An Analysis of Causes For the Popularity of Chinglish in China.docx

An Analysis of Causes For the Popularity of Chinglish in China.docx

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AnAnalysisofCausesForthePopularityofChinglishinChina

AnAnalysisofCausesForthePopularityofChinglishinChina

AThesisSubmitted

ToForeignLanguageDepartment

OfCollegeofInformation&Business,

ZhongyuanUniversityofTechnology

InPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirements

FortheDegreeofBachelorofArts

By

LiXiaohu

StudentIDNumber:

2003xxxxxxxx

Supervisor：

WangDawei

May29th,2011

论文摘要

中式英语作为一种主要由于汉语语言、文化及其思维干扰引起的错误，是中国的英语学习者思维方式固有化以及受母语干扰和影响,套用汉语规则和习惯而导致的不符合英语语言文化习惯的畸形英语。

这些中式英语表现形式各异，大大削弱了跨文化交际的效果，有些甚至影响跨文化交际的顺利进行。

本文分析了中式英语的表现形式和产生的原因,以及提出如何避免中式英语的有效途径。

关键词：

中式英语;原因;表现形式;有效途径

Abstract:

ChinglishasamajormistakecausedbytheChineselanguage,cultureandthinkinginterference.ItisakindofdeformityEnglishwhichcausedbyChinaEnglishlearnersthinkinaninherentway,aswellastheirmothertongueinterferenceandinfluence,toapplytherulesandhabitswhichleadtotheChinesedonotmeettheEnglishlanguageandculturalhabits.DifferentformsofChinglish,greatlyweakenedtheeffectofcross-culturalcommunication,interculturalcommunicationandsomeevenaffectthesmoothprogress.ThispaperanalyzesthemanifestationofChinglishandcauses,andtoproposeeffectivewaysonhowtoavoidChinglish.

KeyWords:

Chinglish;causes;manifestations;effectiveways

TableofContents

1.Introduction

1.1TheBackgroundofResearch

Intoday'sglobalinformatizationandnetworking,Englishisbecomingtheimportanttoolofinternationalcommunication.AfterChina'sentryintotheWTO,asaninternationallanguage,EnglishisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantinChinesesociety.Allwalksoflifedemandforforeignlanguagetalentsincreasingly,therequirementofEnglishlevelismoreandhigherforthecollegestudentinthesociety,notonlypeoplehaveastrongabilityofreading,butalsopeopleneedstrongcommunicationskills.However,thepersonwhounderstandEnglishdoesnotrepresenthim/shehasEnglishapplicationability.Overtheyears,undertheinfluenceoftheexam-orientededucation,emphasizingthebooksandlearninggrammarignoredthepracticeabilityofstudentstouseEnglishtocommunicateinChina.InChina,leaningEnglishisstartingfromthethirdgrade,itismoreandmoreimportantinChineseeducation.

However,untilstudentsgotothehighschool,theyhavelearnedEnglishforsixyears,students'EnglishlevelandEnglishapplicationabilityisstillnotwell.Itisasmallnumberofstudentswhocanusethe"authentic"Englishtolisten,speak,readandwrite,andmostofthestudentsareusingthe"ChineseEnglish（Chinglish）",whichreferstoaChineseEnglishvocabulary,grammar,speakinghabits,itisatransitionallanguagebetweenChineseandEnglishlanguageratherthan"nativelanguage".

Nowadays,Englishhasbecomeamultinational,multiculturalandmultifunctionallanguage.ThewidespreadofEnglishhasmadeitselfagloballanguage.NowsomelinguistssayEnglishmayneverbedethronedasthekingoflanguagesasitdominatestheworldasnootherlanguageeverhas.AtpresentitisofficiallyreportedthatEnglish，withatotalpopulationofovertwobillionspeakersasthefirstlanguage,hasaspecialstatusinmorethan75countries.Englishhasbeenthedominantsecondlanguageorforeignlanguageworldwide.AccordingtoDavidCrystal'sstatistics（2001，p.61），in57countrieshereare450millionpeoplewhosemothertongueisEnglish;in67countriesthereare350millionpeopletakingEnglishasthesecondlanguage，whileinthecountrieswiththelargestpopulations，especiallyinChina,Japan,Russia,Brazil,Indonesia,about1,200~1,500millionpeoplespeakEnglishassecondlanguage.Withtheglobalization,itsimportanceintheinternationalcommunicationisincreasing.Inourcountryespeciallyinuniversitiesandcolleges，Englishisalsoveryimportantfornearlyallofthestudents.AsEnglishisnotthemajorofmostChineseEnglishlearners.TheirEnglishlearningprocessisquitedifferent.ManydifferentlearnershavealmostthesamelearningexperiencesalthoughtheyhavestudiedEnglishfor5-6yearsevenmore，theycan'tspeakorwriteEnglishwellnatively.TheEnglishtheyoftenused（bothinwrittenandspokenform）isregardedasChinglishwhichcausedbymothertongueinterference（Chineselanguage）aswellascultureandthinkingmodes.ItoftenappearsinEnglishoutputofnon-Englishmajors.ThephenomenonofChinglishisverynormalinChineseEnglishlearners.ThisthesisaimstoexplorethefeaturesandcausesofChinglishfromlinguisticandculturalpointofview.

