评论和分析《远离尘嚣》中芭思希芭的性格Word下载.docx
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environmentandpersonality;
feminism;
patriarchy
摘要:
托马斯•哈代是19世纪英国文坛被公认的最具代表性的现实主义作家之一。
在他的小说中作家试图揭示出了历史转型时期乡村女性的生存困境,以及人的天性如何在残酷的环境中遭受摧残和毁灭的情形。
哈代特别着重关注和审视女性的生存困境,以悲天怜人的情怀塑造了一系列女性形象。
哈代的成名作?
远离尘嚣?
是一部全面,集中反映维多利亚时代妇女生存状态的力作。
本文从女性形象入手,展示了哈代对于一位在父权制度下超越传统的维多利亚妇女的形象——芭丝谢吧。
她有着不同于寻常的个性和丰富的情感。
在追寻独立和自由的过程中,她显示出鲜明的女性意识。
她以独立的性格对抗着父权制。
本文的目的在于通过展现芭斯谢芭与父权制从对抗到屈从的过程,指出这是一部女性悲剧,并且进一步分析这一悲剧的根源:
哈代的悲剧意识,宿命论和其思想上的局限性。
关键字:
巴丝谢芭;
环境与性格;
女性主义;
父权
错误!
未定义书签。
错误!
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Abstract
摘要
Introduce
1Bathsheba'
scharacters.
1.1Thepositivesides
1.1.1Rebellious
1.1.2Independent.
1.2Thenegativesides..
1.2.1Vain
1.2.2Lostinlove
1.2.3Waveringinemotion.
2Thecauseofthecharacter.
2.1Socialenvironment
2.2Familybackground
3socialinfluence
4Conclusion
Bibliography
Introduction
FarfromtheMaddingCrowdisarelativelyearlyworkofHardyasaprofessionalwriter,it'
sthefourthnovelamonghisworksthatgotpublishedintheearlieryears.Itisalsothefirstnovelthatcentersaroundasinglecharacter,itisakindoforganizationalstructurethatheusedmanytimesinhisfollowingnovels.Wecansay“FarfromtheMaddingCrowd”isthecornerstoneofTomasHardy'
snovels.
ThisnovelofHardydepictakindoffit,braveandremarkablystrongwomenwhogobeyondthetraditionaldefinitionandfullypresentthenovel---FarfromtheMaddingCrowd,wecangetadetailedanalysesonthesexualideologybetweenmanandwoman,andalsosbetterunderstandingonthewoman'
sstruggleintheprocessofbeingmaterializedandcheckedinthemale-dominatedsociety.
Bathsheba,acentralfigureinthenovel,canbeunderstoodinmanydifferentways.Ontheonehand,sheisawomanofnewera,andshehaspursuitoflove,freedomandindependence.Shehopesthatwomenandmencanhaveequalstatus,shefightsagainstthepatriarchalsociety.Ontheotherhand,sheisagirlcrazyforloveandhasweakwillpower.Thefollowingparagraphswillgiveafullpictureaboutwhosheisandwhatsheis.
scharacters
Bathsheba,acentralfigureinthenovel,canbeunderstoodinmanydifferentways.Sheisawomanofnewera,Nowwewilltalkingabouthercharacters,shehaetwodifferentsidesabouthercharacters.
1.1Thepositivesides
Bathshebahasmanygoodqualities.Firstly,sheisnotwillingtoobeytothepatriarchy,sherevoltsthepatriarchalsocietyandhopestohaveequalstatuswiththemen.Shealwaysdowhatshecandotofightit.Secondly,sheisbraveandindependent,sheislongingforequality,shealsocanpursueherlovebravelyanddoesnotrelyonothers.
1.1.1Rebellious
Astheinheritorofheruncle'
sproperty,Bathshebapossessesalargefarm.Atfirst,peoplehadgreatsuspiciononhercapacitytomanagethefarmforshewasonlyawoman.Thereisnowomanfarmownerinthetownwhomanagesthefarmbyherself.It'
sunconventionalinthepatriarchalsociety.Mencannotbearit,theyhaveastrongsenseofsuperioritytowomeninnature,anddespisewomenextremely.Fromthese,wecanfindoutthattheydonotbelievethatawomancanfinishsomethingbyherselfwithoutmen'
shelp.Nevertheless,Bathshebashowshercapacityandstrength.Shemakesgreateffortstoprovethatwithherwisdomandtalent,shecanmanagethefarm.Sheisunwillingtoplaceherselfinhumbleandpassivepositionwhenshehastofacemendirectly.Herindependenceconsciousnessissostrongthatshepersistsindoingeverythingonherown.Inhermind,womenarenotinferiortomen.Shedarestoresistintenselyagainstpatriarchalpower.Andshehasthespiritofmoderntime.Astolove,shewouldadoptactiveattitudetopursueitboldly.BathshebarefusesOa'
ksproposalforreasonisasshesaid,“Ihatetobethoughtmen'
spropertyinthatway”.AllofaboveprovesthatBathshebastandsfirmlyagainsttraditionalconventionsinpatriarchalsociety.
