雅思阅读模拟题16篇附答案文档格式.docx

雅思阅读模拟题16篇附答案文档格式.docx

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2.AtarecentconferenceonthesimulationofadaptivebehaviourinRome,Zeeshan-ul-hassanUsmani,acomputerscientistfromtheFloridaInstituteofTechnology,describedanewwaytoincreaseimpulsebuyingusingthisphenomenon.Supermarketsalreadyencourageshopperstobuythingstheydidnotrealisetheywanted:

forinstance,byplacingeverydayitemssuchasmilkandeggsatthebackofthestore,forcingshopperstowalkpastothertemptinggoodstoreachthem.MrUsmaniandRonaldoMenezes,alsooftheFloridaInstituteofTechnology,setouttoenhancethistendencytobuymorebyplayingontheherdinstinct.Theideaisthat,ifacertainproductisseentobepopular,shoppersarelikelytochooseittoo.Thechallengeistokeepcustomersinformedaboutwhatothersarebuying.

3.Entersmart-carttechnology.InMrUsmani'

ssupermarketeveryproducthasaradiofrequencyidentificationtag,asortofbarcodethatusesradiowavestotransmitinformation,andeverytrolleyhasascannerthatreadsthisinformationandrelaysittoacentralcomputer.Asacustomerwalkspastashelfofgoods,ascreenontheshelftellshimhowmanypeoplecurrentlyintheshophavechosenthatparticularproduct.Ifthenumberishigh,heismorelikelytoselectittoo.

4.MrUsmani'

s“swarm-moves”modelappealstosupermarketsbecauseitincreasessaleswithouttheneedtogivepeoplediscounts.Anditgivesshoppersthesatisfactionofknowingthattheyboughtthe“right”product—thatis,theoneeveryoneelsebought.Themodelhasnotyetbeentestedwidelyintherealworld,mainlybecauseradiofrequencyidentificationtechnologyisnewandhasonlybeeninstalledexperimentallyinsomesupermarkets.ButMrUsmanisaysthatbothWal-MartinAmericaandTescoinBritainareinterestedinhiswork,andtestingwillgetunderwayinthespring.

5.Anotherrecentstudyonthepowerofsocialinfluenceindicatesthatsalescould,indeed,beboostedinthisway.MatthewSalganikofColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkandhiscolleagueshavedescribedcreatinganartificialmusicmarketinwhichsome14,000peopledownloadedpreviouslyunknownsongs.Theresearchersfoundthatwhenpeoplecouldseethesongsrankedbyhowmanytimestheyhadbeendownloaded,theyfollowedthecrowd.Whenthesongswerenotorderedbyrank,butthenumberoftimestheyhadbeendownloadedwasdisplayed,theeffectofsocialinfluencewasstilltherebutwaslesspronounced.Peoplethusfollowtheherdwhenitiseasyforthemtodoso.

6.InJapanachainofconvenienceshopscalledRanKingRanQueenhasbeenorderingitsproductsaccordingtosalesdatafromdepartmentstoresandresearchcompanies.Theshopssellonlythemostpopularitemsineachproductcategory,andtherankingsareupdatedweekly.Icosystem,acompanyinCambridge,Massachusetts,alsoaimstoexploitknowledgeofsocialnetworkingtoimprovesales.

7.Andthepsychologythatworksinphysicalstoresisjustaspotentontheinternet.OnlineretailerssuchasAmazonareadeptattellingshopperswhichproductsarepopularwithlike-mindedconsumers.Evenintheprivacyofyourhome,youcanstillbepartoftheswarm.

（644words）

Questions1-6

Completethesentencesbelowwithwordstakenfromthereadingpassage.UseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.

1.Shopownersrealizethatthesmellof_______________canincreasesalesoffoodproducts.

2.Inshops,productsshelvedatamorevisiblelevelsellbettereveniftheyaremore_______________.

3.AccordingtoMr.Usmani,withtheuseof“swarmintelligence”phenomenon,anewmethodcanbeappliedtoencourage_______________.

4.Onthewaytoeverydayitemsatthebackofthestore,shoppersmightbetemptedtobuy_______________.

5.Ifthenumberofbuyersshownonthe_______________ishigh,othercustomerstendtofollowthem.

6.Usingthe“swarm-moves”model,shopownersdonothavetogivecustomers_______________toincreasesales.

Questions7-12

Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthereadingpassage?

Forquestions7-12write

YESifthestatementagreeswiththeinformation

NOifthestatementcontraictstheinformation

NOTGIVENifthereisnoinformationonthisinthepassage

7.RadiofrequencyidentificationtechnologyhasbeeninstalledexperimentallyinbigsupermarketslikeWal-Mart.

8.Peopletendtodownloadmoreunknownsongsthansongstheyarefamiliarwith.

9.Songsrankedhighbythenumberoftimesbeingdownloadedarefavoredbycustomers.

10.Peoplefollowtheotherstothesameextentwhetheritisconvenientornot.

11.ItemssoldinsomeJapanesestoresaresimplychosenaccordingtothesalesdataofothershops.

12.Swarmintelligencecanalsobeobservedineverydaylife.