1.2SignificanceoftheStudy

Languageisatoolofcommunication.ThosewholearnEnglishinfactarelearningakindofcommunicationskill.However,itisalwaysaheadachethatmanyChineseEnglishlearnerscan'tcommunicatewellbothinwrittenandinspokenEnglish.InordertoimprovethissituationandraiseChineseEnglishlearners'overallabilityforEnglishlearning,thisthesisistryingtoanalyzevariouslinguisticandculturalfeaturesofChinglishandtoexplorethecausesfortheformationofit,finallyattemptingtogivesomesolutionstoChinglish.Inthisthesisthereareagreatdealofauthenticlanguagematerialsprovided,whicharemainlyselectedfromvarioussourcessuchasChineseEnglishlearners'compositions,translationexercises,books,anddailyconversationsfromthelearners.Chinglishhasbeenstudiedbylinguistsbothathomeandabroadfordecades.However,theiremphasisonthestudyofChinglishwasscatteringinmanyareas.Thispaperwillfocusonthelinguisticandculturalfeatures,causesandsomesolutionsaswell.ThewriterprovidessomepossiblesolutionsandefficientEnglishlearningstrategiestolowerChinglish,todiminishnegativetransferofmothertongue,andtoenlargethepositiveaspectofChinese.OnlyinthiswaycantheungrammaticalorunidiomaticfeaturesofChinglishbeobvious,inordertoimproveChineseEnglishlearners'abilitytocommunicatewiththeworldmorenativelyandsmoothly.

2.TheDefinitionandExpressionofChinglish

2.1TheDefinitionofChinglish

AlthoughthestudyoftheformandcauseofChinesestyleEnglishhasnotbeenformedcomprehensiveandsystematic,butitdoesnotmeanthatpeopleignoretheexistenceoftheChinesestyleEnglish.Infact,manyteachersandscholarshavebeenpayattentiontothiskindoflanguageathomeandabroad,andtheypublishthestudyofChinglishphenomenonindifferentbooksorarticleswhichtalkingaboutEnglishteachingandlearningmethods,however,becauseoftheclutterandunnaturalstateofinstabilityChinesestyleEnglish,peoplecannotgiveacleardefinitionofChinglish,theyhavetocombinewiththeirownunderstandingfromdifferentangles,giveitdiverseandincompletedefinition,suchasthefollowingdefinition:

ChinglishisaspeechorwritinginfluencedbyChineseinterference.Peoplecantranslatesomesentenceswordforwordandsentenceforsentencemoreorless.Chinglishmaybecorrectgrammatically,butpeopledoesnotconformtothestandardusageofEnglishwhenchoosewordsorphrasesaswellastheexpressions.Althoughpeoplecanunderstandthemeaning,butpeoplecannotaccepttheChinglish.（DengYanchang,1989）.

Chinglishisakindoflanguagewhichisdeformity.ItisnotEnglishnorChinese,butitmaybeshapedas"EnglishwithChinesecharacteristics".（Joanpinkham，2003）

Fromthedefinitionoflistedabove,peoplecanconcludethattheinterferenceoflanguagelearners'mothertongueisthemaincauseofChinglish.Andthroughouttheinteractionbetweenlanguage,culture,thoughtandmutualinfluencerelations,itisnothardtosee,theinterferenceisfromthelearner'sculturalbackgroundandfollowedbythelearnersmothertonguethinkingmodefundamentallyinthesecondlanguageoutput.（BellRT，2008）Therefore,peoplecanknowthatChinesestyleEnglishisinter-languagearousedbytheChineseEnglishlearnerswhentheylearnEnglishinfluencedbytheiruniquecultureandthinkingmodeofChinese.

2.2TheExpressionofChinglish

2.2.1Miscellaneouswords

InChinese-Englishinterpretation,thecharacteristicofChinesestyleEnglishis"addingunnecessarywords".InfluencedbyChineseexpressions,peopleuserelatedexpressiontoreplaceaverbornoun,inordertoachievethepurposeofemphasisortranslatedwordbyword,ourChineseusedtoaddanunnecessaryadjectivesbeforethenoun,aredundantadverbsbeforeverbs,extratimeadverbialandunnecessaryverbbeforethenoun.Intheguideof"Chinglish",theauthorlistsalargenumberofsuchcharacteristicsofChinesestyleEnglishphrases..Forexample:

thetranslatorsuse"actualfact","seriouschaos","newinnovation","financialexpenditure","agreathistoricchange"and"finalcompletion"tointerpret"thetruth","seriousdisturbances","newinnovation","spending","greathistoricalchange"andChinesephrasessuchas"finished".（BEllis,R，2009）butadjectivesareuselessintheauthenticEnglish,thenounisgoodenough."Acceleratethepaceofreform"istheChinglishtranslationof"acceleratethereform",Inaddition,inthisphraseof"totallyabolish",authenticEnglishadverbs"totally"willdeletetheaggrandizement,becausetheverb"abolish"canexpressthemeaning.Thesameexamplesare"firmlyban"（strictlyprohibited）,"thoroughlyeliminate"（eliminate）,"itsuccessfullyaccomplish（victory）","completelysmash"（crushed）,"completelyconquer"（occupation）completely,"extremelyshameless"shameless,"fullysupport"（support）,"stronglyadvocate"（suchasstronglyapproveof）（YamunaK,Cecil,2006）.Whenpeopleaddthetemporaladverbialofcharacteristics,"ChineseEnglish"wasalsomanifested,suchasinthe