Unit 6 Attitudes towards LifeWord格式文档下载.docx
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Explainit.
2.Doyoufindlifesometimesparadoxical?
Ifyes,pleasegiveoneexample.
II.BackgroundInformation
2)Quotesaboutfameandsuccess.
1.Sometimesthebestgainistolose.
有时大得即大失。
2.Richeseitherserveorgovernthepossessor.
财富可以侍候主人,也可以支配主人。
3.Alltheartoflivingliesinafineminglingoflettinggoandholdingon.
—HavelockEllis,Britishpsychologistandessayist
生活的艺术在于对坚持与放弃的合理调配。
——亨利·
哈维洛克·
艾利斯英国心理学家、作家
4.Lifeislikeanonion;
youpeelofflayerafterlayerandthenyoufindthereisnothinginit.
—JamesGibbonsHuneker,Americanessayistandcritic
生活就象洋葱:
你一层一层拨开就会发现里面什么也没有。
——詹姆斯·
吉本斯·
亨内克美国作家、评论家
5.Thevalueoflifeliesnotinthelengthofdays,butintheusewemakeofthem.
—MicheldeMontaigne,FrenchWriter
生活的价值不在于生命的长短,而在于我们是怎样度过的。
——蒙田法国作家
6.Ourattitudetowardlifedetermineslife'
sattitudetowardsus.
—EarlNightingale,Americanspeakerandauthor
我们对生活的态度决定着生活对我们的态度。
——厄尔·
南丁格尔美国演说家、作家
III.TextAnalysis
PartI(Para1-8):
Throughoneeventduringhishospitalization,theauthorexplainsthatweoftenfailtoseethebeautyandwonderoflifewhenweshouldbeholdingontoit,urgesustoholdfasttothegiftsoflife.
PartII(Para9-11):
Theauthordirectshisdiscussiontotheothersideoftheparadox:
howtoletgo,andpointsoutwhywemustacceptlossesandlearnhowtoletgo.
PartIII(Para12-16):
Asasolutiontotheparadox,theauthorsuggestsawiderperspectivetoviewwhatistransientandwhatiseternal,givesushisadviceastowhatweshoulddoinordertomakeourlivesmeaningfulandourdeeds“timeless”.
IV.WordsandExpressions
1)(Para1)fast:
ad.becomeorbefirmlyfixedandunabletomove
*Theboatwasstuckfastinthemud.
2)(Para1)clench
:
vt.closetightly
e.g在被动手术时她咬紧了牙关。
(=Sheclenchedherteethwhenshewasoperatedon.)
3)(Para3)fade:
vi.1.losecolourandbrightness
*Flowerssoonfadewhencut.
2.disappeargradually.e.g.他的希望渐渐破灭(=Hishopesfaded.)
4)(Para3)wither:
v.
1.(causesthto)becomedry,shrivelledordead
e.g这些花不放在水里就要枯死了.(=Theflowerswillwitherifyoudon'
tputtheminwater.)
2.renderspeechlessorincapableofaction;
stun
e.g她的一瞥使他无言以对。
(=Shewitheredhimwithalook.)
cf.wither&
fade
这两个动词均含“凋谢”之意。
wither指因无活力而丧失生命力。
fade强调指渐渐失去色彩和光泽。
5)(Para3)tender:
1.v.formallyofferorshowsomethingtosomeone
*Ascompanysecretary,youmusttendertheproposal.
(=Thesellerhastherighttokeepthegoodsuntilpaymentistenderedtohim.)
2.a.1)(ofmeat)easytochew;
nottough
*Continuecookinguntilthemeatistender.
2)painfulwhentouched;
sensitive
e.g我的手指一碰就疼,因为昨天割破了。
(=MyfingeristenderbecauseIcutityesterday.)
3)gentleandcarefulinawaythatshowslove
*Hervoicewastenderandsoft.
Collocations:
tenderage年幼而未成熟的tenderlovingcare悉心、关切的照顾
atenderheart软心肠atendermother慈母
6)(Para4)hospitalize:
vt.placeinahospitalfortreatment,care,orobservation.
*Rogerwashospitalizedafterasevereheartattack.