Answerkeys:

1.答案：

（freshlybaked）bread.（第1段第2行：

Shoppersknowthatfillingastorewiththearomaoffreshlybakedbreadmakespeoplefeelhungryandpersuadesthemtobuymorefoodthantheyintended.）

2.答案：

expensive.（第1段第4行：

Stockingthemostexpensiveproductsateyelevelmakesthemsellfasterthancheaperbutlessvisiblecompetitors.）

3.答案：

impulsebuying.（第2段第1句：

AtarecentconferenceonthesimulationofadaptivebehaviourinRome,Zeeshan-ul-hassanUsmani,acomputerscientistfromtheFloridaInstituteofTechnology,describedanewwaytoincreaseimpulsebuyingusingthisphenomenon.）

4.答案：

other（tempting）goods/things/products.（第2段第2句：

Supermarketsalreadyencourageshopperstobuythingstheydidnotrealisetheywanted:

forinstance,byplacingeverydayitemssuchasmilkandeggsatthebackofthestore,forcingshopperstowalkpastothertemptinggoodstoreachthem.）

5.答案：

screen.（第3段第4行：

Asacustomerwalkspastashelfofgoods,ascreenontheshelftellshimhowmanypeoplecurrentlyintheshophavechosenthatparticularproduct.Ifthenumberishigh,heismorelikelytoselectittoo.）

6.答案：

discounts.（第4段第第1句：

MrUsmani’s“swarm-moves”modelappealstosupermarketsbecauseitincreasessaleswithouttheneedtogivepeoplediscounts.）

7.答案：

NO.（第4段第3、4句：

Themodelhasnotyetbeentestedwidelyintherealworld,mainlybecauseradiofrequencyidentificationtechnologyisnewandhasonlybeeninstalledexperimentallyinsomesupermarkets.ButMrUsmanisaysthatbothWal-MartinAmericaanTescoinBritainareinterestdinhisworkd,andtestingwillgetunderwayinthespring.短语“getunderway”的意思是“开始进行”，在Wal-Mart的试验要等到春天才开始）

8.答案：

NOTGIVEN.（在文中没有提及该信息）

9.答案：

YES。

（第5段第3句：

Thereseachersfoundthatwhenpeoplecouldseethesongsrankedbyhowmanytimestheyhavebeendownloaded,theyfollowedthecrowd.）

10.答案：

NO。

（第5段最后两句：

Whenthesongsarenotorderedbyrank,butthenumberoftimestheyhadbeendownloadedwasdisplayed,theeffectofsocialinfluencewasstilltherebutwaslesspronounced.Peoplethusfollowtheherdwhenitiseasyforthemtodoso.pronounced的词义是“显著的、明显的”）

11.答案：

（第6段第1句：

InJapanachainofconvenienceshopscalledRanKingRanQueenhasbeenorderingitsproductsaccordingtosalesdatafromdepartmentstoresandresearchcompanies.）

12.答案：

（最后一段最后一句：

Evenintheprivacyofyourhome,youcanstillbepartoftheswarm.home应该算是everydaylife的一部分）

★Roguetheoryofsmellgetsaboost

6December2006

Roguetheoryofsmellgetsaboost

1.Acontroversialtheoryofhowwesmell,whichclaimsthatourfinesenseofodourdependsonquantummechanics,hasbeengiventhethumbsupbyateamofphysicists.

2.CalculationsbyresearchersatUniversityCollegeLondon（UCL）showthattheideathatwesmellodourmoleculesbysensingtheirmolecularvibrationsmakessenseintermsofthephysicsinvolved.

3.That'

sstillsomewayfromprovingthatthetheory,proposedinthemid-1990sbybiophysicistLucaTurin,iscorrect.Butitshouldmakeotherscientiststaketheideamoreseriously.

4."

Thisisabigstepforward,"

saysTurin,whohasnowsetuphisownperfumecompanyFlexitralinVirginia.Hesaysthatsincehepublishedhistheory,"

ithasbeenignoredratherthancriticized."

5.Mostscientistshaveassumedthatoursenseofsmelldependsonreceptorsinthenosedetectingtheshapeofincomingmolecules,whichtriggersasignaltothebrain.Thismolecular'

lockandkey'

processisthoughttoliebehindawiderangeofthebody'

sdetectionsystems:

itishowsomepartsoftheimmunesystemrecogniseinvaders,forexample,andhowthetonguerecognizessometastes.

6.ButTurinarguedthatsmelldoesn'

tseemtofitthispictureverywell.Moleculesthatlookalmostidenticalcansmellverydifferent—suchasalcohols,whichsmelllikespirits,andthiols,whichsmelllikerotteneggs.Andmoleculeswithverydifferentstructurescansmellsimilar.Moststrikingly,somemoleculescansmelldifferent—toanimals,ifnotnecessarilytohumans—simplybecausetheycontaindifferentisotopes（atomsthatarechemicallyidenticalbuthaveadifferentmass）.

7.Turin'

sexplanationforthesesmellyfactsinvokestheideathatthesmellsignalinolfactoryreceptorp