专业英语专业英语四级分类模拟73.docx

专业英语专业英语四级分类模拟73.docx

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专业英语专业英语四级分类模拟73

专业英语四级分类模拟73

READINGCOMPREHENSION

TEXTA

Testinghasreplacedteachinginmostpublicschools.Myownchildren'sschoolweekisframedbypretests,drills,tests,andretests.Theyknowthatthebestwaytoreadatextbookistolookatthequestionsattheendofthechapterandthenskimthetextfortheanswers.IbelievethatmydaughterErica,whogetsexcellentmarks,hasneverreadachapterofanyofherschooltextbooksallthewaythrough.Andteachersareoftenheardtostateproudlyandopenlythattheyteachtothemandatedstatetest.

  Teachingtothetestisacuriousphenomenon.Insteadofdecidingwhatskillsstudentsoughttolearn,helpingstudentslearnthem,andthenusingsomesensiblemethodsofassessmenttodiscoverwhetherstudentshavemasteredtheskills,teachersareencouragedtoreversetheprocess.Firstonelooksatacommerciallyavailabletest.Thenondistillstheskillsneedednottomasterreading,say,ormath,buttodowellonthetest.Finally,thetestskillsaretaught.

  Theabilitytoreadorwriteorcalculatemightimplytheabilitytodoreasonablywellonstandardizedtests.However,neitherreadingnorwritingdevelopssimplythroughbeingtaughttotaketests.Wemustbecarefultoavoidmistakingpreparationforatestofaskillwiththeacquisitionofthatskill.Toomanydiscussionsofbasicofskillsmakethisfundamentalconfusionbecausepeoplearetest-obsessedratherthanconcernedwiththenatureandqualityofwhatistaught.

  Recently,manyschoolshavefacedwhatcouldbecalledthecrisisofcomprehensionor,insimpleterms,thephenomenonofstudentswithphonicandgrammarskillsstillbeingunabletounderstandwhattheyread.Thesestudentsarecompetentattesttakingandfillinginworkbooksanddittomasters.However,theyhavelittleornoexperiencereadingorthinking,andtalkingaboutwhattheyread.Theyknowthedetailsbutcan'tseeorunderstandthewhole.Theyaretaughttobesoconcernedwithgradethattheyhavenotimeoreaseofmindtothinkaboutmeaning,andrereadthingsifnecessary.

1、Whatdoteachersthinkaboutteachingtothemandatedstatetest?

  A.Itiscommonlyrecognized.          B.Itiscuriouslycontroversial.

  C.Ithasbeenexceptionallyeffective.      D.Ithasbeeninadequatelydeveloped.

2、Asitisindicatedinthesecondparagraph,theauthorfindsitstrangethat______.

  A.skillsaredeterminedbeforetestsareset   B.testsareusedtoassessstudents'skills

  C.testsrestricttheskillsnecessaryforstudents  D.skillsareconsolidatedbytakingtests

3、Accordingtothethirdparagraph,"thisfundamentalconfusion"referstothefactthat______.

  A.thebasicofskillshavebeendiscussedtoomuch

  B.atestofaskillhasbeenequatedwithacquiringtheskill

  C.thenatureandqualityofwhatistaughtarerarelyconcerned

  D.skillsdonotdevelopbybeingtaughttotaketests

4、Thecrisisofcomprehensionismostprobablyresultedfrom______.

  A.students'insufficientphonicandgrammarskills

  B.teachingthattakesupmuchofstudents'freetime

  C.teachingthatemphasizesdetailsratherthanthewhole

  D.students'incompetenceinthinkingaboutwhattheyread

Corporatescandal,laborreductions,economicrecession.Thepastyearhasbeenasoberingexperiencefortheaverageworker,areturnofthenose-to-the-grindstoneworkethic,andatimetorolluptheshirtsleevesandgetserious.You'veseenyourworkloadincrease,yourpayfrozen,andyourtrainingbudgetscut.Andtomakemattersworse,you'veseenexpectationsforROI（ReturnonInvestment）riseande-learningcompaniesfall.

  Needatissue?

It'snotthatbad.Honest.Despitewhatyoumayhaveheard,funisnotdead.Intheburgeoningnicheofgame-basede-learning,agroupofcompaniesareusingthevideogameskids（andadults）playasinspirationfordeliveringlearningthatcountersworkers'reluctancetowardstrainingandoffersanantidotetothestressthatmanyareunder.Nowthatincentivesofapayincreaseorpromotionarebeingreignedinbyhigherups,employeesarelessenthusiasticabouttakingtimeawayfromtheirjobsfortraining—managersevenlessso.Thesegame-basede-learningapplicationscounterbybeingfun,engaging,andinsomecases,addictive.

  But,ascanbeexpected,e-learningthatdrawsheavilyonvideogamesinacoat-and-tiecultureisoftenatoughsell.Advancedgamesandsimulationsdon'tcomecheap.Developmentcostsforcustom-designedgamesoftentopthemilliondollarmarkandpurchasepricesaretypicallyseveralhundredthousanddollars.Suchaninvestmentmatchesthecostofin-classroomtraining.Withtrainingbudgetcuts,companiesthatareonthefenceareunwillingtotakeachanceonanunprovenmodeofdelivery.Pragmatismandproventechnologyruletheday,ascompaniesdecidewhattheyreallyneedandsuppliersfigureouthowtodeliver.Forsomeinthegame-basede-learningsegment,themoodisratherpensive.Forthem,funisn'tdead.It'sjustonpause.

  Forothers,it'sgameon.CompaniessuchasLearningWare,CorporateAdrenalin,andGames2Trainarefindingsuccessbydeliveringwithinatightbudgetandprovidingback-enddatatoensurethatgamesearntheirkeep.Eveninthemidstofthiseconomicslump,game-basede-learningisdemonstratingitspotentialtoimprovethewaywetrainanddobusiness.

5、E-learningcompaniesexpectthatvideogameswillbeusedfor______.

  A.inspiringchildren'spassionforlearning      B.inspiringworkers'passionfortheirjob

  C.relievingemployeesfromworkpressure      D.relievingtheneedforcertainjobtraining

6、Employeesarelessenthusiasticabouttrainingbecause______.

  A.promotiondoesn'ttaketrainingintoaccount    B.managersserveasabadmodelfortraining

  C.itismoreandmoredifficulttogetapromotion  D.game-basede-learningisthemoreupdatedtrend

7、Inacoat-and-tieculture,peopletendtodemand______.

  A.thatgamesbecustom-designed          B.thatgamesandsimulationsbecheap

  C.higherbudgetforin-classroomtraining       D.pragmatismandproventechnology

8、Thepassageisaimedatpeoplewho______.

  A.probablyworkfore-learningcompanies      B.probablyworkforvideogamecompanies

  C.arewordedabouttheeconomy          D.areconcernedaboute-training

9、WhathappenstoLearningWare,CorporateAdrenalin,andGames2Train?

  A.Theyareoptimisticbutcautiousaboute-learning.

  B.Theyaresuccessfulevenintheeconomicrecession.

  C.Theywillbecomeprofitablewhentheeconomyrevives.

  D.Theywillbeprovidedwithlow-budgettrainingprograms.

TEXTB

Aboutfortyyearsago,IwasaninstructorinthemilitaryacademyatWoolwich,whenyoungScoresbywasgivenhisfirstexamination.Ifeltextremelysorryforhim.Everybodyansweredthequestionswell,intelligently,whilehe—why,dearme—hedidnotknowanything,sotospeak.Hewasanice,pleasantyoungman.Itwaspainfultoseehimstandthereandgiveanswersthatweremiraclesofstupidity.

  Iknewofcoursethatwhenexaminedagainhewouldfailandbethrownout.So,Isaidtomyself,itwouldbeasimple,harmlessacttohelphimasmuchasIcould.

  ItookhimasideandfoundheknewalittleaboutJuliusCeasar'shistory.But,hedidnotknowanythingelse.So,Iwenttoworkandtestedhimandworkedhimlikeaslave.Imadehimwork,overandoveragain,onafewquestionsaboutCeasar,whichlknewhewouldbeasked.

  Ifyouwillbelieveme,hecamethroughverywellonthedayoftheexamination.Hegothighpraisetoo,whileotherswhoknewathousandtimesmorethanheweresharplycriticized.Bysomestrange,luckyaccident,hewasaskednoquestionsbutthoseImadehimstudy.Suchanaccidentdoesnothappenmorethanonceinahundredyears.

  Well,allthroughhisstudies,Istoodbyhim,withthefeelingamotherhasforadisabledchild.Andhealwayssavedhimselfbysomemiracle.

  Ithoughtthatwhatintheendwoulddestroyhimwouldbethemathematicsexamination.Idecidedtomakehisendaspainlessaspossible.So,Ipushedfactsintohisstupidheadforhours.Finally,IlethimgototheexaminationtoexperiencewhatIwassurewouldbehisdismissalfromschool.Well,sir,trytoimaginetheresult.Iwasshockedoutofmymind.Hetookfirstprize!

Andhegotthehighestpraise.

  Ifeltguiltydayandnight—whatIwasdoingwasnotright.ButIonlywantedtomakehisdismissalalittlelesspainfulforhim.Ineverdreameditwouldleadtosuchstrange,laughableresults.

  Ithoughtthatsoonerorlateronethingwassuretohappen:

Thefirstrealtestoncehewasthroughschoolwouldruinhim.

10、Accordingtothenarrator,Scoresbypassedtheexamsbecauseof______.

  A.thenarrator'shelp              B.Scoresby'sgoodluck

  C.Scoresby'shardwork            D.theteachers'kindness

11、ThenarratordecidedtohelpScoresby______.

  A.sothatScoresbywouldnotloseallhisconfidence

  B.sothatScoresbycouldstayatschoolaslongaspossible

  C.becausethenarratorregardedScoresbyashisownchild

  D.becausethenarratordidn'twanttoseethestudentslagbehind

12、WhatdidthenarratorthinkaboutScoresby?

  A.Scoresbywouldnevergetoverhisstupidity.

  B.Scoresbywouldhaveapromisingfuture.

  C.Scoresby'sstupiditywouldbecompensatedbyhardwork.

  D.Scoresby'sfailureshouldbeattributedtohislaziness.

13、Thenarratorfeltguiltyabout______.

  A.beingunabletohelpScoresbytobesmart  B.indulgingS