NB:
该词一般用于被动语态
7)(Para5)wheel:
1.n.oneoftheroundthingsunderacar,bus,bicycle,etc.thatturnswhenitmoves
*Thecarslidsideways,itsrearwheelsspinning.
2.v.movesomeoneorsth.thatisinoronsth.thathaswheels
e.g他把摩托车推到街上。
(=Hewheeledhismotorcycleintothestreet.)
atthewheel驾驶,掌舵oilthewheels使事情进行得顺利
onwheels用车子putone’sshouldertothewheel(帮助他人)动手
wheelswithinwheels复杂的事情;
复杂的原因
wheelanddeal(AmE.)(在政界)独断专行
8)(Para6)relish:
1.n.greatenjoymentofsomething
*Iatewithgreatrelish,enjoyingeverybite.
2.vt.enjoyanexperienceorthethoughtofsomethingthatisgoingtohappen
e.g我可不乐意这麽早就起床.
(=Idon'
trelishhavingtogetupsoearly.)
9)(Para6)indifferent:
a.notatallinterestedinsomeoneorsth.
e.g我对他们的争论毫不关心。
(=Iamindifferenttotheirarguments.)
cf.indifferent,unconcerned,incurious,detached&
uninterested
这些形容词均有“不关心的、不感兴趣的”意思。
indifferent运用得最广。
它可以表示无偏向性,对事物这样或那样不关心
unconcerned意指不仅不感兴趣,而且也不同情,不焦虑,不关心
incurious强调缺乏理性的探询和本能的好奇心
detached意指不参与,同时对此有客观的看法
uninterested仅表示缺乏兴趣
(Directions:
)Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.
1.Theuniverseisnothostile,noryetisitfriendly.Itissimply_____.(=indifferent)
2.Hewas______inpolitics.(=uninterested)
3.Manylargecompaniesseemtotally______abouttheenvironment.(=unconcerned)
4.Shedescribedwhathadhappenedinacoldand_____manner.(=detached)
5.Hewas_______oftechnicalandtextualscience.(=incurious)
10)(Para6)preoccupy:
vt.engage(sb.orhismind,thoughts,etc.)sothathecannot
thinkofotherthings
e.g你昨天在公共汽车站上心不在焉,没有注意到我。
(=Youweretoopreoccupiedtonoticemeatthebusstopyesterday.)
Pattern:
bepreoccupiedwith全神贯注于
11)(Para6)petty:
a.
1.ofsmallimportance;
trivial
*Westartedhavingargumentsoverpettylittlethings.
2)unkindandcaringtoomuchaboutsmallunimportantthings
*Howcanshebesopetty?
pettyandchildishbehaviour小心眼和孩子气的行为
pettyaboutmoney在金钱上很小气
pettycash零用现金
pettylarceny小偷小摸
pettyofficer海军士官
12)(Para6)mean:
a.ignoble
*Ineverthoughthewascapableofdoingsuchameanthingtohisbrother.
cf.low,mean,cheap&
shabby
这些形容词均有“卑鄙的,卑贱的,卑下的”意思。
low指行为卑鄙、可耻、下文明,可引申指庸俗。
mean暗示狠毒、贪婪、缺乏尊严感等为人们所不耻的卑鄙、自私、渺小的行为。
cheap侧指人或物的品质低劣下贱。
shabby指行为的不公和卑劣,往往使人感到不屑和轻蔑。
13)(Para7)glean:
1.gathergrainleftinafieldbyharvestworkers
*Boysareaskedtogleanthegraineverymorning.
2.findoutinformationslowlyandwithdifficulty
e.g我从别人的话中总算弄清楚他不来了。
(=Fromwhatpeoplesaid,Imanagedtogleanthathewasn'
tcoming.)
gleansth.fromsb./sth.从……中搜集
14)(Para7)commonplace:
1.a.ordinary;
notinteresting
*He'
snotatallexciting,infacthe'
sreallyrathercommonplace.(=他毫不出奇,实际上平庸得很。
)
15)(Para8)dawn:
vi.
1.begintobecomelightinthemorning.
*Themorningdawnedfreshandclearafterthestorm.
