国际经济学模拟试题含答案.docx

国际经济学模拟试题含答案.docx

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国际经济学模拟试题含答案

国际经济学模拟习题（3）

一、TrueorFalse（10*1’=10’）

1. 　Tradeisazero-sumactivity;ifonecountrygains,theothermustlose.

2. Anationmaximizessatisfactionbyreachingthehighestpossibleindifferencecurve,andintheabsenceoftradewillproducewhereitsproductionpossibilitiesscheduleistangenttoanindifferencecurve.

3. Thefactorendowmentsmodelpredictsthatinternationaltradewilltendtoequalizethepricesoftrade-ablegoodsamongnations,buttoincreasethewagegapbetweencapital-abundantandlabor-abundantnations.

4. Ataxof10percentonimportsofshoeswouldbeanexampleofaspecifictariff.

5.　Animportquotawillnotraisethedomesticpriceoftheproductaswouldatariff,becauseitisnotataxonimports.

6. Inbalance-of-paymentsaccount,atransactionresultinginreceiptofapaymentisrecordedasacredit,whereasatransactionresultinginapaymenttoothernationsisrecordedasadebit.

7. Becausetheydonotincludeanexchangeofgoodsorservices,unilateraltransfersdonotappearonanation'sbalanceofpaymentsaccount.

8.DavidHumewasoneofthefirsteconomiststoprovideanalyticalsupportformercantilisttradepolicies.

9.Anationwouldbemostlikelytofinditstradebalanceimprovingafteracurrencydepreciationifthatnation’sdemandforimportsandforeigndemandforitsexportswasveryinelastic.

10. Anationwithneitherabalanceofpaymentssurplusnorabalanceofpaymentsdeficitissaidtobeininternalbalance.

二、choices（15*3’=45’）

1. Thelawofcomparativeadvantage

a）.wasratifiedbytheWorldTradeOrganization

b）.explainshowallcountriescanbenefitwheneachspecializesinproducingitemsinwhichithasthegreatestrelativeefficiency

c）.explainshowonlythemostefficientnationscanbenefitfromtrade

d）.isusedtoevaluateacountry’smilitarystrength

2. Thetheoryofabsoluteadvantagewasdevelopedby

a.theMercantilists

b.DavidHume

c.AdamSmith

d.DavidRicardo

3. DavidRicardodevelopedtheprincipleofcomparativeadvantageshowingthat

a.anationmustbetheleast-costproducerofagoodinordertoexportthatitem

b.nonationcouldhaveanabsoluteadvantageinallgoods

c.inatwo-countryexample,onlyonenationcanhaveacomparativeadvantage

d.evenanationthathaslowerproductivityinallgoodscanbenefitbyexportingtheiteminwhichitisrelativelylessinefficient

4. Anindifferencecurve

a.showsthatmostpeoplereallyareindifferentaboutinternationaltrade

b.showsthedemandpreferencesofconsumers

c.reflectstherelativecostsofproductionwithinanation

d.indicateshowmuchlaboracountryhas

5. Tomaximizeitssatisfaction,anationwillensurethatitsterms-of-tradeline

a.istangenttoitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontieratonepoint（productionpoint）andalsotothehighestattainableindifferencecurveatanotherpoint（consumptionpoint）

b.istangenttoitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontierandintersectsanindifferencecurve

c.intersectsitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontierandistangenttoanindifferencecurve

d.intersectsitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontieratonepointandanindifferencecurveatanotherpoint

