从双关语的翻译看直译和意译.docx

从双关语的翻译看直译和意译.docx

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从双关语的翻译看直译和意译

中国石油大学（华东）毕业设计（论文）

从归化异化角度谈英语双关语的翻译

学生姓名：

曹洋

学号：

06111308

专业班级：

英语06-3

指导教师：

王书亭

2010年6月15日

DomesticationandForeignizationStrategiesintheTranslationofEnglishPuns

by

CaoYang

UndertheSupervisionof

WangShuting

Submitted

to

SchoolofForeignStudies

inPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementfor

theBachelor'sDegreeofArtsinEnglish

ChinaUniversityofPetroleum

Dongying

June15th,2010

Acknowledgements

Firstandforemost,IwouldliketogivemygreatandheartfeltappreciationtomysupervisorMr.WangShuting,whoisaverypatient,competentandkindteacherandhelpsmealot.Duringthecourseofwritingthethesis,hegavemeinsightfulsuggestions,instructedmeinthestructureofthethesisandamendedthemistakesinthethesis.

Then,I’dliketoextendmygratitudetoalltheteacherswhotaughtmeintheSchoolofForeignStudies.Withouttheirhelp,Iwouldnotbeabletogainsomuchknowledgefromstudy.Myacknowledgementalsogoestothoseauthors,whosebooksandpapersIhaveconsulted.

Ialsogivemythankstomyfriends,classmatesandparents,whoseencouragementshelpmealot.Withthecooperationandhelpofmyclassmates,IhavesuccessfullyaccomplishedmystudyinChinaUniversityofPetroleumandthispaper.

从归化异化的角度谈英语双关语的翻译

摘要

双关是一种重要的传统修辞方法，它深深根植于语言文化中。

由于其特殊的语言文字效果，双关受到作家的青睐，被广泛运用于各种场合，从文学作品到日常会话，随处可见。

对于双关的翻译，一直是翻译理论工作者的研究对象之一。

由于双关所含的文化内涵，本文从归化异化这两个处理翻译中文化色彩的常用策略，系统剖析了英语双关语的翻译。

论文从定义、分类、特征和运用这四个方面介绍了英语双关语，分析了归化异化策略的优缺点、争议及辩证统一关系，并以此分析了双关语的翻译，最终得出结论，双关语翻译中需要归化异化策略的结合。

关键词：

双关语；归化异化策略；翻译；辩证统一

DomesticationandForeignizationStrategiesintheTranslationofEnglishPuns

Abstract

Punisatraditionalandimportantrhetoricaldevice,whichisdeeplyrootedintheculture.Thankstoitsspeciallanguageeffect,punisfavoredbywritersandwidelyemployed,fromliteraryworkstodailylife.Thetranslationofpunshasalwaysbeenafocusfortheexpertsstudyingtranslationtheory.Duetotheculturalfactorsinvolvedinpuns,thisthesisbringsindomesticationandforeignizationstrategies—twocommonstrategiesdealingwiththecultureinvolvedintranslationtoanalyzethetranslationofEnglishpunsystematically.

ThisthesisintroducesEnglishpunfromfouraspects:

definition,classification,featuresanduses.Analysisofdomesticationandforeignizationstrategies,includingtheiradvantagesanddisadvantages,disputeaswellastheirdialecticrelationisalsomade.Then,itdiscussesthetranslationofpunbyemployingthetwostrategiesmentionedaboveandcomestotheconclusionthattranslationofEnglishpunneedsthecombinationofdomesticationandforeignization.

KeyWords:

Englishpun;domesticationandforeignization;translation;dialecticrelation

TableofContents

Introduction………………………………………………………….1

ChapterOneIntroductionofPun…..………………………………..3

1.1WhatisPun…………………..……………………………..3

1.2ClassificationofPun…………..……………………...……..4

1.3TwoFeaturesofPun…….….……………...….....................5

1.4UseofPun…………………………………………………

1.4.1PuninLiteraryWorks……………………………….

1.4.2PuninAdvertisements……………………………….

1.4.3PuninJokesandRiddles……………………………

ChapterTwoDomesticationandForeignization…………..……...6

2.1IntroductionofDomesticationandForeignization…………6

2.1.1Domestication………………………………………..6

2.1.2Foreignization……………….………………………...6

2.2DisputebetweenDomesticationandForeignization.…….…7

2.3DialecticRelationofDomesticationandForeignization…….7

ChapterThreeTranslationofPun…………………….…………..8

3.1TranslatabilityofPun……………………………………….

3.2DomesticationandForeignizationStrategiesinTranslationofPun………………………………………………………

Conclusion…..………………………………………..............32

Bibliography…………………………………………………..34

DomesticationandForeignizationStrategiesintheTranslationofEnglishPuns

Introduction

Asoneoftheimportantrhetoricaldevices,puniswidelyemployedinEnglish,fromdailylifetoliteraryworks.Punistheexcellentrepresentativeofthewisdomofpeopleaswellasthecreamoflanguage.Butduetosomereasons,especiallythedifferentculturesinvolved,itisactuallydifficultforourEnglishlearnerstounderstandandtranslate.Andanytranslationisnotonlyamatterofthetransferofmerelanguage,butalsothetransferofculture.ThereisnoexceptioninthetranslationofEnglishpuns.Asforthetranslationofpuns,manypeoplehavemadealotofeffort.However,thisthesiswilldiscussthetranslationofpunfromanotherperspective—byemployingthetwoprincipalstrategies,namely,TL（targetlanguage）-orienteddomesticationandSL（sourcelanguage）-orientedforeignization.Althoughtherearenumerousdisputesbetweendomesticationandforeignization,actuallytheyaredialectic.So,insteadofdiscussingwhichoneisbetterinthetranslationofpuns,thisthesisholdsadialecticattitude,tryingtoconcludethatthetranslationofpunneedsthecombinationofthetwostrategiestogether.

