1993 考研英语真题及答案Word下载.docx

1993 考研英语真题及答案Word下载.docx

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5.MorethanonethirdoftheChineseintheUnitedStatesliveinCalifornia,_____inSanFrancisco.

A.previouslyB.predominantly

C.practicallyD.permanently

6.Prof.Lee'

sbookwillshowyou___canbeusedinothercontexts.

A.thatyouhaveobservedB.thathowyouhaveobserved

C.howthatyouhaveobservedD.howwhatyouhaveobs4erved

7.Allfights______becauseofthesnowstorm,wedecidedtotakethetrain.

A.werecanceledB.hadbeencanceled

C.havingcanceledD.havingbeencanceled

8.Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably____reportonlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetails.

A.conciseB.clearC.preciseD.elaborate

9.Withprices___somuch,it'

shardforthecompanytoplanabudget.

A.fluctuatingB.wavingC.swingingD.vibrating

10.Expertsaywalkingisoneofthebestwaysforapersonto___healthy.

A.preserveB.stayC.maintainD.reserve

11.Expectednoisesareusuallymore___thanunexpectedonesofthelikemagnitude.

A.manageableB.controllableC.tolerableD.perceivable

12.Itisn'

tsomuchwhetherheworkshard;

thequestioniswhetherheworks___.

A.aboveallB.inallC.atallD.afterall

13.Thereisanincorrectassumptionamongscientistsandmedicalpeoplethateveryoneagrees___whatconstitutesabenefittoanindividual.

A.onB.withC.toD.in

14.Alltheinformationwehavecollectedinrelationtothatcase______verylittle.

A.makesupforB.addsuptoC.comesupwithD.putsupwith

15.Areallypowerfulspeakercan____thefeelingsoftheaudiencetothefeverofexcitement.

A.workoutB.workoverC.workatD.workup

16.Beforethestudentssetoff,theyspentmuchtimesettingalimit____theexpensesofthetrip.

A.toB.aboutC.inD.for

17.AccordingtothepsychoanalystSigmundFreud,wisdomcomesformthe______ofmaturity.

A.fulfillmentB.achievementC.establishmentD.accomplishment

18.FromthetearsinNedra'

seyeswecandeducethatsomethingsad____.

A.musthaveoccurredB.wouldhaveoccurred

C.mightbeoccurringD.shouldoccur

19.YoucanarriveinBeijingearlierforthemeeting____youdon'

tmindtakingthenighttrain.

A.providedB.unlessC.thoughD.until

20.Hardlyamonthgoesbywithout___ofanothersurveyrevealingnewdepthsofscientificamongU.S.citizens.

A.wordsB.awordC.thewordD.word

21.Ifyou____JerryBrownuntilrecently,you'

dthinkthephotographontherightwasstrange.

A.shouldn'

tcontactB.didn'

tcontact

C.weren'

ttocontactD.hadn'

tcontacted

22.Someteenagersharborageneralizedresentmentagainstsociety,which____themtherightsandprivilegesofadults,althoughphysicallytheyaremature.

A.deprivesB.restrictsC.rejectsD.denies

23.Imustgonow.___,ifyouwantthatbookI'

llbringitnexttime.

A.IncidentallyB.AccidentallyC.OccasionallyD.Subsequently

24.Thereisnoreasontheyshouldlimithowmuchvitaminyoutake,_____theycanlimithowmuchwateryoudrink.

A.muchmorethanB.nomorethanC.nolessthanD.anymorethan

25.Though___inSanFrancisco,DaveMitchellhadalwayspreferredtorecord,theplainfactsofsmall-townlife.

A.raisedB.grownC.developedD.cultivated

26.Mostelectronicdevicesofthiskind,____manufacturedforsuchpurposes,aretightlypacked.

A.thatareB.asareC.whichisD.itis

27.Asforthewinter,itisinconvenienttobecold,withmostof___furnacefuelisallowedsavedforthedawn.

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.such

28.AchievingahighdegreeofproficiencyinEnglishasaforeignlanguageisnotamysterious____withoutscientificbasic.

A.processB.practiceC.procedureD.program

29.Wecannotalways____thewind,sonewwindmillsshouldbesodesignedthattheycanalsobedrivenbywater.

A.hangonB.countonC,holdonD.comeon

30.Thestormsweepingoverthisareanowissuretocause____ofvegetablesinthecomingdays.