6. Factor-priceequalizationpredictsthatwithinternationaltrade

a.thepriceofanation’sabundantfactorwillriseandthatofitsscarcefactorwillfall

b.thepriceofanation’sabundantfactorwillfallandthatofitsscarcefactorwillrise

c.thepricesofanation’sabundantandscarcefactorsbothwillrise

d.thepricesofanation’sabundantandscarcefactorsbothwillfall

7. Theeffectiverateofprotection

a.distinguishesbetweentariffsthatareeffectiveandthosethatareineffective

b.istheminimumlevelatwhichatariffbecomeseffectiveinlimitingimports

c.showstheincreaseinvalue-addedfordomesticproductionthataparticulartariffstructuremakespossible,inpercentageterms

d.showshoweffectiveatariffisinraisingrevenue

8. Theinstitutionalframeworkdevelopedin1947topromotetradeliberalizationisknownas

a.theGATT

b.theWTO

c.theIMF

d.TheWorldBank

9. Developingnations

a.haveverylimitedinvolvementininternationaltrade

b.trademostlywitheachother

c.relyheavilyonexportsofprimaryproductstoindustrialnations

d.relyheavilyonexportsofmanufacturedproducts

10. Acustomsunionisuniqueinthatit

a.hasnotariffsontradeamongmembernations

b.hasnotariffsontradeamongmembernationsandacommonsetoftariffsonimportsfromnon-members

c.hasnotariffsontradeamongmembernations,acommonsetoftariffsonimportsfromnon-members,andfreemobilityoffactorsofproductionsuchaslaborandcapitalamongmembers

d.allowsunrestrictedlaborimmigrationfromnon-membernations

11. Anation'sbalanceofpaymentsstatement

a.isarecordofthatnation'sassetsabroadanditsliabilitiestothosefromothernations

b.isanaccountingadjustmentprocessensuringthatanation'sexportswillbeequaltoitsimportsc.doesnotincludetransactionsofforeigncitizensorcompanieslivingoroperatingwithinthatnationd.isarecordoftheeconomictransactionsbetweenresidentsofthatnationandtherestoftheworld,usuallyforaperiodofoneyear.

12. Sincebalance-of-paymentsaccountingisadouble-entryaccountingsystem,anexportofU.S.wheattoMexicopaidforbyadeposittotheU.S.exportersaccountinaMexicanbankwouldberecordedontheU.S.balanceofpaymentsas

a.acreditformerchandiseexportsandacredittoshort-termfinancialflows

b.acreditformerchandiseexportsandadebittoshort-termfinancialflows.

c.acreditformerchandiseexportsandadebittounilateraltransfers

d.acreditformerchandiseexportsandadebittoofficialsettlements

13. Theforeign-exchangemarket

a.islocatedinNewYork

b.isamarketinChicagofortheinternationaltradingofcommoditiessuchaswheatorcopper.

c.isamechanismforindividualsandinstitutionstoexchangeonenationalorregionalcurrencyordebtinstrumentforthoseofothernationsorregions.

d.isopenfrom9:

00a.m.to3:

00p.m.NewYorktime,MondaythroughFriday.

14. Marketfundamentalsthatmightbeexpectedtoinfluenceexchangeratemovementsincludeallofthefollowingfactorsexcept

a.differencesinrealincomegrowthratesbetweencountries

b.differencesinrealinterestratesbetweencountries

c.speculativeopinionaboutfutureexchangerates

d.changesinperceivedprofitabilityofeconomicinvestmentsbetweentwocountries

15. IfinflationishigherinMexicothanintheUnitedStates,thelawofonepricewouldpredictthat

a.tradebetweenMexicoandtheUnitedStateswoulddecline

b.thedollarpriceofautospurchasedinMexicowouldbehigherthanthedollarpriceofcomparableautospurchasedintheUnitedStates

c.thepesowouldappreciaterelativetothedollarbyanamountequalinpercentagetermstothedifferencebetweenthetwoinflationrates

d.thepesowoulddepreciaterelativetothedollarbyanamountequalinpercentagetermstothedifferencebetweenthetwoinflationrates

三、Questions（45’,answerthesequestionsinChinese）

1.Assumethatlaboristheonlyfactorusedinproduction,andthatthecostsofproducingbutterandclotharegivenbythetablebelow.（8’）

Costinlabor-hourstoproduce

Home

Foreign

1unitofbutter

1/8

1

1unitofcloth

1/4

1/2

（1）ExpressthepriceofbutterrelativetothepriceofclothintermsoflaborcontentforHomeandForeignintheabsenceoftrade.

