大学英语阅读真题及答案.docx

大学英语阅读真题及答案.docx

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SectionC

　　Directions:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

　　Passageone

　　Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Anyveterannicotineaddictwilltestifythatfancypackagingplaysnoroleinthedecisiontokeepsmoking.So,itisargued,strippingcartonsoftheirbrandingwilltriggernomassmovementtoquit.

　　Butthatisn’twhythegovernment—underpressurefromcancercharities,healthworkersandtheLabourparty—hasagreedtolegislateforstandardizedpackaging.Thetheoryisthatsmokingshouldbestrippedofanyappealtodiscouragenewgenerationsfromstartinginthefirstplace.Plainpackagingwouldbeanotherstepinthereclassificationofcigarettesfrominvitingconsumerproductstonarcotics（麻醉剂）.

　　Naturally,thetobaccoindustryisviolentlyopposed.Nobusinesslikestoadmitthatitsellsaddictivepoisonasalifestylechoice.Thatiswhygovernmenthashistoricallyintervened,banningadvertising,imposinghealthwarningsandpunitive（惩罚性的）duties.Thisapproachhasledovertimetoafallinsmokingwithnumbershavingroughlyhalvedsincethe1970s.EvidencefromAustraliasuggestsplainpackagingpushessocietyfurtheralongthatroad.SincetobaccoasoneofthebiggestcausesofprematuredeathintheUK,ameasurethattamesthehabitevenbyafractionisworthtrying.

　　Sowhyhasittakensolong?

TheDepartmentofHealthdeclareditsintentiontoconsiderthemoveinNovember2010andconsultedthrough2012.ButtheplanwassuspendedinJuly2013.ItdidnotescapenoticethatalobbyingfirmsetupbyLyntonCrosby,DavidCameron’selectioncampaigndirector,hadpreviouslyactedforPhilipMorrisInternational.（Theprimeministerdeniedtherewasaconnectionbetweenhisnewsadviser’soutsideinterestsandthechangeinlegislativeprogramme.）InNovember2013,afteranunnecessaryroundofadditionalconsultation,healthministerJaneEllisonsaidthegovernmentwasmindedtoproceedafterall.NowwearetoldMembersofParliament（MPs）willhaveafreevoicebeforeparliamentisdissolvedinMarch.

　　Parliamenthasinfactalreadyauthorisedthegovernmenttotamethetobaccotrade.MPsvotedoverwhelminglyinfavourofLabouramendmentstothechildrenandfamiliesbilllastFebruarythatincludedthepowertoregulateforplainpackaging.WithsufficientwillinDowningStreetthiswouldhavebeendonealready.ButstrengthofwillisthemissingingredientwhereMr.Cameronandpublichealthareconcerned.Hisattitudetostateinterventionhaslookedconfusedeversincehisbizarre2006lament（叹息）thatchocolateorangesplacedseductivelyatsupermarketcheck-outsfueledobesity.

　　Thegovernmenthasmovedreluctantlyintoasensiblepublichealthpolicy,butwithsuchobviousover-cautiousnessthatanypoliticalcreditduebelongstotheopposition.WithoutsustainedexternalpressureitseemscertainMr.Cameronwouldstillbehookedontheinterestsofbigtobaccocompanies.

　　46.Whatdochainsmokersthinkofcigarettepackaging?

　　A）Fancypackagingcanhelptoengagenewsmokers.

　　B）Ithaslittletodowiththequalityortasteofcigarettes.

　　C）Plainpackagingdiscouragesnon-smokersfromtakingupsmoking.

　　D）Ithaslittleimpactontheirdecisionwhetherornottoquitsmoking.

　　47.WhathastheUKgovernmentagreedtodoconcerningtobaccopackaging?

　　A）Passalawtostandardisecigarettepackaging.

　　B）Ridcigarettecartonsofalladvertisements.

　　C）Subsidisecompaniestoadoptplainpackaging.

　　D）Reclassifycigarettesaccordingtopackaging.

　　48.WhathashappenedinAustraliawhereplainpackagingisimplemented?

　　A）Prematuredeathratesresultingfromsmokinghavedeclined.

　　B）ThenumberofsmokershasdroppedmoresharplythanintheUK.

　　C）Thesalesoftobaccosubstituteshaveincreasedconsiderably.

　　D）CigarettesaleshavebeenfallingfarmorequicklythanintheUK.

　　49.WhyittakensolongfortheUKgovernmenttoconsiderplainpackaging?

　　A）PrimeMinisterCameronhasbeenreluctanttotakeaction.

　　B）Thereisstrongoppositionfromveterannicotineaddicts.

　　C）ManyMembersofParliamentareaddictedtosmoking.

　　D）Pressurefromtobaccomanufacturersremainsstrong.

　　50.WhatdidCameronsayaboutchocolateorangesatsupermarketcheckouts?

　　A）Theyfueledalotofcontroversy.

　　B）TheymademoreBritishpeopleobese.

　　C）Theyattractedalotofsmokers.

　　D）Theyhadcertainingredientsmissing.

　　PassageTwo

　　Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Whatawasteofmoney!

Inreturnforanaverageof£44,000ofdebt,studentsgetanaverageofonly14hoursoflectureandtutorialtimeaweekinBritain.Annualfeeshaverisenfrom£1,000to$9,000inthelastdecade.Butcontacttimeatuniversityhasbarelyrisenatall.Andgraduatingdoesn’tevenprovideanyguaranteeofadecentjob:

sixintengraduatestodayareinnon-graduatejobs.

