厦门寒假班大学英语第一批课堂笔记.docx
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厦门寒假班大学英语第一批课堂笔记
1.复习建议
1）词汇--看词汇表，英译汉
well井，涌出,fairandjust公平合理justice公正，正义，justify
Treefamilytree
Thetowntendedtocrypoortraditionally.
Centerconcentratecon-com-,col-,cor-
Companycollaborate（labor）,correlate
enjoyensureencouragediscourage
adaptadopt
partapartfrom除了。
。
。
depart分开impart灌输participatein/takepartinapartmentdepartment部门departmentstorecompartment隔间
2）语法---
a.时态语态：
完成时、少数时态的特殊用法、用主动语态表被动
b.虚拟语气
c.非谓语动词
d.从句：
连词
e.倒装句；主谓一致
3）作文：
whenitcomestosuccess,itisbelievedthatgoodluckisimportant.However,...
2.课程计划
3.今日正题---语法：
时态语态；虚拟语气
1．动词
1.时态：
一般时，进行时（暂时），完成时（必须有时间的参照），将来时
A.一般现在时描述日程安排：
SchoolendsonJanuary12thandbeginsonFebruary12th.
主将从现--时间状语从句，条件状语从句
Ifonehasthecode,hewillsearchfortheprivateinformation.
B.一般过去时：
usedto/would过去常常
C.将来进行时（hacker）
IwillbescanningthefileswhenIgetoffworktoday.
D.完成时：
haddone,have/hasdone,willhavedone
by到。
。
。
为止
Whenhecameintotheoffice,Ihadtypedallthedocuments.
Inthepastfivedays,shehassoldtheinsurancetotwentypeople.
Thisisthefirsttimethelawyerhascontributedtoourfund.（序数词，最高级，only）
Themanhasbeenbreakingintothisbuildingandstealingalltheusefulthingsforthreedays.（一直）
Bynextmonth,Iwillhaverecitedallthenewwords.
E.将来时：
beto将要；打算，必须,beaboutto即将,besupposedto应该
2.语态bedone被做
用主动形式表被动：
A.beworthdoing
thefilmisworthseeing.
B.Need/want/require需要被做
Yourlockneedscutting.
C.做起来read,write,cut,wash,sell..
Thenovelreadsinteresting.
Thepenwritessmooth.
Theknifecutseasily.
Theclothwashessoft.
Thebooksellswell.
3.情态动词
表可能性：
might,may,could,can,must
mightnot,maynot也许不
couldnot,cannot不可能
mustnot禁止
Themanmustbethetechnician,isn'the?
Themanmusthavebeenhereforseveraltimes,hasn'the?
表必要性：
must（主观）,should（客观）,oughtto（义务）
Imustbegoingnow.
Thebusinessesoughttoshouldertheirsocialresponsibilities.
复合情态动词：
mightaswell,mayaswell,不妨，也可以，cannotbut,cannothelpbut不能不，wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldjustassoon宁可，宁愿
must
Hemustbeclimbingthestairs.
Hemusthaveaskedforleaveyesterday.
alter
1－10ACDCBDAABD
11－15ADCBA
needn'thavedone=didn'thavetodo
shouldhavedone
16-20ADBCD
21－30DABADCDADB
high-endproducts
electronic电子的electric电气的
adventure冒险risk风险
pattern模式，图样
coverrecoverdiscoveruncover
review
damage,destroy
harm损害thecustomers'interests
spoil宠坏
modifymode
transform
shift轮换
alter替换
challenge挑战chance机会，可能性
last持续lasting=enduring持久的
referto...for=turnto...for
referto向。
。
。
请教，参考referencebooks
referto提及thegreatscientistinhisspeech
refertothebehaviourasadventure称。
。
。
为
Section:
部分
take...aparttakein吸收takeover接管taketo喜欢上takeup开始。
。
takeoff起飞，流行起来，变得畅销
Thelady-killerinstantlytookthegirlaway.
Suburban郊区的urban都市的
alternative
substituteon-lineshoppingformallshopping
replacemallshoppingwithon-lineshopping
虚拟语气（从句，过去形式）
虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表示对某种与事实相反或难以实现的情况的假设或说话人的主观愿望。
另外，这种语气还用于建议、命令、劝告、要求、必要、重要等词语之后的that-从句中。
虚拟语气是语法结构题中非常重要的内容，因此，考生必须牢记各种虚拟语气结构。
---Willyoutreatmewithafinedinner?