ChapterOneIntroductionofPun

Inthefollowingpart,thethesiswillgiveabriefreviewofthepunaboutthedefinition,classification,featuresandtheuses.

1.1DefinitionofPun

AccordingtothedefinitiongivenbyTheOxfordEnglishDictionary,“Punistheuseofawordinsuchawayastosuggesttwoormoremeaningsordifferentassociations,ortheuseoftwoormorewordsofthesameornearlythesamesoundwithdifferentmeanings,soastoproduceahumorouseffect.”（Pearsall1503）AndWebster’sThirdNewInternationalDictionarydefinesitlikethis:

“thehumoroususeofawordinsuchawayastosuggestdifferentmeaningsorapplicationsorofwordshavingthesameornearlythesamesoundbutdifferentmeanings.”（Grove1842）

Punisoneoftheoldestrhetoricaldevices,whichisafavoritechoiceforthewriters.Pun,alsonamedparonomasia,isaplayonwords,producingdifferentmeaningsofwordsorphrasesbyemployingthesimilaritiesofthesoundandformofwordsorphrases.InEnglish,puncouldbedualinmeaningsaswellasmultiple.“Punning—totortureonepoorwordintenthousandways”（LvXu227）ThishumorousdefinitionisgivenbyJohnDryden,thefamousEnglishpoetinthe17thcentury.

1.2ClassificationofPun

WhentalkingabouttheclassificationofEnglishpun,LiXinhualistedfivecategories“Homophonicpun,Paronomasia,Antalaclasis,SylleticpunandAsteismus.”（190-192）Thisclassificationismuchtoodetailed.Tomakeitsimpler,punscouldbebrieflyclassifiedintothreecategories（LvXu220）:

1）Phonicpun:

theuseofhomophonestocreatedualormultiplemeanings

2）Semanticpun:

theuseofhomonymsorpolysemy

3）Phonic-semanticpun:

akindofpunusuallyemployedforthenamesofcharactersinliteraryworks

Then,foreachcategory,exampleswillbepresentedasfollows:

1）phonicpun

OnSunday,theyprayforyouandonMondaythey

preyonyou.

星期日他们为你祈祷，星期一他们抢劫你！

ThisiswhataLondonworkersaidwhenhesawsomeseeminglypiousladiesandgentlemensteppingintothechurch.Here,“pray”（祷告）and“prey”（掠夺）arehomophones.Andtheuseofthetwowordsshowsthehypocriticalbelieversinthechurch,formingastrongandpowerfulsarcasm.

Moresunandairforyoursonandheir.（Anadvertisementforabathingplace）

阳光充足，空气清新——有益于您的儿子和未来的继承人。

Inthissentence,“sun”and“son”havesimilarpronunciationwhile“air”and“heir”havethesamesound,whichformapunandcreateafreshandcomfortableenvironment.

2）semanticpun:

Teacher:

George,canyougiveLincoln’sGettysburgAddress?

George:

No,butheusedtoliveattheWhiteHouseinWashingtonD.C.

老师：

乔治，你会背诵林肯的葛底斯堡演说吗？

乔治：

我不知道，但我知道林肯曾住在华盛顿特区的白宫里。

Intheaboveexample,“address”isapolysemy,onemeaningis“aspeech”whiletheotheris“thelivingplace”.Georgeapparentlymisunderstoodhisteacher’swordonpurposetoavoidrecitingthatspeech.

Wemustallhangtogether,orweshallallhangseparately.（BenjaminFranklin）

如果我们不团结在一起，我们将一个个被绞死。

ThisisafamouswordoutofoutstandingpoliticianBenjaminFranklinduringAmericancivilwar.Thefirst“hang”meanstoworktogetherandthesecondonemeanstokillsomeone.BenjaminFranklintakesadvantageofthispairofhomonymstoformasharpcontrast,explainingthatnoworkingtogether,nosuccess.

3）phonic-semanticpun

Thiskindofpunisusuallyusedbythewriterstonametheircharacters,givingaspecialnametorevealone’scharacter,behaviorsorfate.JaneEyre,theheroininCharlotteBronte’sbookJaneEyre“eyre”hasthesimilarpronunciationtotheword“air”,symbolizingthepurityofheroinandshowinghercourageandperseverancetoseekafterlibertyandlove,whichislikeablastofair.

1.3TwoFeaturesofPun

Asanimportantrhetoricaldevice,punbasicallyhastwofeatures:

ambiguityanddoublecontext.

1.3.1Ambiguity

Ambiguity，resultingfrompolysemyoflanguage,isthelanguagebasisofpunaswellasafeatureofpun.Inthecommunication,ambiguityinlanguageisalargeobstacleandpeopletrytheirbesttoavoidit.Butthingsarequitedifferentinpun,wherepeopleintentionallytakeadvantageofambiguitytoformhomophonesorhomonymstoexpresstheirideas.Ambiguity,asacommonphenomenon,helpstomakepun.Hereisanexampleaboutambiguity:

Whenthecollegegirlannouncedthatsheweighed140poundsandstrippedforgym,heranxiousfatherwantedtoknowwho“Jim”was.

Intheabovesentence,“gym”and“Jim”arehomophones,whichformambiguity.Thisfatherisanxiousandworriedwhenhehearsthathisdaughterstrippedfor“Jim”.However,hemakesamistakeanditis“gym”ratherthanaboynamed“Jim”.

1.3.2DoubleContext

Doublecontextisanothercharacteristicofpun.“AmericanscholarArchibaldA.Hillpointsoutthattherearethreefactorsinanalyzingandusingpun: