中考定语从句解题三部曲习题 6.docx
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中考定语从句解题三部曲习题6
中考定语从句解题三部曲习题
定语从句解题三部曲+习题
定语从句=定语+从句,这不是废话嘛。
那什么是定语?
定语就是对名词或代词起修饰、形容和限定作用的词。
比如,LuHanisahandsomeman,其中的handsome就是定语啦。
从句,顾名思义就是句子,当定语不再是一个单词,而是一个句子时,那么这个句子就叫定语从句。
所以定语从句就是修饰、形容和限定名词的句子。
LuHanisa handsome man.(定语)
LuHanisaman whoishandsome.(定语从句)
不同的是,形容词只是一个小裤衩,简单穿在名词前就好,而定语从句则是大(长)裤(句)衩(子),太(太)宽(长)了(了),需要系上裤(关)腰(系)带(词),才能实现。
而这个裤腰带(关系词)就是中考的考常考点了。
LuHanisaman who ishandsome.
就是这个家伙,我们把它叫做关系词
关系词由两路人马构成,左队叫关系代词,右队叫关系副词。
定语从句的主要任务就是选家庭+选成员(选关系词)。
秒杀定语从句三部曲
只要走三步,就能想清楚你要选哪一个成员了。
STEP1:
找先行词
STEP2:
把先行词代入从句
STEP3:
选成员
第一步:
找先行词
先行词是个什么鬼?
“先行”就是“走在前头”,那么走在谁的前头呢?
走在定从的前头,因此先行词就是指被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
Heisaman______istall,handsomeandrich.
Man就是先行词,指人,在从句中做主语,所以要用who或者that。
第二步:
把先行词代到从句中
1) 代入后,若从句句子完整,perfect!
就用关系代词:
人作主语(who),人做宾语(whom),谁的(whose),物(which),人和物/人或物(that)
Theriseoftheplanetoftheapesisthemovie_____IsawlastTuesday.
找到movie这个先行词,放它到从句(IsawthemovielastTuesday),句子完整,movie是物,所以用which或者that。
2) 相反,代入后,若句子不完整,就用关系副词。
先行词是时间(when),地点(where),原因(why)
BestStudyistheplace______wecanfightforourdreamonceagain.
找到place这个先行词,放之到从句,放不进啊,不知道往哪儿放,这时候加个介词in,就放进去了,因为需要补介词,所以说句子不完整,补完介词in,句子变成wecanfightforourdreamonceagainintheplace.
先行词place是地点,所以用where,因此inwhich=where.由此我们可以推出,介词+which=关系副词,切记哦,需要补介词的就要考虑when,where,why啦。
第三步:
确定关系词
首先,看先行词是人还是物。
其次,看先行词在从句中所处的地位:
主语,宾语,定语——关系代词;状语——关系副词。
关系词的用法
1.that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
如:
Thecoat(that)Iputonthedeskisblue.
2.which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。
作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
如:
Thebuildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.
3.who,whom用于指人,who用作主语,whom用作宾语,whose用作定语。
在口语中,有时可用who代替whom。
who和whom作宾语时也可省略。
如:
ThegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishisfromEngland.
4.when指时间,其先行词表示时间,when在定语从句中作时间状语。
如:
Thiswasthetimewhenhearrived.
5.where指地点,其先行词表示地点,where在定语从句中作地点状语。
如:
Thisistheplacewhereheworks.
6.why指原因,其先行词是原因,why在定语从句中做原因状语。
如:
Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.
定从三步曲,你会了吗?
即学即练,TryTryTry!
1、Canyousingthesong______sheiscrazyabout.
2、Heismyfavoriteteacher_____homeisjustclosetomine.
3、Doyouknowthegirl______hetalkedwithjustnow.
4、Thisisthereason______sheloveshim.
5、NationalDayHolidayisaperiod_____wewillhavea7-day-holiday.
Check一Check,看你中了几个
1、找先行词——thesong——代入从句——(sheiscrazyaboutthesong)完整做主语——物——which/that
2、找先行词——myfavoriteteacher——代入从句——(myfavoriteteacher’shomeisjustclosetomine)完整做形容词——谁的——whose
3、找先行词——thegirl——代入从句——(hetalkedwiththegirljustnow)完整做宾语——人——whom
4、找先行词——thereason——代入从句——不完整,需要加介词for(sheloveshimforthereason(which)——forwhich=why
5、找先行词——aperiod——代入从句——不完整,需要加介词during(wewillhavea7-day-holidayduringtheperiod(which)——duringwhich=when
课后练习题
1.Don’ttalkaboutsuchthingsof__________youarenotsure.
A.which B.what C.as D.those
2.Isthisthefactory__________youvisitedtheotherday?
A.that B.where C.inwhich D.theone
3.Isthisfactory__________someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?
A.that B.where C.which D.theone
4.Isthisthefactory__________heworkedtenyearsago?
A.that B.where C.which D.theone
5.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces__________couldn’tbefound.
A.that B.where C.inwhich D.inthat
6.Thefreezingpointisthetemperature__________waterchangesintoice.
A.atwhich B.onthat C.inwhich D.ofwhat
7.Thisbookwillshowyou__________canbeusedinothercontexts..
