高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit16夯实训练含答案.docx

高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit16夯实训练含答案.docx

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高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit16夯实训练含答案

2017高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit16夯实训练含答案

高考题型提能练（十六）　Unit16

（2016·河南郑州市高三第一次质量预测）Sweetwormwood（青蒿）isacommonplantinChina，__1__ithasthepowertocurethedeadlydiseasecalledmalaria（疟疾）．TuYouyou__2__（be）thewomanwhousestheplant’sspecialpowertosavemillionsoflives.TheChinesescientistwonaNobelPrizebecauseofhergreatcontribution.

OnOctober5，Tuwasawardedthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine.ShesharedtheprizewithtwootherscientistsfromtheUSandJapan.TuisthefirstnativeChineseperson__3__（receive）aNobelPrizeinnaturalsciences.

Tuwasmodestaboutreceivingtheaward：

“It’sasuccessforthewholeresearchteam.”Shealsothinks__4__isscientists’dutytofightforthehealthofallhumans.

WhenTujoinedthenationalresearchteamtofindthemedicine__5__couldfightagainstmalariainthe1960sand1970s，thingswerehard.Theteamdidn’thaveadvancedequipmentbackthen.Tuusedtotest__6__（medicine）byeatingthemherself.HerteamsearchedoldChinesemedicinebooks__7__handandtestedover2，000traditionalrecipes.

OnceTu__8__（return）homeaftertravelingforsixmonths.Herlittledaughterdidn’trecognizeherandhidfromthe“strangewoman”．Todoresearch，Tualsohadtomovearoundalot.

Finally，Tufoundartemisinin（青蒿素）insweetwormwoodin1971.Shespentthenextdecades__9__（try）toimprovethemedicine.AccordingtoWorldHealthOrganization，about200millionpeoplesuffer__10__malariaaroundtheworld，andabouthalfamilliondieeachyear.Artemisininisstillthemosteffectivetreatmentagainstmalariaknowntoday.

Tunevercomplainsabouthowhardsheworks.“IfeelmorerewardedwhenIseesomanycuredpatients，”shesaid.

【语篇导读】　本文是一篇记叙文。

屠呦呦是中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，她带领她的团队发现了青蒿素，从而挽救了数百万人的生命。

1．but　[考查连词。

空前语境为：

青蒿在中国是一种常见的植物；空后语境为：

它有治愈致命疾病——疟疾的能力。

根据空处前后语境可以判断，两句为转折关系，故用转折连词but。

]

2．is　[考查时态和主谓一致。

根据该句中的“whousestheplant’sspecialpower”可知，该句应用一般现在时。

又因主语为TuYouyou，故用is。

]

3．toreceive　[考查动词不定式。

根据该句中的“thefirstnativeChineseperson”可以判断，该句应用动词不定式作person的后置定语。

]

4．it　[考查it的用法。

分析该句结构可知，动词不定式短语tofightforthehealthofallhumans作真正的主语，it作形式主语。

]

5．that/which　[考查定语从句。

分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为medicine，空处在从句中作主语，故用which或that引导该定语从句。

]

6．medicines　[考查名词的数。

根据该句中的them可以判断，空处应用复数形式。

]

7．by/on/at/in　[考查介词。

byhand意为“用手”；onhand，athand，inhand意为“在手头”。

根据语境可知这四个介词都对。

]

8．returned　[考查时态。

根据下句的“Herlittledaughterdidn’trecognizeher”可知，这里陈述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。

]

9．trying　[考查非谓语动词。

spendtimedoingsth为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，故用trying。

]

10．from　[考查动词短语。

sufferfrom为固定搭配，意为“（因疾病、痛苦等）受折磨”。

]

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Thesedays,thereareveryfewwildanimalsleftintheUK.Thewolveshavegone.Thebearshavebeenhuntedtoextinction.Fortunately,thereareafewbadgers（獾）—Oh,well,actually,notforlongastheBritishgovernmenthasjustdecidedtokillthemtoo!

Butwhy?