（2）Whatdotheserelativepricesrevealabouteachcountry’scomparativeadvantage?

（3）Whatdotheserelativepricessuggestabouttheworldpriceofbutterrelativetocloththatwillexistoncethesecountriestradewitheachother?

（4）Iftheworldpricestabilizesat1withtrade,whatarethegainsbytheHomecountryachievedthroughtradewiththeForeigncountry?

2.Explaintheimmiserizinggrowthandlistthecaseforimmiserizinggrowthtobeoccur.（8’）

3.Explaintheexchangerateovershootingtheory（8’）

4.Supposethatthenominalinterestrateon3-monthTreasurybillsis8percentintheUnitedStatesand6percentintheUnitedKingdom,andtherateofinflationis10percentintheUnitedStatesand4percentintheUnitedKingdom.（9’）

（1）Whatistherealinterestrateineachnation?

（2）Inwhichdirectionwouldinternationalinvestmentflowinresponsetotheserealinterestrates?

（3）Whatimpactwouldtheseinvestmentflowshaveonthedollar’sexchangevalue?

5.Whateffectsdoeslabormigrationhaveonthecountryofimmigration?

Thecountryofemigration?

Theworldasawhole?

（12’）

国际经济学模拟习题（3）参考答案

一、判断题（每题1分，共10分）╳√╳╳╳√╳╳╳╳

二、选择题（每题3分，共45分）bcdbaacacbdbccd

三、简答题（共45分）

1、

（1）封闭条件下，本国可以用一半的生产一单位布的劳动时间生产一单位黄油。

这表示，在封闭条件下，本国黄油与布的相对价格是1/2，外国黄油与布的相对价格是2。

（2分）

（2）根据上面的相对价格，表明本国生产黄油有比较优势，外国的比较优势是生产布。

（2分）

（3）如果两国发生国际贸易，国际比价应该落在封闭条件下本国和外国国内相对价格之间。

（2分）

（4）如果世界市场价格为1，本国通过出口黄油，进口布，用一单位黄油可以换得1单位布，比在本国用两单位黄油换一单位布多获得一单位黄油的利益。

（2分）

2、出口偏向型增长对一国的福利产生两种相反的作用，因为生产的多，该国可获得好处，但由于出口价格下降，也遭受损失，如果贸易恶化的负向作用超过了产量增加的正向作用，该国就发生了贫困化增长。

（4分）

以下情况下最有可能发生贫困化增长：

（1）一国的经济增长偏向于它的出口部门（1分）

（2）该国相对于世界市场而言是个大国（1分）

（3）外国对本国出口产品的需求严重缺乏价格弹性（1分）

（4）本国严重依赖于国际贸易（1分）

3、汇率的粘性价格货币分析法简称为超调模型，它认为商品市场与资产市场的调整速度是不同的（2分），商品市场上的价格水平具有粘性，购买力平价短期内不成立（1分），经济存在由短期平衡向长期平衡调整的过程，而汇率作为一种特殊资产的价格，其变动受人们对未来市场基本因素预期的变化影响很大（1分），当货币供给一次性增加以后，本币汇率的瞬时贬值程度大于其长期贬值程度（2分），我们称这种现象为汇率超调现象，该现象有助于解释为什么汇率每一天的升值或贬值会如此剧烈（2分）。

4、

（1）实际利率=名义利率-通货膨胀率（1分）美国实际利率=8%-10%=-2%（1分）

英国实际利率=6%-4%=2%（1分）

（2）国际资本应该从美国流向英国（2分）

（3）国际资本从美国流向英国，对英镑需求增加，英镑升值，所以即期市场上美元相对于英镑贬值（2分）。

远期外汇市场上，美元升水率为4%（2分）。

5、

（1）对世界来说，由于移民，工人被吸引到他们最有效率的领域，世界产出趋于扩张（2分）劳动力流动增加的世界收入并没有在所有国家和所有生产要素之间平均分配。

（