英文版中华人民共和国民事诉讼法.docx
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英文版中华人民共和国民事诉讼法
英文版中华人民共和国民事诉讼法
CivilProcedureLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina TheCivilProcedureLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,adoptedattheFourthSessionoftheSeventhNationalPeople’sCongressonApril9,1991,ispromulgatednow,andshallenterintoforceasofthedateofpromulgation. Contents PartOneGeneralProvisions ChapterITheAim,ScopeofApplicationandBasicPrinciplesChapterIIJurisdiction Section1JurisdictionbyForumLevelSection2TerritorialJurisdiction Section3TransferandDesignationofJurisdictionChapterIIITrialOrganizationChapterIVWithdrawal ChapterVParticipantsinProceedingsSection1Parties Section2AgentsadLitemChapterVIEvidence ChapterVIITimePeriodsandServiceSection1TimePeriodsSection2Service ChapterVIIIConciliation ChapterIXPropertyPreservationandAdvanceExecution ChapterXCompulsoryMeasuresAgainstObstructionofCivilProceedingsChapterXILitigationCosts PartTwoTrialProcedure ChapterXIIOrdinaryProcedureofFirstInstanceSection1BringingaLawsuitandEntertainingaCaseSection2PreparationsforTrialSection3TrialinCourt Section4SuspensionandTerminationofLitigationSection5JudgmentandOrderChapterXIIISummaryProcedure ChapterXIVProcedureofSecondInstanceChapterXVSpecialProcedureSection1GeneralProvisions Section2CasesConcerningtheQualificationofVoters Section3CasesConcerningtheDeclarationofaPersonasMissingorDead Section4CasesConcerningtheAdjudgmentofLegalIncapacityorRestrictedLegalCapacityofCitizens Section5CasesConcerningtheDeterminationofaPropertyasOwnerlessChapterXVIProcedureforTrialSupervision ChapterXVIIProcedureforHasteningDebtRecovery ChapterXVIIIProcedureforPublicizingPublicNoticeforAssertionofClaimsEnter-prises PartThreeProcedureofExecution ChapterXXGeneralProvisions ChapterXXIApplicationforExecutionandReferralChapterXXIIExecutionMeasures ChapterXXIIISuspensionandTerminationofExecution PartFourSpecialProvisionsforCivilProcedureofCasesInvolvingForeignElementChapterXXIVGeneralPrinciplesChapterXXVJurisdiction ChapterXXVIServiceandTimePeriodsChapterXXVIIPropertyPreservationChapterXXVIIIArbitration ChapterXXIXJudicialAssistance PartOneGeneralProvisions ChapterITheAim,ScopeofApplicationandBasicPrinciples Article1TheCivilProcedureLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaisformulatedonthebasisof theConstitutionandinthelightoftheexperienceandactualconditionsofourcountryinthetrialofcivilcases. Article2TheCivilProcedureLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaaimstoprotecttheexerciseofthelitigationrightsofthepartiesandensuretheascertainingoffactsbythepeople’scourts,distinguishrightfromwrong,applythelawcorrectly,trycivilcasespromptly,affirmcivilrightsandobligations,imposesanctionsforcivilwrongs,protectthelawfulrightsandinterestsoftheparties,educatecitizenstovoluntarilyabidebythelaw,maintainthesocialandeconomicorder,andguaranteethesmoothprogressofthesocialistconstruction. Article3Indealingwithcivillitigationarisingfromdisputesonpropertyandpersonalrelationsbetweencitizens,legalpersonsorotherorganizationsandbetweenthethreeofthem,thepeople’scourtsshallapplytheprovisionsofthisLaw. Article4WhoeverengagesincivillitigationwithintheterritoryofthePeople’sRepublicofChinamustabidebythisLaw. Article5Aliens,statelesspersons,foreignenterprisesandorganizationsthatbringsuitsorenterappearanceinthepeople’scourtsshallhavethesamelitigationrightsandobligationsascitizens,legalpersonsandotherorganizationsofthePeople’sRepublicofChina. Ifthecourtsofaforeigncountryimposerestrictionsonthecivillitigationrightsofthecitizens,legalpersonsandotherorganizationsofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,thepeople’scourtsofthePeople’sRepublicofChinashallfollowtheprincipleofreciprocityregardingthecivillitigationrightsofthecitizens,enterprisesandorganizationsofthatforeigncountry. Article6Thepeople’scourtsshallexercisejudicialpowerswithrespecttocivilcases. Thepeople’scourtsshalltrycivilcasesindependentlyinaccordancewiththelaw,andshallbesubjecttonointerferencebyanyadministrativeorgan,publicorganizationorindividual. Article7Intryingcivilcases,thepeople’scourtsmustbasethemselvesonfactsandtakethelawasthecriterion. Article8Thepartiesincivillitigationshallhaveequallitigationrights.Thepeople’scourtsshall,in