全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题.doc
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2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语
（二）试题
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）
MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeGI.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmericanmilitaryadventurism,butthat’snothowitneedtobe.Tothemenandwomenwhoserved1inWorldWarⅡandthepeopletheyliberated,theGIwasthe2commonmangrownintohero,thepoorfarmkidtornawayfromhishome,theguywho3borealltheburdensofbattles,whosleptincoldfoxholes,whowentwithoutthe4necessitiesoffoodandshelter,whostuckitoutanddrovebacktheNazireignofmurder.Thiswasnotavolunteersoldier,notsomeonewellpaid,5butanaverageguyup6intothebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutalenemiesincenturies.
翻译：
数以千计的美国人和其它国家的人都认为二战时期的美国兵是愚蠢的战争玩具，是美国军事冒险主义象征，但事实并非如此。
对于那些在二战中受苦的人和那些被解放了的人来说，美国大兵是平民英雄。
这些穷苦孩子远离了家乡，承担着战争重任，在衣不裹体，食不裹腹的条件下，他们坚持战斗，将那群纳粹战犯赶回去了。
[美国口语]（尤指第二次世界大战时服役的）美国兵
Mindlessadj.愚蠢的；不小心的；不需要动脑筋的；不顾虑的
Adventurismn.冒险主义
adj.无拘束的；放纵的（尤指在社交和性关系方面）
Liberatedv.解放；使摆脱束缚（liberate的过去式）
brutaladj.残忍的；野蛮的，不讲理的
mindlesswartoy
盲目战争玩具
B1.[A]performed
[B]servedv.招待；服役；发球；服务（serve的过去分词）
C]rebelledvi.造反；反叛；反抗n.反叛者；叛徒adj.造反的；反抗的
[D]betrayedvt.背叛；出卖；泄露（秘密）；露出…迹象
B2.[A]actual[B]common[C]special[D]normal
A3.[A]borebearbear---bore---born
当bear意思是“生育”时，born和borne都是其分词（过去式和过去分词），一般情况下是born。
当bear是其他意思如“承受，忍受”时，过去式是bore，过去分词是borne。
bear的过去式是bore，过去分词是born和borne都可以，只是用法有些区别
区别一
在主动语态中，只能用borne。
如：
Shehasbornehimsixchildren.她给他生了6个孩子。
她生了一男一女。
误：
Shehasbornasonandadaughter.
正：
Shehasborneasonandadaughter.
区别二
在带有by短语的被动语态中，要用borne。
如：
他是一个英国妇女生的。
误：
HewasbornbyanEnglishwoman.
正：
HewasbornebyanEnglishwoman.
区别三
用于beborn表示“出生”时，不用borne。
如：
HewasborninBeijingonApril15,1966.他于1966年4月15日出生在北京。
Tenchildrenareborninthishospitaleveryday.这家医院每天有10个孩子出生。
Hewasbornto[of]wealthyparents.他出生在有钱人家。
HewasbornFrench,butlatertookCanadiancitizenship.他生为法国人，但后来取得了加拿大的公民身份。
有时用于比喻义。
如
Hewasborntobeagreatwriter.他生来就注定是一个伟大的作家。
区别四
born有时可用于名词前作定语，表示“天生的”，此时不能用borne。
如：
Hewasabornpoet.他天生是个诗人。
区别五
若用于“生育”之外的其他意义，其过去分词要用borne。
如：
Thetaskisbornedonourshoulders.这任务落在我们的肩上。
[B]caused
[C]removed
[D]loadedn.负载，负荷；工作量；装载量vi.[力]加载；装载；装货
vt.使担负；装填
A4.[A]necessitiesn.必需品（necessity的复数）
dailynecessities日用品；布帛菽粟；生活必需品；日用必需品
[B]facilitiesn.设施；工具，设备
Transportationfacilities运输设备；运输设施；运输设备折旧费
Healthfacilities卫生设施
ancillaryfacilities附属设施；附属设备
[C]commoditiesn.商品（commodity的复数）；日用品；商品期货exportcommodities出口商品smallcommoditiesn.小商品priceofcommodities商品价格；物价n.商品（commodity的复数）；日用品；商品期货
[D]propertiesn.性能；道具，内容（property的复数形式）财产
C5.[A]and[B]nor[C]but[D]hence
B6.[A]for
[B]intoprep.到…里；深入…之中；成为…状况；进入到…之内
[C]from[D]against
Hisnameisn’tmuch.GI.isjustamilitaryabbreviation7GovernmentIssue,anditwasonallofthearticles8handedouttosoldiers.AndJoe?