Badgersarefascinatingcreatures.Theblackandwhitemammalsliveundergroundin“setts”，whichtheydigoutoftheearth.Theyareextremelybrave,fightingofflargeranimalssuchasbearsandwolves.Theproblemisthatsomebadgerscarry“BovineTuberculosis”（BTB）,aninfectiousdiseasecausedbythebacteriumMycobacteriumBovis（M.Bovis）whichcancauseTBinsomeotheranimals,includingcattle.

Forfarmers,thisisaseriousissue.In1998intheUK,almost6000cowswerekilledtocontrolthedisease.Andin2010,morethan30000animalsweredestroyed.It'sexpensivetoo.BovineTBcoststheUKabout￡100millionperyear.Andsomebelievethatthediseasecouldendupcostingtheeconomy￡9billionoverthenext40yearsifnothingisdoneaboutit.

Expertssaythatbadgersareresponsibleforabout50%oftheinfectedcattle.So,aftermuchdebate,thegovernmenthasagreedtoabadgercull（杀戮）.Thiswillmeanabout30000oftheinnocentcreatureswillbewipedouttofightthedisease.EnvironmentSecretaryCarolineSpelmanadmittedthattherewas“greatstrengthoffeeling”aboutit,butsaid,“Ibelievethisistherightwayforward.”

Ofcourse,manyareagainstthemeasure,includingconservationistsandanimalrightsactivists.Theyclaimthatkillingthebadgersincontrolledzoneswouldn'tworkbecausebadgersfromneighboringareaswouldsimplymoveintotheemptysettsandbecomeinfectedtoo.Furthermore,theybelievethatthewaycattleareraisedintensively,andtransportedaroundtolotsofdifferentfarmsduringtheirlivesisprobablythebiggestcauseofthespreadofthedisease.

Mostordinarypeopleareagainstthemeasuretoo.Asurveysuggestsabouttwothirdsareagainstkillingthebadgers,withmajoritiesagainstkillingthemregardlessofage,regionandgender.Oneofthealternativestothecullinvolvesusingvaccine（疫苗）onbadgers.However,thiscostsanaverageof￡2250peryearpersquarekilometer.Trappingandshootingbadgerscosts￡2500peryear,butshootingfreerunningbadgersonlycostsabout￡200peryear（persquarekilometer）．

So,withthatinmind,it'seasytoseehowthegovernmentarrivedattheirdecision.Moneytalks!

文章大意：

本文是一篇新闻报道。

在英国，一些獾身上携带TB病菌，这种病菌会传播给牲畜，从而给农民带来巨大的损失。

政府不顾多数人的反对，决定采取行动来杀掉獾，因为对他们来说，这样做的代价相对来说较低。

1．Whydoesthegovernmentwanttokillthebadgers?

A．Becausethereisnootherchoicetocutthespreadofthedisease.

B．BecausebadgerscarryTB,adiseasewhichcaninfectotheranimals.

C．Becausetheyalmostwipedoutanentirepopulationofcattle.

D．BecauseitmightbeaneffectivewaytofightTBattheleastexpense.

答案：

D　细节理解题。

根据文章第二段中第四句“Theproblemisthatsomebadgerscarry‘BovineTuberculosis’（BTB）．..”及倒数第二段最后一句“...shootingfreerunningbadgersonlycostsabout￡200peryear（persquarekilometer）．”可知，杀死獾可能是以最低价来对抗TB传播的有效办法。

故答案选D。

2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A．Somepeopleobjecttocullingbecauseitcostsmuchmoretotrapandshootbadgers.

B．Inthefollowingfourdecades,￡9billionwillbespentonTB.

C．Basedonthesurvey,peopleofdifferentagegroups,regionsandbothgendersareagainstkillingthebadgers.

D．CarolineSpelmanthoughtbadgersshouldbeculleddespitepeople'sstrongreaction.

答案：

C　细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段第二句“Asurveysuggestsabouttwothirdsareagainstkillingthebadgers,withmajoritiesagainstkillingthemregardlessofage,regionandgender.”可知，一项调查表明来自不同年龄、地区和性别的人，大多数都反对屠杀獾。

故答案选C。

3．Whoisstronglyforkillingthebadgersaccordingthepassage?

A．Thegovernment.

B．Mostordinarypeople.

C．Conservationists.

D．Animalrightsactivists.