conductingthetrials,safeguardtheirrights,facilitatetheirexercisingtherights,andapplythelawequallytothem. Article9Intryingcivilcases,thepeople’scourtsshallconductconciliationforthepartiesonavoluntaryandlawfulbasis;ifconciliationfails,judgmentsshallberenderedwithoutdelay. Article10Intryingcivilcases,thepeople’scourtsshall,accordingtotheprovisionsofthelaw,followthesystemsofpanelhearing,withdrawal,publictrialandthecourtofsecondinstancebeingthatoflastinstance. Article11Citizensofallnationalitiesshallhavetherighttousetheirnativespokenandwrittenlanguagesincivilproceedings. Whereminoritynationalitiesliveinaggregationinacommunityorwhereseveralnationalitieslivetogetherinonearea,thepeople’scourtsshallconducthearingsandissuelegaldocumentsinthespokenandwrittenlanguagescommonlyusedbythelocalnationalities. Thepeople’scourtsshallprovidetranslationsforanyparticipantintheproceedingswhoisnotfamiliarwiththespokenorwrittenlanguagescommonlyusedbythelocalnationalities. Article12Partiestocivilactionsareentitledinthetrialsbythepeople’scourtstoargueforthemselves. Article13Thepartiesarefreetodealwiththeirowncivilrightsandlitigationrightsthewaytheypreferwithinthescopeprovidedbythelaw. Article14Thepeople’sprocuratoratesshallhavetherighttoexerciselegalsupervisionovercivilproceedings. Article15WhereanacthasinfringeduponthecivilrightsandinterestsoftheState,acollectiveorganizationoranindividual,anyStateorgan,publicorganization,enterpriseorinstitutionmaysupporttheinjuredunitorindividualtobringanactioninapeople’scourt. Article16Thepeople’sconciliationcommitteesshallbemassorganizationstoconductconciliationofcivildisputesundertheguidanceofthegrassrootslevelpeople’sgovernmentsandthebasiclevelpeople’scourts. Thepeople’sconciliationcommitteeshallconductconciliationforthepartiesaccordingtotheLawandonavoluntarybasis.Thepartiesconcernedshallcarryoutthesettlementagreement reachedthroughconciliation;thosewhodeclineconciliationorthoseforwhomconciliationhasfailedorthosewhohavebackedoutofthesettlementagreementmayinstitutelegalproceedingsinapeople’scourt. Ifapeople’sconciliationcommittee,inconductingconciliationofcivildisputes,actscontrarytothelaw,rectificationshallbemadebythepeople’scourt. Article17Thepeople’scongressesofthenationalautonomousregionsmayformulate,inaccordancewiththeConstitutionandtheprinciplesofthisLaw,andinconjunctionwiththespecific circumstancesofthelocalnationalities,adaptiveandsupplementaryprovisions.SuchprovisionsmadebyanautonomousregionshallbesubmittedtotheStandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeople’sCongressforapproval;thosemadebyanautonomousprefectureorautonomouscountyshallbesubmittedtothestandingcommitteeofthepeople’scongressoftherelevantprovinceorautonomousregionforapprovalandtotheStandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeople’sCongressfortherecord. ChapterIIJurisdiction Section1JurisdictionbyForumLevel Article18Thebasicpeople’scourtsshallhavejurisdictionascourtsoffirstinstanceovercivilcases,unlessotherwiseprovidedinthisLaw. Article19Theintermediatepeople’scourtsshallhavejurisdictionascourtsoffirstinstanceoverthefollowingcivilcases:
（1）majorcasesinvolvingforeignelement;
（2）casesthathavemajorimpactontheareaundertheirjurisdiction;and（3）casesasdeterminedbytheSupremePeople’sCourttobeunderthejurisdictionoftheintermediatepeople’scourts. Article20Thehighpeople’scourtsshallhavejurisdictionascourtsoffirstinstanceovercivilcasesthathavemajorimpactontheareasundertheirjurisdiction. Article21TheSupremePeople’sCourtshallhavejurisdictionasthecourtoffirstinstanceoverthefollowingcivilcases:
（1）casesthathavemajorimpactonthewholecountry;and
（2）casesthattheSupremePeople’sCourtdeemsitshouldtry. Section2TerritorialJurisdiction Article22Acivillawsuitbroughtagainstacitizenshallbeunderthejurisdictionofthepeople’scourtoftheplacewherethedefendanthashisdomicile;iftheplaceofthedefendant’sdomicileisdifferentfromthatofhishabitualresidence,thelawsuitshallbeunderthejurisdictionofthepeople’scourtoftheplaceofhishabitualresidence. Acivillawsuitbroughtagainstalegalpersonoranyotherorganizationshallbeunderthejurisdictionofthepeople’scourtoftheplacewherethedefendanthashisdomicile. Wherethedomicilesorhabitualresidencesofseveraldefendantsinthesamelawsuitareintheareasunderthejurisdictionoftwoormorepeople’scourts,allofthosepeople’scourtsshallhavejurisdictionoverthelawsuit. Article23Thecivillawsuitsdescribedbelowshallbeunderthejurisdictionofthepeop
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