A.rarityB.scarcityC.invalidityD.variety

Ⅱ.Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequetions.Foreachquestiontherearefour

answersmarkedA,B,C,andD.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosetheanswertoeachof

thequestions.ThenmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETbyblackeningthecorresponding

letterinthebrackets.（30points）

1

Islanguage,likefood,abasichumanneedwithoutwhichachildatacriticalperiodoflife

canbestarvedanddamaged?

JudgingfromthedrasticexperimentofFrederickⅡinthethir-

teenthcentury,itmaybe.Hopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardno

mothertongue,hetoldthenursestokeepsilent.

Alltheinfantsdiedbeforethefirstyear.Butclearlytherewasmorethanlackoflanguage

here.Whatwasmissingwasgoodmothering.Withoutgoodmothering,inthefirstyearoflife

especially,thecapacitytosurviveisseriouslyaffected.

TodaynosuchseverelackexistsasthatorderedbyFrederick.Nevertheless,somechildren

arestillbackwardinspeaking.Mostoftenthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitiveto

thesignalsoftheinfant,whosebrainisprogrammedtolearnlanguagerapidly.Ifthesesensitive

periodsareneglected,theidealtimeforacquiringskillspassesandtheymightneverbelearnedso

easilyagain.Abirdlearnstosingandtoflyrapidlyattherighttime,buttheprocessisslowand

hardoncethecriticalstagehaspassed.

Expertssuggestthatspeechstagesarereachedinafixedsequenceandataconstantage,but

therearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuaLlyturnsouttobeofhighIQ.

Attwelveweeksababysmilesandmakesvowel-likesounds;

attwelvemonthshecanspeaksim-

plewordsandunderstandsimplecommands;

ateighteenmonthshehasavocabularyofthreeto

fiftywords.Atthreeheknowsaboutl,000wordswhichhecanputintosentences,andatfour

hislanguagediffersfromthatofhisparentsinstyleratherthangrammar.

Recentevidencesuggeststhataninfantisbornwiththecapacitytospeak.Whatisspecial

aboutman'

sbrain,comparedwiththatofthemonkey,ifthecomplexsystemwhichenablesa

childtoconnectthesightandfeelof,say,atoy-bearwiththesoundpattem"

toy-bear"

.And

evenmoreincredibleistheyoungbrain'

sabilitytopickoutanorderinlanguagefromthemixture

ofsoundaroundhim,toanalyse,tocombineandrecombinethepartsofalanguageinnewways.

Butspeechhastobeinduced,andthisdependsoninteractionbetweenthemotherandthe

child,wherethemotherrecognizesthesignalsinthechild'

sbabbling（咿呀学语）,graspingand

smiling,andrespondstothem.Insensitivityofthemothertothesesignalsdullstheinteraction

becausethechildgetsdiscouragedandsendsoutonlytheobvioussignals.Sensitivitytothe

child'

snon-verbalsignalsisessentialtothegrowthanddevelopmentoflanguage.

31.ThepurposeofFrederickII'

sexperimentwas__

A.toprovethatchildrenarebornwiththeabilitytospeak

B.todiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakwithouthearinganyhumanspeech

C.tofindoutwhatrolecarefulnursingwouldplayinteachingachildtospeak

D.toprovethatachildcouldbedamagedwithoutlearningalanguage

32.Thereasonsomechildrenarebackwardinspeakingismostprobablythat__

A.theyareincapableoflearninglanguagerapidly

B.theyareexposedtotoomuchlanguageatonce

C.theirmothersrespondinadequatelytotheirattemptstospeak

D.theirmothersarenotintelligentenoughtohelpthem

33.Whatisexceptionallyremarkableaboutachildisthat

A.heisbornwiththecapacitytospeak

B.hehasabrainmorecomplexthanananimal'

s

C.hecanproducehisownsentences

D.heoweshisspeechabilitytogoodnursing

34.WhichofthefonowingcanNOTbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Thefacultyofspeechisinborninman.

B.Encouragementisanythingbutessentialtoachildinlanguagelearning.

C.Thechild'

sbrainishighlyselective.

D.Mostchildrenlearntheirlanguageindefinitestages.

35.Ifachildstartstospeaklaterthanothers,hewill

A.haveahighIQ

B.belessintelligent

C.beinsensitivetoverbalsignals

D.notnecessarilybebackward

2

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic（官僚主义的）managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoiling

isdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand

"

human-relations"

experts;

yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepower-

less,thathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandthatheisboredwithit.Infact,

theblue-andthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofau-

tomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.

Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofa

job;

theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorin