The Conflicts between Body and Soul in Sons and Lovers.docx

The Conflicts between Body and Soul in Sons and Lovers.docx

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TheConflictsbetweenBodyandSoulinSonsandLovers

TheConflictsbetweenBodyandSoulinSonsandLovers

Acknowledgements

MydeepestgratitudegoesfirstandforemosttoProfessorGuoYuying,mysupervisor,forherconstantencouragementandguidance.Shehaswalkedmethroughallthestagesofthewritingofthisthesis.Withoutherconsistentandilluminatinginstruction,thisthesiscouldnothavereacheditspresentform.

IamalsodeeplyindebtedtoalltheothertutorsandteachersinTranslationStudiesfortheirdirectandindirecthelptome.Specialthanksshouldgotomyfriendswhohaveputconsiderabletimeandeffortintotheircommentsonthedraft.

Finally,Iamindebtedtomyclassmatesfortheircontinuoussupportandencouragement.

摘要

劳伦斯是二十世纪充满争议的小说家，他的小说《儿子与情人》通过社会批判和心理探索,从一个全新的角度描述了主人公保罗和父母之间、保罗和两个情人之间以及保罗的父亲与母亲之间被扭曲的、畸形的爱恋,向读者展示了一幅幅灵与肉之间不断冲撞的画面。

处于灵肉分离状态下男女的苦闷和无奈,必然导致爱情和婚姻的失败,从而作者提出和谐的婚姻和爱情应该是灵与肉的完美结合。

关键词：

爱；灵与肉的冲突；《儿子与情人》

Abstract

DavidHerbertLawrencewasanimportantandcontroversialEnglishnovelistofthe20thcentury.ThroughsocialcriticismandpsychologicalexplorationhisnovelSonsandLoversdescribestheabnormallovebetweenthemaincharacterPaulandhismother,Paulandhistwolovers,andPaul’sparentsfromanewangle,whichshowstoreadersapictureofconflictsbetweenbodyandsoul.Thedepressionofthepeoplewhoseloveisbasedontheseparationbetweenbodyandsoulmustleadtothefailureofloveandmarriage.Sothenovelistputsforwardhisviewthatharmoniousmarriageandloveshoudbetheunificationofbodyandsoul.

KeyWords:

love;conflictsbetweenbodyandsoul;SonsandLovers

Contents

AcknowledgementsI

摘要II

AbstractIII

ContentsIV

1.Introduction1

1.1AboutDavidHerbertLawrence1

1.2LiteraryReviewofSonsandLovers2

1.3TheObjectiveofthisThesis3

2.LoveinBody3

2.1UnharmoniousLovebetweenMr.MorelandMrs.Morel3

2.2SexualLovebetweenPaulandClara5

3.LoveinSoul6

3.1PlatonicLovebetweenPaulandMirian6

3.2AbnormalLovebetweenMrs.MorelandHerSons8

4.ConflictsbetweenBodyandSoul11

4.1TheTragedyofPaul’sLove11

4.2TheUnhappyLifeofMorels12

5.Conclusion14

Bibliography16

1.Introduction

1.1AboutDavidHerbertLawrence

DavidHerbertLawrencewasbornin1885inEastwood,NottinghamshireandhewasanimportantEnglishwriterofthe20thcentury.Hewasbestknownasanovelistandshortstorywriter,andwasalsoapoetandessayistandanincomparableliterarycritic,meanwhilehewasaproductivewriter.Hisprolificanddiverseoutputincludednovels,shortstories,poems,plays,essays,travelbooks,paintings,translations,literarycriticismandpersonalletters.

AndhewasalsoacontroversialEnglishwriter.Foralongtime,debatecontinuestocharacterizediscussionofhislifeandwork.Butinthattime,becauseofthesexualexplicitnessofhisworks,hismanybookswerenotallowedtopublish.Suchashisverygreatwork,LadyChatterley’sLover.SoD.H.Lawrencewasapersonwhoexpressedhisinsightsintheformleastlikelytomakethemacceptabletomostofhiscontemporaries.

Hewasbestknownasanovelist,whoseworkscontainSonsandLovers,TheRainbow,WomeninLoveandLadyChatterley’sLover.AndhewasmostfamousforSonsandLovers（1913）,andLadyChatterley’sLover（1928）.

AlthoughLawrencewasaverycontroversialEnglishwriter,manyexpertsliketostudyhisworks.Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.SomeexpertssaidthatLawrence’snovelswereknownfor“oedipalanxieties”andsometimes—explicitdescriptionsofsexualrelationships,ararityinliteratureatthetimeandshockingtohiscontemporaries[1:

7].Butotherssaidhisfictionconcernedthestruggleforhumanfulfillmentwithinadehumanizingindustrializedsociety.ThisisspeciallyshowedinhismostpopularnovelSonsandLovers.Themainideaofhisworksistoreflecttheconflictsbetweenbodyandsoul.Inhisnovelspeopleintheindustrialsocietyoftenpusuretheloveinbodyandignorethecontactinsoul.

