护理学基础试题及答案Word文档下载推荐.docx
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D.1860年
E.1862年
2.不符合铺床节力原则的是:
D
A.将用物备齐
B.按使用顺序放置物品
C.铺床时身体靠近床沿
D.先铺远侧,后铺近侧
E.下肢前后分开,降低重心
3.腰椎骨折病人需用何种方法搬运:
A.一人法
B.二人法
C.三人法
D.四人法
E.挪动法
4.下列哪项为不舒适的最严重的形式:
C
A.烦躁不安
B.紧张
C.疼痛
D.不能入睡
E.身体无力
5.腰穿后6小时内去枕平卧的目的:
B
A.预防脑压升高
B.预防脑压降低
C.预防脑缺血
D.预防脑部感染
E.有利于脑部血液循环
6.产妇胎膜早破时,采取头低足高位目的是防止:
A
A.脐带脱出
B.减少局部缺血
C.羊水流出
D感染
E.有利于引产
7.浸泡无菌持物镊的消毒液应达到镊子的:
C
A.1/2处
B.1/3处
C.2/3处
D.3/4处
E.1/4处
8.遇有真菌感染的病人,口腔护理应用的漱口液是:
E
A.1%~3%过氧化氢
B.2%~3%硼酸
C.09%氯化钠
D.01%醋酸
E.1%~4%碳酸氢钠
9.软组织损伤48h内应采用的处理方法为:
A.热疗法
B.冷疗法
C.冷、热疗法交替使用
D.先用冷疗法再用热疗法
E.先用热疗法再用冷疗法
10.温水擦浴的水温是:
A.30-32度
B.32-34度
C.34-36度
D.36-38度
E.38-40度
11.缺乏下列哪种维生素可引起佝偻病:
B
A.维生素A
B.维生素D
C.维生素E
D.维生素K
E.维生素C
12.管喂饮食时,胃管插入深度为:
A.30—35cm
B.35—40cm
C.45—50cm
D.50—55cm
E.55—60cm
13.低盐饮食每日食盐摄入量不超过:
A.1g
B.2g
C.3g
D.4g
E.5g
14.尿潴留病人首次导尿时,放出尿量不应超过:
A.500ml
B.800ml
C.1000ml
D.1500ml
E.2000ml
15.盆腔手术前导尿的目的是:
A.测量膀胱容量
B.鉴别尿闭
C.避免术中误伤膀胱
D.减轻病人痛苦
E.记录尿量,观察肾功
16.对接受青霉素治疗的病人,如果停药几天以上,必须重新做过敏实验:
A.1天
B.2天
C.3天
D.4天
E.5天
17.服磺胺药需多饮水的目的是:
A.避免损害造血系统
B.减轻服药引起的恶心
C.避免尿中结晶析出
D.避免影响血液酸硷度
E.增加药物疗效
18.最严重的输液反应是:
A.过敏反应
B.心脏负荷过重的反应
C.发热反应
D.空气栓塞
E.静脉炎
19.留取中段尿主要检查尿中:
A.蛋白
B.细菌
C.糖
D.红细胞
E.酮体
20.洗胃时每次入胃的液体量为:
A.100-200ml
B.200-300ml
C.300-500ml
D.500-700ml
E.800-1000ml
三多选题
1.麻醉护理盘中需要准备的用品是:
ABCD
A.压舌板
B.血压计,听诊器
C.吸痰管
D.护理记录单
E.导尿管
2.病区护士对新入院的病人应:
ABCDE
A.先自我介绍
B.尊重病人意愿安置床位
C.指导常规标本留取方法
D.护理评估,了解病人身心需要
E.介绍病区环境及制度
3.影响住院病人疼痛的因素包括:
A.情绪
B.注意力
C.个体差异
D.医务人员
E.个人卫生
4.压疮第三期临床表现为:
BDE
A.局部组织红、肿、热、痛
B.表皮有水泡
C.皮肤表面呈紫红色
D.真皮层有黄色渗液
E.表皮水泡扩大破溃
5.留置导尿护理措施包括:
BCDE
A.集尿袋每周更换一次
B.引流管长度以病人翻身但引流管末端不会浸入尿液为度
C.每周更换尿管一次
D.记录每次倾倒的尿量
E.集尿袋位置应低于耻骨联合
四填空题
1.1.世界上第一所护士学校由
南丁格尔创办。
2.病房要保持安静,控制噪音,首先工作人员要做到四轻说话轻、走路轻
、
操作轻、关门轻。
3.吸气性呼吸困难的三凹症状是指
胸骨上窝、锁骨上窝、肋间隙。
4.膀胱刺激症表现为
尿频
、尿急
、尿痛
。
5.三查七对,三查指操作前、操作中、操作后,七对指
床号
、姓名
、药
名、浓度、剂量、用法、用药时间。
五简答题
1.
为昏迷病人做口腔护理应注意什么?
(1)昏迷病人不可嗽口,以免引起误吸;
(2)开口器应从臼齿放入,牙关禁闭者不可使用暴力使其张口,以免造成损伤。
2.输液过程中常出现的故障有哪些?
(1)液体不滴
(2)滴管内液面过高(3)滴管内液面过低(4)滴管内液面自行下降
六问答题
1.如何护理留置导尿的病人?
㈠防止泌尿系统逆行感染的措施:
(1)保持尿道口清洁。
(2)每日定时更换集尿袋,及时排空集尿袋,并记录尿量。
(3)每周更换导尿管1次,硅胶导尿管可酌情延长更换周期。
㈡鼓励病人多饮水。
㈢训练膀胱反射功能,间歇夹管。
㈣注意倾听感受,每周尿常规检查一次。
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