InFarfromtheMaddingCrowd,Hardyportrayedanewwomancharacter---Bathshebawhowasarebeloftraditionalvaluesandconventionalmoralstandards.Itevokedenormousresponsesandprovokedcensuresfrompeopleallwalksoflifeinthesociety.Actually,FarfromtheMaddingCrowdisthemasterpiecewiththestrongestfemale-consciousnessanddisplayslivingsituationofwomenentirely,becauseitisthereferenceoftheimprovingprocessofBritishwomen'
ssocialstatuesandthetheoryoffeministiccriticisminVictorianAge.
1.1.2Independence
Afterinheritingheruncle'
sproperty,Bathshebabecomesawealthyfarmowner.ShehasdifferentpersonalitycomparedwithotherwomeninVictorianAge.Shewantstobeanindependentfarmownerwithouthousekeeper.Shewantstomanageherfarmbyherself.Soaftershetakethechargeofherunc'
lesfarm,sheputoutastatemen“t:
nowyouhaveamistressandnotamalehost…whoeverofyou,don'
thinkI'
mawomancan'
ttellisgoodorbadjob.”andlambastedheremployee'
sabuseatwomen.ThisrevealthatBathshebahasfemaledignityandsuperiority.Thisyoungwomanprovesherselfextremelycapableinhernewposition.Shecanmanageherfarmefficiently,andwalkseverynightaroundherlandtoinsurethatallisinorder.IntheexclusivelymaleCornExchange,shetradesandpresentshercourageouspersonalityandintellectualpower.Justasitmentionedinthenovel,“thefirstpublicevidenceofBathsheba'
sdecisiontobeafarmerinherownpersonandbyproxynomorewasherappearancethefollowingmarketdayinthecorn-marketattheCasterbridge”.Duringtheprocessoftrading,Bathshebashowshersteadymannerandinherenttalent.SheisliketheQueenoftheCornExchange.
In“FarfromtheMaddingCrowd”,Bathshebaisamodernfemalecharacterwhomaintainsindependenceandseizestheinitiativeinherownlife.Shedoesnotwishtobeheldinthepalmofman'
shandortobearrangedbymanaspersonalpropertyatrandom.Withthiskindofindependentandself-directedpersonality,shechallengeddirectlythetraditionalethicsinpeople'
smindofVictorianAge.However,heruniquepersonalityandcharacteraresocharmingandattractiveinthewriter'
seyes.Hardyappreciatedandpraisedherrebelliousspirittokeepindependentandtopursuefreedom.Bathshebawasknownasamodelwithuniquetemperamentandspiritofhumanism.Thisisjustasthewritermentionedinthenovel:
Itwasnotabridle-pathmerelyapedestrian'
strack,andtheboughsspreadhorizontally
ataheightnotgreaterthansevenfeetabovetheground,whichmadeitimpossibletorideerectbeneaththem.Thegirl,whoworenoriding-habit,lookedaroundforamoment,asiftoassureherselfthatallhumanitywasoutofview,thendexterouslydroppedbackwardsflatuponthepony'
back,herheadoveritstail,herfeetagainstitsshoulders,andhereyestothesky
ThispicturepresentthatBathshebaisawittyandnaughtygirl.Readersmayappreciatehernaturalcharacter.IthinkwhatthewriterwantstoexpressisthatBathshebaisabravegirl,becauseshedarestochallengetraditionalconventions.
Bathsheba'
sself-consciousnessandindependencereachesthepeakinhermarriagewithTroy.PatriarchalpowerrepresentedbyOakformspowerfulcurrentandstormtopreventBathshebafrommarriedwithTroyandinsteadtheypersuadeshertoacceptBoldwood'
sproposalwhichisacceptabletothepatriarchalsociety.Nevertheless,shemaintainsherowngroundandgetsmarriedwithherbelovedperson---Troy.Comparedwithtraditionalwomenwholivedinpatriarchalsociety,Bathshebaundoubtedlyisabrave,intelligent,independentandunconventionalwoman.
1.2Thenegativesides
Bathshebaisaproductofthatsociety,shehasmanynegativesidesasothersinthattimes.
Firstly,sheisvaininherheart,shecannotregardlesstheinfluenceofherbeauty.Secondly,shealwayslostinlove,Thirdly,sheusuallywavinginlove.Thesearetheresultsthatshethinkstoomuchwhenshedealswiththings.
1.2.1Vain
Hardy'
sdescriptionofBathsheba'
slookingatherselfinamirror,“therewasnonecessityforherlookingintheglass...shesimplyobservedherselfasafairproductofNatureinthefemininekind...”revealsBathsheba'
svanity.Asawomaninfullbloomandvigor,BathshebamakesherappearanceinthecornmarketatCasterbridgeinherownpersoninsteadofbyproxy.Astheonlywomanfarmersurroundedbymalefarmers,shedemonstratesherconfidenceandprofessionalskillinbusinessandinstantlybecomesthecenterofattention.However,Bathshebaissadbecausethereisonemanwhoseemstohavemoresenseandtakesnonoticeofherpresence.Hervanityisbornoutofherdesirefoeappreciationfrommen.FromthesewecanseeBathshebaisasproud,vainandemotionallyself-indulgentasanytownswoman.
1.2.2Lostinlove
As