2.begintobeperceivedorunderstood
e.g很快我们就意识到了危险的存在。
(=Realizationofthedangersoondawnedonus.)
Itdawnsonsb.that...渐渐明白,开始被察觉或理解
16)(Para8)embrace:
1.putyourarmsaroundsomeoneandholdtheminafriendlyorlovingway
e.g她在离开前拥抱儿子。
(=Sheembracedhersonbeforeleaving.)
2.eagerlyacceptanewidea,opinion,religion,etc.
*Wehopetheseregionswillembracedemocraticreforms.
3.includesth.aspartofasubject,discussion,etc.
*Thiscourseembracesseveraldifferentaspectsofpsychology.
embraceChristianity信奉基督教
embraceanoffer,opportunity欣然接受提议、把握机会
embraceasocialcause乐意地从事一项社会活动
17)(Para9)paradox:
n.
1.statementthatseemstobeabsurdorcontradictorybutisormaybetrue
*Paradoxandironyarecharacteristicsofherstyle.
2.person,thingorsituationdisplayingcontradictoryfeatures
*It'
sacuriousparadoxthatdrinkingalotofwatercanoftenmakeyoufeelthirsty.
18)(Para10)passion:
n.
1.averystrongfeelingofsexuallove
*Hispassionforhermadehimblindtoeverythingelse.
(=他强烈地爱着她,对其他一切都视而不见。
2.averystrongbelieforfeelingaboutsth.
e.g她争论时情绪很激动。
(=Shearguedwithgreatpassion.)
3.averystronglikingforsth.
e.g赛马是她最喜爱的运动。
(=Horse-racingisherpassion.)
cf.emotion,feeling,passion,affection&
sentiment
这些名词的共同含义是“感情”或“情感”之意。
emotion普通用词,词义中性。
泛指因外界刺激而引起思想情感从细微变化到最强烈的发作。
feeling普通用词,含义广。
多指具体的或内心的感受,或表露出来的强烈情感。
passion指极强烈的感情,尤指愤怒、爱好等。
也常指两性间的爱情。
affection指对人的爱慕或深厚、温柔的感情。
sentiment一般指由一种思想激起的感情,含较大的理智因素。
1.He'
sconsiderateofotherpeople'
s____.(=feelings)
2.Kimreceivedthenewswithoutshowinganyvisiblesignof____.(=emotion)
3.Allthe_____intheirmarriagehasdied.(=passion)
4.Theirfathernevershowedthemmuch_____.(=affection)
5.There’snoplacefor____inbusiness!
(=sentiment)
19)(Para10)confront
vt.makesb.faceorconsidersb./sth.unpleasant,difficult,etc.
*Whenconfrontedwiththeevidenceofherguilt,sheconfessed.
(=她面对罪证供认不讳。
beconfrontedwith面对
20)(Para11)sustain:
vt.
1.sufferdamage,aninjury,orlossofmoney
*Twoofthefire-fighterssustainedseriousinjuries.
2.makesth.continuetoexistorhappenforaperiodoftime
*Hewasincapableofsustainingcloserelationshipswithwomen.
cf.undergo,experience,sustain&
suffer
这些动词均有“经历,经受,遭受”之意。
undergo多指经受艰难、痛苦、不愉快或危险的事。
experience指亲身经受或体验某事。
sustain指遭受痛苦或承受负担。
suffer常可与sustain通用,尤指受到损害或伤害。
21)(Para12)reconcile:
1.reestablishacloserelationshipbetween
*Jonahandhisyoungestsonwere,onthesurfaceatleast,reconciled.
2.bring(aquarrel,disagreement,etc.)toanend;
settle
e.g他们无法调和彼此的分歧。
(=Theycan'
treconciletheirdifferences.)
reconcilesb.tosth.(使某人)无可奈何地接受某事物
reconciletwoideas调和两种看法
reconciledifferences调和分歧
reconciletheevidencewiththefacts使证据符合事实
becamereconciledto接受
22)(Para12)fashion:
vtshapeormakesth.
*Hefashionedaboxfromafewoldpiecesofwood.
Patterns:
Fashion…from...用……制成……Fashion...into...把……制成……
23)(Para13)perspective:
n.awayofthinkinga