A.howyouhaveobserved B.whatyouhaveobserved
C.thatyouhaveobserved D.howthatyouhaveobserved
8.Thereasonis__________heisunabletooperatethemachine.
A.because B.why C.that D.whether
9.I’lltellyou__________hetoldmelastweek.
A.allwhich B.that C.allthat D.which
10.Thattree,__________branchesarealmostbare,isveryold.
A.whose B.ofwhich C.inwhich D.onwhich
11.Ihaveboughtthesamedress__________sheiswearing.
A.as B.that C.which D.what
12.Hefailedintheexamination,__________madehisfatherveryangry.
A.which B.it C.that D.what
13.We’retalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist__________wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.
A.which B.whom C.who D.that
14.Thegirl__________anEnglishsonginthenextroomisTom’ssister.
A.whoissingingB.issinging C.sang D.wassinging
15.Those__________notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.
A.learn B.who C.thatlearnsD.wholearn
16.Anyone__________thisopinionmayspeakout.
A.thatagainst B.thatagainstC.whoisagainstD.whoareagainst
17.Didn’tyouseetheman__________?
A.Inoddedjustnow B.whomInoddedjustnow
C.Inoddedtohimjustnow D.Inoddedtojustnow
18.Canyoulendmethenovel__________theotherday?
A.thatyoutalked B.youtalkedaboutit
C.whichyoutalkedwith D.youtalkedabout
19.Isthereanything__________toyou?
A.thatisbelonged B.thatbelongs
C.thatbelong D.whichbelongs
20.----“Howdoyoulikethebook?
”
----“It’squitedifferentfrom__________Ireadlastmonth.”
A.that B.which C.theone D.theonewhat
21.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbooktoallthepupilsexcept__________whohadalreadytakenthem.
A.theonesB.ones C.some D.theothers
22.Thetrain__________shewastravellingwaslate.
A.whichB.where C.onwhich D.inthat
23.Hehaslostthekeytothedrawer__________thepapersarekept.
A.where B.inwhich C.underwhichD.which
24.Antarctic__________weknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.
A.which B.where C.that D.aboutwhich
25.It’sthethirdtime__________latethismonth.
A.thatyouarrived B.whenyouarrivedC.thatyou’vearrived D.whenyou’vearrived
26.Itwasin1969__________theAmericanastronautsucceededinlandingonthemoon.
A.that B.which C.when D.inwhich
27.Maythefourthistheday__________weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.
A.which B.when C.onwhichD.aboutwhich
28.WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,__________livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.
A.which B.that C.who D.where
29.Thehotel__________duringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.
A.westayedat B.wherewestayedat
C.westayed D.inthatwestayed
30.Isitinthatfactory__________“RedFlag”carsareproduced?
A.inwhich B.where C.which D.that
31.ItistheSuezCanal__________separatesAsia__________Africa.
A.which,to B.where,fromC.that,from D.that,with
32.Underthebridge,however,almostdirectlybelow,__________wasasmallcanoe,withaboyinit.
A.there B.where C.it D.which
33.Heisnot__________afool__________.
A.such,asheislooked B.such,ashelooks C.as,asheislooked D.so,ashelooks
34.Isthatthereason__________youareinfavoroftheproposal?
A.which B.what C.why D.forthat
35.HemustbefromAfrica,__________canbeseenfromhisskin.
A.that B.as C.who D.what
36.Hehastwosons,__________workaschemists.
A.twoofwhom B.bothofwhom C.bothofwhich D.allofwhom
37.I,__________yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.
A.whois B.whoam C.thatis D.whatis
38.Heisamanofgreatexperience,__________muchcanbelearned.
A.who B.that C.fromwhichD.fromwhom
39.----Doyouknowthetownatall?
---No,thisisthefirsttimeI__________here.
A.was B.havebeen C.came D.amcoming
40.Idon’tlike__________youspeaktoher.
A.theway B.thewayinthat C.thewaywhich D.thewayofwhich
41.Thetwothings__________theyfeltveryproudareJim’sgoldwatchandDella’shair.
A.aboutwhich B.ofwhich C.inwhich D.forwhich
42.Thedinnerwasthemostexpensivemealwe__________.
A.wouldhave B.havehadC.hadneverhad D.hadeverhad
43.Doyouknowwhichhotel__________?
A.sheisstaying B.sheisstayingin C.isshestaying D.isshestayingin
44.Thereisonlyonething__________Icando.
A.what B.that C.all D.which
45.Whocanthinkofasituation__________thisidiomcanbeused?
A.which B.that C.whereD.inthat
46.Ihavemanybooks,someof__________areonchemistry.
A.them B.that C.whichD.those
47.Theywereinterested__________youtoldthem.
A.inwhich B.inthatC.allthat D.ineverything
48.Theastronautdidmanyexperimentsinthespaceship,__________muchhelpforknowingspace.
A.whichwethinkitis B.whichwethinkareof
C.ofwhichwethinkis D.Ithinkwhichisof
49.Thegreatdaywelookedforwardto__________atlast.
A.come B.came C.coming D.comes
50.Ilikethesecondfootballmatch__________washeldlastweek.
A.which B.who C.that D./
参考答案:
1—5AADBA6—10ABCCA11