　　Nowonderithasbecomefashionabletodenouncemanyuniversitiesaslittlemorethatelaboratecom-tricks（骗术）.There’salotforstudentstocomplainabouttherepaymentthresholdforpayingbackloanswillbefrozenforfiveyears,meaningthatlower-paidgradualshavetostartrepayingtheirloans,andmaintenancegrantshavebeenreplacedbyloansmeaningthatstudentsfrompoorerbackgroundsfacehigherdebtthanthosewithwealthierparents.

　　Yetitstillpaystogotouniversity.Ifgoingtouniversitydoesn’tworkout,studentspayverylittle—ifany—oftheirtuitionfeesback,youonlystartrepayingwhenyouareearning£21,000ayear.Almosthalfofgraduates—thosewhogoontoearnless—willhaveaportionoftheirdebtwrittenoff.It’snotjustthelecturesandtutorialsthatareimportant.Educationisthesumofwhatstudentsteacheachotherinbetweenlecturesandseminars.Studentsdonotmerelybenefitwhileatuniversity,studiesshowtheygoontobehealthierandhappierthannon-graduates,andalsofarmorelikelytovote.

　　Whateveryourtalents,itisextraordinarilydifficulttogetaleadingjobinmostfieldswithouthavingbeentouniversity.Recruiterscircleeliteuniversitieslikevulturous（兀鹰）.Manytopfirmswillnotevenlookatapplicationsfromthosewholacka2.1,i.e.,anupper-secondclassdegree,fromaneliteuniversity.Studentsatuniversityalsomeetthoselikelytobeinleadingjobsinthefuture,formingcontactsforlife.Thismightnotberight,butschool-leaverswhofailtoacknowledgeasmuchriskmakingthewrongdecisionaboutgoingtouniversity.

　　Perhapsthereasonwhysomanyuniversitiesoffertheirstudentssolittleistheyknowstudyingatatopuniversityremainsabrilliantinvestmentevenifyoudon’tlearnanything.Studyingatuniversitywillonlybecomelessattractiveifemployersshifttheirfocusawayfromwheresomeonewenttouniversity—andthereisnosignofthathappeninganytimesoon.School-leaversmaymoan,buttheyhavelittlechoicebuttoembraceuniversityandthestudentdebtthatcomeswithit.

　　51.Whatistheauthor’sopinionofgoingtouniversity?

　　A）Itisworthwhileafterall.

　　B）Itissimplyawasteoftime.

　　C）Itishardtosaywhetheritisgoodorbad.

　　D）Itistooexpensiveformostyoungpeople.

　　52.WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheemploymentsituationofBritishuniversitygraduates?

　　A）Fewofthemaresatisfiedwiththejobstheyareoffered.

　　B）Itusuallytakesalongtimeforthemtofindadecentjob.

　　C）Graduatesfromeliteuniversitiesusuallycangetdecentjobs.

　　D）Mostofthemtakejobswhichdon’trequireacollegedegree.

　　53.Whatdoestheauthorsayisimportantforuniversitystudentsbesidesclassroominstruction?

　　A）Makingsuretoobtainanupper-secondclassdegree.

　　B）Practicalskillstheywillneedintheirfuturecareers.

　　C）Interactionsamongthemselvesoutsidetheclassroom.

　　D）Developingindependentandcreativethinkingabilities.

　　54.Whatissaidtobeanadvantageofgoingtouniversity?

　　A）Learninghowtotakerisksinanever-changingworld.

　　B）Meetingpeoplewhowillbehelpfultoyouinthefuture.

　　C）Havingopportunitiesofplayingaleadingroleinsociety.

　　D）Gainingup-to-dateknowledgeinscienceandtechnology.

　　55.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

　　A）Itisnaturalforstudentstomakecomplaintsaboutuniversityeducation.

　　B）Fewstudentsarewillingtobeartheburdenofdebtincurredatuniversity.

　　C）Universityeducationisbecomingattractivetostudentswhocanaffordit.

　　D）Theprestigeoftheuniversityinfluencesemployers’recruitmentdecisions.

　　SectionC

　　passageone

　　46.[D]Ithaslittleimpactontheirdecisionwhetherornottoquitsmoking.

　　47.[A]Passalawtostandardisecigarettepackaging.

　　48.[B]ThenumberofsmokeshasdroppedmoresharplythanintheUK.

　　49.[A]PrimeMinisterCameronhasbeenreluctanttotakeaction.

　　50.[C]TheymademoreBritishpeopleobese.

　　passagetwo

　　51.[A]Itisworthwhileafterall.

　　52.[D]Mostofthemtakejobswhichdon'trequireacollegedegree.

　　53.[C]Interactionsamongthemselvesoutsidetheclassroom.

　　54.[B]Metingpeoplewhowillbehelpfultoyouinthefuture.

　　55.[D]Theprestigeoftheuniversityinfluencesemployers'recruitmentdecisions.

　　仔细阅读

　　46.Aitisunfairtothoseclimate-venerablenations.

　　细节题，题目定位词除了Parisclimateagreement之外还有一个重点定位词critical，问作者为什么对此协议是批判态度，在文中并不是很明确找到。

段交代这项协议的具体时间内容等，第二段才谈到作者的批判态度。

即werevealjusthowdeepthisinjusticeruns,作者认为这是不公的，thisinjustice指代前两句，遭遇气候伤害的国家（少数4%国家）却承担一大半全球温室气