大学英语四级共18页文档Word下载.docx

大学英语四级共18页文档Word下载.docx

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杨士勋（唐初学者，四门博士）《春秋谷梁传疏》曰：

“师者教人以不及，故谓师为师资也”。

这儿的“师资”，其实就是先秦而后历代对教师的别称之一。

《韩非子》也有云：

“今有不才之子……师长教之弗为变”其“师长”当然也指教师。

这儿的“师资”和“师长”可称为“教师”概念的雏形，但仍说不上是名副其实的“教师”，因为“教师”必须要有明确的传授知识的对象和本身明确的职责。

SectionA

死记硬背是一种传统的教学方式,在我国有悠久的历史。

但随着素质教育的开展,死记硬背被作为一种僵化的、阻碍学生能力发展的教学方式,渐渐为人们所摒弃;

而另一方面,老师们又为提高学生的语文素养煞费苦心。

其实,只要应用得当,“死记硬背”与提高学生素质并不矛盾。

相反,它恰是提高学生语文水平的重要前提和基础。

Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversation.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwiltbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.anddecidewhichisthebestanswerThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Example:

Youwillhear:

Youwillread:

A）Attheeoffice.

B）Inthewaitingroom.

C）Attheairport.

D）Inarestaurant.

Fromtileconversationweknowthatthetwoweretalkingaboutsomeworktheyhadtofinishintheevening.Thisconversationismostlikelytohavetakenplaceattheoffice.Therefore,A）“Attheoffice”isthebestanswerYoushouldchoose[A]ontheAnswerSheetandmarkitwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

SampleAnswer[A][B][C][D]

1.A）GiveBobaphonecall.

B）GoandpickBobup.

C）GolookforBob.

D）WaitforBob.（D）

2.A）Sheisworkinginthecity.

B）Lifeinthesuburbsislonely.

C）Jobsareeasiertofindinthecity.

D）It’slessexpensivelivinginthecity.（A）

3.A）Inaprintingshop.

B）Atapublishinghouse.

C）Atabookstore.

D）Inalibrary.（C）

4.A）Thewomanbemorecarefulnexttime.

B）Theytrytothinkofasolution.

C）Thewomanfindasparekey.

D）Theycomedownstairs.（B）

5.A）Sendingane-mail.

B）Workinginanoffice.

C）Talkingonthephone.

D）Doingspellingpractice.（C）

6.A）Buysomethingforthepicnic.

B）Goshoppingwiththeman.

C）Goforaridearoundtown.

D）Haveapicnic.（A）

7.A）Thewomanmisplacedherclasspermitforbiology.

B）Thewomanarrivedforregistrationtooearly.

C）Thewomanmissedregistrationforthebiologycourse.

D）Thewomangotawrongclasspermit.（B）

8.A）ThewomanlikestheweatherinNewYorkverymuch.

B）ThewomanwillstayinNewYorkalongtime.

C）ThemanisplanningtovisitNewYork.

D）It’squitecoldinNewYorknow.（C）

9.A）Theoldladysittingnexttothecouplelikestoysverymuch.

B）Anoldladytookthecouple’ssuitcaseforherown.

C）Thecouple’ssuitcasewasstolenintherestaurant.

D）Themanforgottoputthetoysintheirsuitcase.（B）

10.A）She’sflyingtoHongKong.

B）She’sgoingtobuyanairticket.

C）She’sgoingtosaygood-byetoBill.

D）She’sleavingforHongKongwithBill.（A）

SectionB

Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions11to13arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

11.A）Theyhimonlyretiredworkers.

B）Theyeachdojobstheyaregoodat.

C）Theyclosethehotelduringlowseasons.

D）Theyemployasfewworkersaspossible.（D）

12.A）Stafftraining.

B）Book-keeping.

C）Cleaningandwashingup.

D）Gardeningandflowerarranging.（C）

13.A）Theyhavetheirhotelbeautifullydecorated.

B）Theyprovidedeliciousfood.

C）Theymaketheirguestsfeelathome.

D）Theygivepartiesregularlyfortheirvisitors.（C）

PassageTwo

Questions14to17arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

14.A）Towithdrawhisdeposit.

B）Tocashacheek.

C）Torobthebank.

D）Togethisprize.（D）

15.A）Aradioannouncer

B）Abankemployee.

C）Acarmechanic.

D）Amovieactor.（C）

16.A）Theylethimdowhathewantedto.

B）Theyhelpedhimfindlargebills.

C）Theypressedthealarm.

D）Theycalledthepolice.（A）

17.A）Hewasafraidthatbewouldbecaughtonthespot.

B）Largebillswerenotwithinhisreach.

C）Themaximumsumallowedwas55,000.

D）Hewaslimitedbytimeandthesizeofhispockets.（D）

PassageThree

Questions18to20arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

18.A）ArescuerontheGoldenGateBridge.