---IfIhavethemoneywithme,Iwillpaythebill.
IfIhadthemoneywithme,Iwouldpaythebill.
1）非真实条件句（虚拟条件句）
一般非真实条件句有三种情况：
与现在事实相反的假设句，与过去事实相反的假设句和未来实现可能性很小的假设句。
这三种非真实条件句中的主句、从句的谓语形式列表如下：
连接词
条件句
主句
现在
if
过去式（be变were）
would（should，could，might）+动词原形
过去
if
过去完成时
would（should，could，might）+have+过去分词
将来
if
should（或wereto）
would（should，could，might）+动词原形
if:
supposing,suppose,provided
Birdsofonefeatherflocktogether.
如：
IfwelivedattheNorthPole,wewouldneedverywarmclothing.
IfIhadknownhertelephonenumberthen,Iwouldhavecalledher.
IfIshould/weretodotheexperiment,Iwoulddoitsomeotherway.
①从句省略if,用倒装句式"were,had,should+主语”
WereIinschoolagain,Iwouldworkharder.
Hadyoubeenhereearlier,youwouldhaveseenhim.
Shouldtherebeameetingtomorrow,Iwouldcome.
②用介词短语代替条件状语从句。
Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.Iwouldnothavesucceededbutfor要不是yourhelp.（iftherehadnotbeenfor）
③有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：
Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.
虚拟语气的分类：
第一类：
从句谓语动词用过去形式：
过去完成，过去时，过去将来
A.If从句
B.Ifonly从句（要是。
。
。
就好了）
IfonlyIhaddrivenmytruckhere.
C.wish
D.asif/asthough
E.wouldrather/wouldsooner/wouldjustassoon从句（用过去完成，过去时）
Iwouldrathertakeawaythepiano.
IwouldratherItookawaythepianotomorrow.
IwouldsoonerIhadtakenawaythepianothedaybeforeyesterday.
F.Itis（high/about）timethatwepaidattentiontopreservingourtraditionalvalues.
第二类：
从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略
A.Itis+形容词that...
B.lest,incase,forfearthat万一，以防，以免
TheAmericangovernmentputhimintoprisonforlifeincasehethreatenthepeaceofthesociety.
C.命令，要求，建议
Order,demand,require,request,insist,urge,ask,prefer,suggest,advice,recommend,propose（提议）,move（动议）
Thecommitteeproposedthesuspectbeimprisoned.
Thecommitteeputforwardtheproposalthatthesuspectbeimprisoned.
1-10DDCBBCDCCA
11-20CCCCABDDAA
21-25BCABD
asifitwere
CEOchiefexecutiveofficial
Whetheroneisacommoneroranofficial,hehastoobeythelaw.
Beoneacommoneroranofficial,hehastoobeythelaw.
IwouldbuythepurseforyoubutIdon'thavethemoney.
Profitbenefit
Physicalexercisesarebeneficialforyourmentalhealth.
IFIhadfeltwell
MayIcomein?
Will会willing愿意的
alivingwill
Wewillhelpyou.
Itwillclearuptomorrow.
21-30BCABDCABDC
31-40BCADDABCCB
41-50BDCCDCACBC
51-60DBCBBDCBCA
61-70CBCCDCBCBB
1.不要看懂文章，把握文章主题即可
2.要看懂题目，带着题干中的明显的信息回原文（如：
专有名词，数字）
3.对于推断题一定要先分析选项，其他类型的问题可以迅速浏览选项，注意表达形式近似的选项
4.语义题必须代入原文
非谓语动词
一个句号内有且只有一个独立的主谓结构
1.不定式
Themanseemshappy.
ThemanseemstolikeChineseculture.
Wedon'tallowpeopletosmokeoncampus.
A.不要to的情况
1）听、观、感、使、让+宾语+不带to的不定式
listento,hear,see,lookat,notice,watch,feel,make,let,have
Inoticethesuspectcrossthestreet.
Thesuspectisnoticedtocrossthestreet.