Acommonnameforaguywhonever9ittothetop.JoeBlow,JoePalooka,JoeMagrac…aworkingclassname.TheUnitedStateshas10hadapresidentorvice-presidentorsecretaryofstateJoe.
C7.[A]meaning[B]implying[C]symbolizing[D]claiming
A8.[A]handedout分发；施舍；把…拿出来
Annualtaxrefunds,handedoutinrecentmonths,mayalsohavegiventhemarketatemporarylift.
其二是最近几个月实施的年度税收减免，也可能暂时推动了市场。
Inhisbudget,MrChidambaramdulyhandedoutextramoneytoalonglistofworthyschemes,fromschoolmealstoruralroad-building.
在奇丹巴拉姆的预算中，他在一些有价值的计划上适当地留出了多余的钱，包括学校饮食和农村公路建设。
ecocn.org
AnalystssaidthepilotprogrammefortheinterbankmarketwouldstillbesubjecttorestrictivequotashandedoutbythePBoCtoforeignlendersbanksandcentralbanks.
分析师们表示，银行间债券市场的试点项目仍将受到限制性配额的制约；中国央行将向境外央行和银行发放这些配额
[B]turnedover[C]broughtback[D]passeddown
D9.[A]pushed[B]got[C]made[D]managed
B10.[A]ever[B]never[C]either[D]neither
GI.Joehada11careerfightingGerman,Japanese,andKoreantroops.Heappearsasacharacterora12ofAmericanpersonalities,inthe1945movieTheStoryofGI.Joe,basedonthelastdaysofwarcorrespondentEmiePyle.SomeofthesoldiersPoly13portrayedthemselvesinthefilm.Pylewasfamousforcoveringthe14sideofthewar,writingaboutthedirt-snow-and-mudsoldiers,nothowmanymileswere15orwhattownswerecapturedorliberated.Hisreports16the“Willie”cartoonsoffamedStarsandStripesartistBillMaulden.Bothmen17thedirtandexhaustionofwar,the18ofcivilizationthatthesoldierssharedwitheachotherandthecivilians:
coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter,sleep.19Egypt,France,andadozenmorecountries,GI.JoewasAmericansoldiers,20themostimportantpersonintheirlives.
11.[A]disguised
[B]disturbed
[C]disputed
[D]distinguished
distinguished[dis·tin·guished||dɪ'stɪŋgwɪʃt]
adj.卓越的;高贵的,高雅的;著名的
12.[A]company一对
[B]collection
Theeffectwastomakethetownfeellikeacollectionofdisparatesitesratherthananopenworld.
这造成整个镇子感觉像是各自不同地点的一群房屋，而不是一个敞开式的世界。
一批，一些；收藏的；许多的；集…为一体的
Economically,itcontinuestobeseenasacollectionofvastlydiversestates,nomoreabletoactasasingleunitthan,say,Africa.