B）Aprofessionaldiver.

C）Atelephoneoperator.

D）AguardontheGoldenGateBridge.（A）

19.A）Someonehamfallenoffthebridge.

B）Someoneonthebridgeisbeingattacked.

C）Someoneisthreateningtodestroythebridge.

D）Someoneonthebridgeisattemptingtokillhimself.（D）

20.A）Callthemothertocomefightaway.

B）Trytocommunicatewiththemfirst.

C）Helpthemtogetoutoftheirmisty.

D）Remindthemthattheyhavechildrentotakecareof.（B）

PartIIReadingComprehension（35minutes）

Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelingthroughthecentre.

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Arecentstudy,publishedinlastweek’sJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation,offersapictureofhowriskyitistogetaliftfromateenagedriver,Indeed,a16-year-olddriverwiththreeormorepassengersisthreetimesaslikelytohaveafatalaccidentasateenagerdrivingalone,Bycontrast,theriskofdeathfordriversbetween30and59decreaseswitheachadditionalpassenger.

Theauthorsalsofoundthatthedeathratesforteenagedriversincreaseddramaticallyafter10p.m.,andespeciallyaftermidnight,withpassengersinthecar,thedriverwasevenmorelikelytodieinalate-nightaccident.

RobertFoss,ascientistattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaHighwaySafetyResearchCenter,saysthehigherdeathratesforteenagedrivershavelesstodowith“reallystupidbehavior”thanwithjustalackofdrivingexperience.“Thebasicissue.”Besays,“isthatadultswhoareresponsibleforissuinglicensesfailtorecognizehowcomplexandskilledataskdrivingis.”

Bothheandtheauthorofthestudybelievethatthewaytomitigate（使…缓解）theproblemistohavestatesinstituteso-calledgraduatedlicensingsystems,inwhichgettingalicenseisamultistageprocess.Agraduatedlicenserequiresthatateenagerfirstprovehimselfcapableofdrivinginthepresenceofanadult,followedbyaperiodofdrivingwithnightofpassengerrestrictions,beforegraduatingtofulldrivingprivileges.

Graduatedlicensingsystemshavereducedteenagedrivercrashes,accordingtorecentstudies.Abouthalfofthestatesnowhavesomesortofgraduatedlicensingsysteminplace,butonly10ofthosestateshaverestrictionsonpassengers,Californiaisthestrictest,withanovice（新手）driverprohibitedfromcarryinganypassengerunder20（withoutthepresenceofanadultover25）forthefirstsixmonths.

21.Whichofthefollowingsituationsismostdangerousaccordingtothepassage?

A）Adultsgivingalifttoteenagersonthehighwayafter10p.m.

B）Ateenagerdrivingaftermidnightwithpassengersinthecar.

C）Adultsdrivingwiththreeormoreteenagepassengerslateatnight.

D）Ateenagergettingaliftfromastrangeronthehighwayatmidnight.（B）

22.AccordingtoRobertFoss.Thehighdeathrateofteenagedriversismainlydueto________.

A）theirfrequentdrivingatnight

B）theirimproperwayofdriving

C）theirlackofdrivingexperience

D）theirdrivingwithpassengers（C）

23.AccordingtoParagraph3.whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A）Teenagersshouldspendmoretimelearningtodrive.

B）Drivingisaskilltoocomplicatedforteenagerstolearn.

C）Restrictionsshouldbeimposedonteenagersapplyingtotakedrivinglessons.

D）Thelicensingauthoritiesarepartlyresponsibleforteenagers’drivingaccidents.（D）

24.Asuggestedmeasuretobetakentoreduceteenagers’drivingaccidentsisthat________.

A）drivinginthepresenceofanadultshouldbemadearule

B）theyshouldbeprohibitedfromtakingonpassengers

C）theyshouldnotbeallowedtodriveafter10p.m.

D）thelicensingsystemshouldbeimproved（D）

25.Thepresentsituationinabouthalfofthestatesisthatthegraduatedlicensingsystem________.

A）isunderdiscussion

B）isabouttobesetup

C）hasbeenputintoeffect

D）hasbeenperfected（C）

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Ifyouknowexactlywhatyouwant,thebestroutetoajobistogetspecializedtraining.Arecentsurveyshowsthatcompanieslikegraduatesinsuchfieldsasbusinessandhealthcarewhocangotoworkimmediatelywithverylittleon-the-jobtraining.

That’sespeciallytrueofboomingfieldsthatarechallengingforworkers.AtCornell’sSchoolofHotelAdministration,forexample,bachelor’sdegreegraduatesgetanaverageoffourorfivejobofferswithsalariesrangingfromthehighteenstothelow20sandplentyofchancesforrapidadvancement.Largecompanies,especially,likeabackgroundofformaleducationcoupledwithworkexperience.

Butinthelongrun,toomuchspecializationdoesn’tpayoff.Business,whichhasbeenf