1.2LiteraryReviewofSonsandLovers

SonsandLoversisafaithfulautobiographicalnovel.D.H.Lawrencewasbornin1885inEastwood,whichjustastheBestwoodofSonsandLovers,aminingtownjustoutsideNottinghamshire,intheindustrialmidlands.LikePaulMorel,Lawrencewasalsothesonofacoalminer.AndhismotherLydiaBeardsallLawrenceisastrong-willed,refined,middle-classladyandwasaformerschoolteacher,who,likeGertrudeMorel,hadmarriedbeneathher.Infact,thepictureofPaul’schildhoodgiveninSonsandLoversreflectsapictureofLawrence’sownboyhood.Soit’sanovelonLawrence’searlylifeinthemidlandcoal-miningvillageofEastwood.Andit’sanovelaboutgrowth,developmentandhumanrelationships.Theauthordevelopsthestorybyportrayingseveralcharacters.TheleadingcharactersareMr.andMrs.Morel,PaulMorel,MiriamandClara.Inthisnovel,Mr.Moreldrinks,andhischildrenhatehim.ButMrs.Morelisastrong-willed,refinedandmiddle-classlady.Shewasonceaschoolteacher.Thiscouplefightsconstantlyand,toachild,frighteningly.AndPaulisalight,quickandslenderboy.Andheisalsoaquiet,good,andratherreligiousasaboyandintenselyattachedtohismother.MiriamisPaul’sfirstgirlfriend.Andsheisashy,wild,sensitiveandbeautifulgirlwithblackcurls.AndClaraisPaul’ssecondgirlfriendandsheisasensual,slightlyolderwoman.

Andtherearemanydifferentrelationshipsinthisnovel,likeLawrencesaidthathisnovelismainlyconcernedabouttherelationshipespeciallytherelationshipbetweenmanandwoman.

Therearetwomajorrelationshipsinthisnovel:

therelationshipbetweenmother,sonsandyounggirls,andtherelationshipbetweensons,motherandfather.Buttheendoftherelationshipisatragedy.JustlikeLawrencesaidthatitwasthetragedyofallBritishyouth,nowadayswealsocanfindthiskindoftragedyhereandthereintheworld.Butwhatcausedthistragedy?

Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.Somesaidthedehumanizingeffectsofmodernityandindustrializationcausedthistragedy,andsomesaidthemotherfixation,that’stosay,theOedipusComplexcausedthistragedy.

1.3TheObjectiveoftheThesis

Thisthesiswillfocusonanalyzingtheconflictsbetweenbodyandsoul.Throughthedescriptionoftheconflictsandthecontrastofloveinbodyandsoul,itshowsLawrence’sideaofloveandmarriage,thatistheunificationofbodyandsoul.

2.LoveinBody

2.1UnharmoniousLovebetweenMr.MorelandMrs.Morel

TherelationshipbetweenMr.MorelandMrs.MorelwhoarePaul’sparentshaschangedalotfromtheverybeginningtotheend.WalterMorel,acollier,wasahandsome,dashingyoungmanwhenGertrudemarriedhim.Butafterafewyearsofmarriageheprovedtobeirresponsible.Heisjustabreadwinnerandadrunkard,andhiswifehatedhimforwhathehadoncemeanttoherandforwhathenowwas.Sotheyfallinloveatthefirstsight,butonlyafterashorttimetheyhadconflictsbecauseofdifferentsocialstatus,characteristicsandpursuit.Mrs.Morelcamefromadecentfamily.Hersensitive,quiet,intellectivenaturewasdrawntoMr.Morel.Theymarriedafteronlyseveralmonthstheyfirstmet.Actually,Mr.MorelwasnottheoneMrs.Morelthoughtbeforetheirmarriage.Shewaswelleducatedandfullofromanticthoughtforloveandmarriage.Severalmonthsaftertheirmarriage,shewasdisappointed.Mr.Morelhaslittleeducationandnoreligion.Expectworkinganddrinking,theyseldomhadcommunicationinsoul.Sometimesshetriedtotalktohim,andhealsotriedtounderstand,buttheyallfailed.SoMrs.Moreltransferredherlovetoherchildrenbecausesheleanedheavilyuponthemforcompanionship,livedintheirhappiness[2:

36].Shewasagoodparent;herchildrenlovedher.Theoldestson,William,wassuccessfulinhisworkbuthelongedtogotoLondon,wherehehadpromiseofabetterjob.Afterhehadgone,Mrs.MorelturnedtoPaulforthecompanionshipandloveshehadfoundinWilliam.Shetriedherbesttopreventhersonsfromfollowingtheirfather’ssteps,inordertorealizethespiritualpursuitwhichshecouldnotfindinMr.Morel.Therefore,whatshesaidandwhatshedidenlargedthedistancebetweenherandherhusband,andbecamethewidegapwhichcouldnotbeoversteppedatlast.Alltheseinfluencedthechildrenverymuch,sotheyfoundedastrongunitedbattlelinetodealwiththeirfather,Mr.Morel,whoonlyhadhisappearanceandbodybutnotsoul.Soatlast,theyjusthavetheintegrationofbody,withoutcommunicationofspiritandsoul.

Theendlessconflictoftheparents,especiallythesharpcollisionbetweenthebodyandsoul,reenactsonthemotherandthePaul.Ofcourse,Mrs.Moreltakesneitherofhertwoeldersons（thefirstofwhomdiesearly,whichfurtherintensifieshergriponPaul）asaliterallover,butnonethelessherpsychologicalsnareisimmense.SheloathesMiriamfromthestart,understandingthatthegirl’sdeeploveofhersonwillousther:

“She’snotlikeanordinarywoman,whocanleavememyshareinhim.Shewantstoabsorbhim.”[2:

49]Meanwhile,Paulplayshispartwithequalfervor,incapableofcommittinghimselfineitherdirection:

“Whydidhismothersitathomeandsuffer?

……AndwhydidhehateMiriam,andfeelsocrueltowardsher,atthethoughtofhismother.IfMiriamcausedhismothersuffering,thenheeasilyhatedher.”[2:

61-62]soonthereafterheevenconfessestohismother:

“Ireallydon’tloveher.Italktoher,butIwanttocomehomewithyou.”[2:

147]

2.2SexualLovebetweenPaulandClara

ClaraDaweswasdepartedfromherhusband,BaxterDawes.S