2）except/but前有谓语动词do后不要to
Whenhewasathome,hedidnothingbutstareattheceiling.
Wehadnoalternativeexcepttoaccepttheterms.
B.tobedoing,tohavedone,tohavebeendone
Heissaidtobetravellingaroundtheworld.
Heissaidtohavetouredmorethan100cities.
Heissaidtohavebeeninterviewedbyfiftypresshouses.
C.不定式当定语，必须与名词构成完整的动宾结构
Givemeabooktoread.
Givemeaformtofillin.
Givemeapentowritewith.
cannothelpbutdo
Iambusypreparingfortheexam,soIcannothelptodothehomework.
2.动名词
某些动词后必须接动名词
need,require,wantdoing需要被做
need,require,wanttobedone
Thethiefrememberedtoturnofftheelectricity.
Whenhegothome,herememberedleavingthetoolintheclassroom.
Iremembertobringthematerialbutforgettobringthebook.
3.现在分词，过去分词
doing;beingdone;havingdone;havingbeendone
Spendingsummerholidayinthebeachcity,shebecameoptimisticaboutlife.
Havingspendsummervacationinthebeachcity,shecamebackrefreshed.
___theletter（write）,shepostedit.
Theystoodatthegate,talking.
现在分词：
主动，进行
过去分词：
被动，完成
thecookingmother
thecookedfish
adevelopingcountryadevelopedcountry
aboilingwateraboiledwater
Hispuzzlingexpressionindicatedthatheintendedtohidesomethingfromus.
Hispuzzledexpressionindicatedthathehadtroubleworkingouttheproblem.
interest使。
。
。
感兴趣
frighten使。
。
。
惊慌
seat使。
。
。
坐下sit坐下
dress给。
。
。
穿衣
Themotherdressesthegirl.
Thegirlisdressedinablueskirt.
Wearelookingforagirldressedinablueskirt.
Whoseatsyouhere?
Youareseatedinthefirstrow.
Londonin2012
Themuseumtobebuiltnextyearwillbethelargestinourcountry.
Themuseumbeingbuiltnowwillbethelargestinourcountry.
Themuseumbuiltin1980swillberepaired.
Seeingfromthetopofthemountain,wefindthecitybeautiful.
Seenfromthetopofthemountain,thecitylooksbeautiful.
Theboyreadingthebook,thelightwentout.
Hisparentsrespectedhisdecision,whichmadehimgrateful.
remain仍然,保持leave
TheQueenremainedsingleallherlife.
thedollarsleft
misslose
theclassroomismissingthewire.
Thewireismissingintheclassroom.
Thewireislost.
themissingchildthelostchild
Consideringtheweather,youhavetoputonwarmclothes.
Judgingtheappearance,...
Believeitornot,
Totellyouthetruth,...
Whatyouknowmatters.
Therearemanypeoplesufferingfrommentalproblems.
1-10ABDABABABD
Otherthan除了。
。
。
Ratherthan而非
trytodo尽力去做trydoing试着做
11-20ABDBDABBAC
21.ADBCB26.CBC
Openhours:
Havesthdone
Hehadthemanrepairthewatch.
Hehadthehorserunningforseveralhours.
Hehadthewatchrepaired.
Thewatchhehadhadrepairedwasnonowheretobeseen.
Hehadhaditrepaired.
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:
HowtoKeepPsychologicallyHealthy?
Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.
1．心理健康问题往往是导致疾病的原因
2．分析人们产生心理健康问题的原因（可从失业、压力过重、缺乏支持、缺乏人际交往能力等方面分析）
3．你认为人们应如何保持心理健康
语法---从句与连词
1.定语从句（限定性、非限定性）
that,which,who,whom,whose,where,when,why,as
Theroomwhosewindowopenstothesouthisbetterforliving.
Thehousewillbepulleddown.
Thehousewasbuiltonlytwoyearsago.
Thefamouswriterlivedinthehouseallhislife.
Thehousewhichwasbuiltonlytwoyearsagowillbepulleddown.
Thehouseinwhich/wherethefamouswriterlivedallhislifewillbepulleddown.
Wewanttovisitthetemple__which__themandesigned.
Wewanttovisitthetemple_inwhich/wher
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