答案：

A　细节理解题。

根据文章第四、五、六段及文章最后一段中“it'seasytoseehowthegovernmentarrivedattheirdecision.Moneytalks！

”可知，政府对屠杀獾是非常支持的，因为这样做的代价最低。

故答案选A。

4．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardgovernment'sdecision?

A．Supportive.B．Critical.

C．Objective.D．Unconcerned.

答案：

B　推理判断题。

根据文章第一段最后一句中“actually,notforlongastheBritishgovernmenthasjustdecidedtokillthemtoo！

”及最后一段“So,withthatinmind,it'seasytoseehowthegovernmentarrivedattheirdecision.Moneytalks！

”可知，政府不顾多数人的反对，只考虑钱的问题。

从中可以看出，作者对政府的决定是持批评态度。

故答案选B。

5．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A．TheControlofTB

B．TheVoiceoftheBadgers

C．BadgerDanger

D．TheThreatoftheBadgers

答案：

C　标题概括题。

通读全文可知，文章主要讲了英国政府不顾人们的反对，已经决定杀死獾，从而使獾处于危险之中。

因此，短文的最佳标题应是BadgerDanger。

故答案选C。

B

（2016·贵阳市适应性检测考试）

Chooseyourwishlist

It'snormalforanystudent'scollegewishlisttochangethroughouthighschool.Butwhenitcomestimetoapply,manyseniorshaveahardtimenarrowingdowntheirchoices.

There'snohardandfastanswer,butthereareseveralthingsyoucandoandaskyourselftomakethedecisioneasier.Herearethreepiecesofadvicethatmighthelp.

Doyourresearch

Aboveall,it'simportanttofigureoutyourwantsandneeds.Whatdoyouexpectfromyoureducation?

Whatareyouwillingtogiveup?

VeronicaHauad,seniorassociatedirectorofadmissions（录取）attheUniversityofChicagointheUS,saidstudentsshouldstartbytakingtimetofigure_outthosequestions.

“Findthethingthat'smostimportanttoyou,andthenyoucanstartsearchingonthatfactorandsortthingsoutlater，”Hauadsaid.

Don'tfocusonrankings

It'seasytofocustoohardonschoolrankings,butdon'tletthatmakeyourdecisionforyouwhenyou'relookingatcolleges.Inthelongrun,rankingsprobablywon'thaveabigeffectonyoureducation.It'sOKtolookatrankings,butdon'tobsess（过于执着）overthem.Findcollegesthatreallyinterestyou.Iftheyendupbeingonatoplist,thinkofitasanextrapleasure.

Thinkaboutyourfuture

Here'sanimportantquestiontoaskallofthecollegesonyourlist:

Howmanyofyourstudentsfindjobsaftergraduation?

AnIvyLeagueschoolmaylookgoodonanapplication,butwhatwillthecollegedotohelpyoufindajob?

Studentsshouldalsomakesurethey'regoingtocollegefortherightreasons.

UniversityofIllinoissophomore（二年级学生）SteveWangsaidhehasmetstudentswhoaren'tlookingatthebiggerpicture.“Iseealotofstudentswhogotocollegeforthesakeofthecollegeexperience—notforahighereducation，”Wangexplained.“Sopeopleshowupandspendalotoftimeatpartiesandnotreallypayingattentiontoschoolwork.That'snotreallywhatcollegeisfor.”

1.Whenyouapplytoacollege,youshould________.

A.findoutwhatyoureallywant

B.choosethebestknowncollege

C.considerthethingsyoucando

D.quitachanceforfurtherstudy

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“figureout”inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Letout.　　　　　　　　B.Lookout.

C.Makeout.D.Checkout.

3.SteveWangspendshismaintimeon________.

A.parttimejobsB.schoolwork

C.partiesD.collegeexperiences

4.Whatisthepassagemainlyfor?

A.Researchers.B.Educators.

C.Applicants.D.Sophomores.

1．解析：

选A　细节理解题。

根据作者给即将步入大学的高中生所提供的三条建议的内容，尤其是第三段第一句“Aboveall,it'simportanttofigureoutyourwantsandneeds.”可知，高中生在申请大学时一定要做好相关调查，弄清楚自己的真正需求，不要太执着于大学的排名，要为自己的将来考虑，选那些能