从经济上讲，东盟仍被视为差距悬殊的国家的集合体，作为一个个体统一行动的能力比非洲强不到哪去。
[C]community
[D]colonyacolonyofants一窝蚂蚁
acolonyofrabbits一窝兔子
acolonyofants／bees一群蚂蚁
13.[A]employed[B]appointed[C]interviewed[D]questioned
D14.[A]ethical[B]military[C]political[D]human
15.[A]ruined[B]commuted[C]patrolled[D]gained
16.[A]paralleled[B]counteracted[C]duplicated[D]contradicted
C17.[A]neglected[B]avoided[C]emphasized[D]admired
B18.[A]stages[B]illusions[C]fragments[D]advances
19.[A]With[B]To[C]Among[D]Beyond
D20.[A]onthecontrary[B]bythismeans[C]fromtheoutset[D]atthatpoint
11.D12.B13.C14.D15.B
16.A17.C18.B19.B20.D
1.[A]performed[B]served[C]rebelled[D]betrayed
2.[A]actual[B]common[C]special[D]normal
3.[A]bore[B]caused[C]removed[D]loaded
4.[A]necessities[B]facilities[C]commodities[D]properties
5.[A]and[B]nor[C]but[D]hence
6.[A]for[B]into[C]from[D]against
7.[A]meaning[B]implying[C]symbolizing[D]claiming
8.[A]handedout[B]turnedover[C]broughtback[D]passeddown
9.[A]pushed[B]got[C]made[D]managed
10.[A]ever[B]never[C]either[D]neither
11.[A]disguised[B]disturbed[C]disputed[D]distinguished
12.[A]company[B]collection[C]community[D]colony
13.[A]employed[B]appointed[C]interviewed[D]questioned
14.[A]ethical[B]military[C]political[D]human
15.[A]ruined[B]commuted[C]patrolled[D]gained
16.[A]paralleled[B]counteracted[C]duplicated[D]contradicted
17.[A]neglected[B]avoided[C]emphasized[D]admired
18.[A]stages[B]illusions[C]fragments[D]advances
19.[A]With[B]To[C]Among[D]Beyond
20.[A]onthecontrary[B]bythismeans[C]fromtheoutset[D]atthatpoint
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）
Text1
Homeworkhasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsandevenmanyparents,butinrecentlyyearsithasbeenparticularlyscorned.Schooldistrictsacrossthecountry,mostrecentlyLosAngelesUnified,arerevisingtheirthinkingonthiseducationalritual.Unfortunately,L.A.Unifiedhasproducedaninflexiblepolicywhichmandatesthatwiththeexceptionofsomeadvancedcourses,homeworkmaynolongercountformorethan10%ofastudent’sacademicgrade.
Thisruleismeanttoaddressthedifficultythatstudentsfromimpoverishedorchaotichomesmighthaveincompletingtheirhomework.Butthepolicyisunclearandcontradictory.Certainly,nohomeworkshouldbeassignedthatstudentscannotcompleteontheirownorthattheycannotdowithoutexpensiveequipment.Butifthedistrictisessentiallygivingapasstostudentswhodonotdotheirhomeworkbecauseofcomplicatedfamilylives,itisgoingriskilyclosetotheimplicationthatstandardsneedtobeloweredforpoorchildren.
Districtadministratorssaythathomeworkwillstillbeapartofschooling;teachersareallowedtoassignasmuchofitastheywant.Butwithhomeworkcountingfornomorethan10%oftheirgrades,studentscaneasilyskiphalftheirhomeworkandseeverylittledifferenceontheirreportcards.Somestudentsmightdowellonstatetestswithoutcompletingtheirhomework,butwhataboutthestudentswhoperformedwellonthetestsanddidtheirhomework?
Itisquitepossiblethatthehomeworkhelped.Yetratherthanempoweringteacherstofindwhatworksbestfortheirstudents,thepolicyimposesaflat,across-the-boardrule.
Atthesametime,thepolicyaddressesnoneofthetrulythornyquestionsabouthomework.Ifthedistrictfindshomeworktobeunimportanttoitsstudents’academicachievement,itshouldmovetoreduceoreliminatetheassignments,notmakethemcountforalmostnothing.Conversely,ifshouldaccountforasignificantportionofthegrade.Meanwhile,thispolicydoesnothingtoensurethatthehomeworkstudentsreceiveismeaningfulorappropriatetotheirageandthesubject,orthatteachersarenotassigningmorethantheyarewillingtoreviewandcorrect.
Thehomeworkrulesshouldbeputonholdwhiletheshoolboard,whichisresponsibleforsettingeducationalpolicy,looksintothematterandconductspublichearings.ItisnottoolateforL.A.Unifiedtodohomeworkright.
21.Itisimpliedinparagraph1thatnowadayshomework___A_.
[A]isreceivingmorecriticism
[B]isnolonger
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