POSN
Position
POSS(BL)Possible
PROD
Product
QLTY
Quality
Ⅰ箭头
→exportto,sendto,cause(导致),arrivein/at
Eg.:
我今天下午到达北京I→BJat6:
00pmd.
←import,receive(from),comeback(from)
↑increase,risedevelop,promote,grow,expand
thiscompanykeepexpanding(↑)
↓decrease,decline,bomb(爆炸)
,drop
Ⅱ数学用符号
+plus,and,inadditionto,furthermore(而且,此外,更近一步说)
therearefivestudentsplustenteachersattending(旁听)
5stus+10tea
-minus,lack
wrong,incorrect,bad
>morethan,greater,moreandmore,superiorto
<lessthan,smaller,fewer,inferiorto
≥morethanorequalto
≤lessthanorequalto
≠benotmatchfor…
jack≠Brandyjack不是
Brandy的对手
≈around,almost
这辆自行车大约要花500美元才能买下自行车≈$500
∵becauseof,owingto,dueto,thanksto
∴so,therefore
Ⅲ其它
。
peopleorperson
中国人和美国人中°
&US°
⊙meeting,conference,negotiation(谈判)
□
state,country
Eg.:
2个国家2□
&and
△
standfor,onbehalfof
我代表你I△U
︰say,speak,tell,think.
我想说我爱你I想︰I
U
?
question,doubt,confusion.
我有个问题想问你。
Ihave?
︰askU
•1)opinion,ideas.
就这个问题,我想说几点。
I想︰几•
2)Eg.:
我去年来北京了。
I来BJ•y
注:
年year(y)月month(m)日day(d)
去年•y明年
y•前年︰y后年y︰
!
drawattention
信件结尾所用之bestwishes→U!
()including
有5个人参加了这次会议,包括我。
Five。
→⊙(me)
e.g.
forexample<
lessthan
≤
nomorethan
morethan
≥
nolessthan
≈
approximately
=
equalto
≠
notequalto
*
important
**
veryimportant
wrong,bad
√
right,good
↑
increase
↓
decrease
+
better
-
worse
∵
because
∴
so
←
reason
→
result
?
question
!
keypoint
∈
belongto
&
and
缩写:
cont.
forcontinued
ed
education
Prof.
professer
ch
child
curr
curriculum
chem
chemistry
hist
history
c/room
classroom
geog
geography
Lng
learning
bk
book
prob
probably
ex
exercise
with
w/
18thcentury
18c
大于>
小于<
小于或等于≤
大于或等于≥
等于、意味着=
不等于≠
约等于≈
遗憾、悲哀;
高兴、荣兴(
错误、否、不、否定×
正确、对、好、肯定√
不同意N
同意Y
上升、增加↑
下降、减少↓
强、好+
更强、更好++
弱、差-
更弱、更差 ――
因为 ∵
所以∴
优秀★
属于∈
胜利V
问题、疑问?
和、与&
结论是=>
将来;
过去<
促进、发展↗
原因←
导致、结果→
对立、冲突>
波折<<
会议、会面⊙
进入∩
接触、交往∞
分歧⊥
非常、十分重要**
坚持≡
关键!
奇观!
有关@
替换为∽
但是‖
与……比较而言∥
空洞○
代表△
1.Note-takingsymbolsandabbreviationsforyourreference:
备战考试,快乐学习:
2010年口译备考小组等你来参加>
AbbreviationsinNotetaking
Useonlytheabbreviationsthatfityourneedsandthatyouwillremembereasily.Agoodideaistointroduceonlyafewabbreviationsintoyournotetakingatatime.
Symbolshelpfulinmath--thesearecommonlyusedintextsandreferences.
S=sum
f=frequency
Leaveoutperiodsinstandardabbreviations.
cf=compare
e.g.=example
dept=department
Useonlythefirstsyllableofaword.
pol=politics
dem=democracy
lib=liberal
cap=capitalism
Useentirefirstsyllableandonly1stletterof2ndsyllable.
pres=presentation
subj=subject
ind=individual
cons=conservative
Eliminatefinalletters.Usejustenoughofthewordtoformarecognizableabbreviation.
assoc=associate
biol=biology
info=information
ach=achievement
chem=chemistry
max=maximum
intro=introduction
conc=concentration
min=minimum
rep=repetition
Omitvowels,retainonlyenoughconsonantstogivearecognizableskeletonoftheword.
ppd=prepared
prblm=problem
estmt=estimate
bkgd=background
gvt=government
Useanapostropheinplaceofletters.
am'
t=amount
cont'
d=continued
gov'
t=government
educat'
l=educational
Formthepluralofasymbolorabbreviatedwordbyaddings.
chpts=chapters
egs=examples
fs=frequencies
intros=introductions
Usegtorepresentingendings.
ckg=checking
estg=establishing
decrg=decreasing
exptg=experimenting
Spelloutshortwordssuchasin,at,to,but,for,andkey.
Abbreviationsorsymbolsforshortwordswillmakethenotestoodensewithshorthand.
Leaveoutunimportantwords.
Leaveoutthewordsaandthe.
Ifaterm,phrase,ornameiswrittenoutinfullduringthelecture,substituteinitialswhenevertheterm,phrase,ornameisusedagain.Forexample,CenterforAerospaceSciencesbecomesCASthereafter.
Usesymbolsforcommonlyrecurringconnectiveortransitionalwords.
=and
w/=with
w/o=without
vs=against
\=therefore
==isorequal
Usetechnicalsymbolswhereapplicable.
zb=German,forexample
ibid=Latin,thesamework
o=degrees
H2O=water
Morereference:
Usestandardmaths,accounting,andsciencesymbols.Examples:
+plus
//parallel
Usestandardabbreviationsandleaveoutfullstops.Examples:
egexample
ITdeptInformationTechnologydepartment
UKUnitedKingdom
Useonlythefirstsyllableofaword.Examples:
marmarketing
cuscustomer
cliclient
Usetheentirefirstsyllableandthefirstletterofthesecondsyllable.Examples:
subjsubject
budgbudget
indindividual
Todistinguishamongvariousformsofthesameword,usethefirstsyllableoftheword,anapostrophe,andtheendingoftheword.Examples:
tech'
gytechnology
gen'
iongeneralisation
del'
ydelivery
Usejustenoughofthebeginningofawordtoformarecognisableabbreviation.Examples:
assocassociated
achachievement
infoinformation
Omitvowelsfromthemiddleofwords,retainingonlyenoughconsonantstoprovidearecognisableskeletonoftheword.Examples:
bkgdbackground